![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/encefalitis.jpg\")
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Rreth nj\u00eb shekull m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb kur pandemia e gripit t\u00eb vitit 1918 vrau midis 50 dhe 100 milion\u00eb njer\u00ebz n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, njer\u00ebzimi u p\u00ebrball me nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb re dhe t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n S\u00ebmundja, e njohur si encephalitis lethargica (EL), filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr Evrop\u00eb n\u00eb dimrin e vitit 1916. Constantin von Economo, nj\u00eb mjek n\u00eb Klinik\u00ebn Psikiatrike-Neurologjike t\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs, ishte i pari q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkroi s\u00ebmundjen pasi disa pacient\u00eb u paraqit\u00ebn me simptoma t\u00eb panjohura neurologjike. <\/span><\/p>\n Ata u shtruan me diagnoza q\u00eb shkonin nga meningjiti dhe skleroza e shum\u00ebfisht\u00eb deri te deliri. Por asnj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto simptoma nuk p\u00ebrshtatej plot\u00ebsisht me ndonj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb njohur, dhe nj\u00eb simptom\u00eb e re – letargjia, ose p\u00ebrgjumja – e dalloi at\u00eb si nj\u00eb dukuri t\u00eb re. Ajo u kategorizua si akute ose kronike, megjith\u00ebse dy fazat shpesh p\u00ebrziheshin me nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn.<\/span><\/p>\n “Encephalitis lethargica akute shpesh paraqitej si nj\u00eb fillim gradual i simptomave t\u00eb paqarta t\u00eb ngjashme me gripin, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb plog\u00ebshtin\u00eb, ethet e lehta, faringitin, dridhjet, dhimbjen e kok\u00ebs, marramendjen dhe t\u00eb vjellat,”<\/em> shpjegon nj\u00eb rishikim i vitit 2017 mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb tem\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n “Simptomat neurologjike pasonin dhe mund t\u00eb shfaqeshin shum\u00eb shpejt, si n\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb vajze q\u00eb p\u00ebsoi hemiplegji t\u00eb papritur (paraliz\u00eb e nj\u00ebr\u00ebs an\u00eb t\u00eb trupit) nd\u00ebrsa kthehej n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi nga nj\u00eb koncert. Brenda gjysm\u00eb ore ajo ra n\u00eb gjum\u00eb dhe vdiq 12 dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n S\u00ebmundja u nda m\u00eb tej n\u00eb kategori t\u00eb tjera, disa prej t\u00eb cilave ishin m\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse se t\u00eb tjerat. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e dallueshme ishte forma somnolent-ophthalmoplegic e EL, e cila karakterizohej nga p\u00ebrgjumja ekstreme.<\/span><\/p>\n “M\u00eb s\u00eb shumti, pacient\u00ebt ndjenin nj\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb d\u00ebrrmuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb fjetur dhe flinin p\u00ebr periudha jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb gjata kohore, por zgjoheshin leht\u00ebsisht dhe shpesh ishin koshient\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb kishte ndodhur rreth tyre gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj gjendjeje pseudosomnolence,”<\/em> shpjegon rishikimi.<\/span><\/p>\n “Shkalla e vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr form\u00ebn somnolent-ophthalmoplegic ishte m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se ajo e formave t\u00eb tjera, duke kaluar 50%; megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb i madh i t\u00eb mbijetuarve p\u00ebsuan pak ose aspak pasoja afatgjata n\u00eb krahasim me format e tjera.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n EL, q\u00eb mendohet se ka shkaktuar mbi gjysm\u00eb milioni vdekje, b\u00ebhej gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese me kalimin e koh\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n “Pacient\u00ebt ishin koshient\u00eb dhe t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm – e megjithat\u00eb jo plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb zgjuar; ata uleshin pal\u00ebvizur dhe pa folur gjith\u00eb dit\u00ebn n\u00eb karriget e tyre, me munges\u00eb totale energjie, nxitjeje, iniciative, motivi, oreksi apo d\u00ebshire; ata regjistronin \u00e7far\u00eb ndodhte rreth tyre pa v\u00ebmendje aktive dhe me nj\u00eb indiferenc\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb,”<\/em> shkroi Dr. Oliver Sacks n\u00eb librin e tij \u201cAwakenings\u201d, duke p\u00ebrshkruar koh\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb spitalin Beth Abraham n\u00eb Nju Jork n\u00eb vitet ’60.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ata as nuk p\u00ebrcillnin, as nuk ndjenin ndjesin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs; ishin po aq t\u00eb paqen\u00eb sa fantazmat dhe po aq pasiv\u00eb sa zombit.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n S\u00ebmundja u p\u00ebrhap. Nj\u00ebsoj si me COVID-19, variante t\u00eb reja u shfaq\u00ebn gjat\u00eb viteve n\u00eb vijim t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb. Rreth Italis\u00eb dhe Suedis\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1919-1920, doli nj\u00eb lloj i ri i karakterizuar nga faza hiperkinetike dhe pagjum\u00ebsie, si dhe nj\u00eb dhimbje nevralgjike q\u00eb nuk qet\u00ebsohej as nga morfina.<\/span><\/p>\n Pacient\u00ebt p\u00ebsonin ngurt\u00ebsim t\u00eb gjymtyr\u00ebve dhe mbeteshin t\u00eb pal\u00ebvizsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr periudha t\u00eb gjata. Ata q\u00eb mbijetonin faz\u00ebn fillestare nuk ishin jasht\u00eb rrezikut, pasi nd\u00ebrlikimet shpesh shfaqeshin vite pas infektimit origjinal.<\/span><\/p>\n “Faza kronike karakterizohej nga parkinsonizmi, por \u00e7rregullimet e gjumit, anomalit\u00eb okulomotore, l\u00ebvizjet e pavullnetshme dhe \u00e7rregullimet psikiatrike ishin gjithashtu tipare t\u00eb zakonshme,”<\/em> shpjegon rishikimi.<\/span><\/p>\n “N\u00eb dekadat pas epidemis\u00eb, u vler\u00ebsua se deri n\u00eb 50% e rasteve t\u00eb parkinsonizmit ishin post-encefalitike.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Shkaku i s\u00ebmundjes mbetet gjer\u00ebsisht i panjohur. Nj\u00eb teori popullore n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb ishte se s\u00ebmundja shkaktohej nga virusi p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr gripin spanjoll t\u00eb vitit 1918. T\u00eb dyja s\u00ebmundjet erdh\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebrfunduan n\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, ndaj lidhja dukej logjike. Megjithat\u00eb, studimet n\u00eb qytetet e SHBA-s\u00eb midis viteve 1918 dhe 1923 nuk gjet\u00ebn asnj\u00eb lidhje direkte mes tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n Koh\u00ebt e fundit, nj\u00eb studim q\u00eb ekzaminoi mostrat e pakta t\u00eb indeve t\u00eb trurit t\u00eb disponueshme arriti n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se nj\u00eb enterovirus \u2013 grup virusesh q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin poliomelitin dhe p\u00ebrhapet p\u00ebrmes kontaktit me sekrecionet \u2013 ishte shkaku i mundsh\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p>\n Sidoqoft\u00eb, nuk ka nj\u00eb konsensus t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb vitin 1927, pasi kishte vrar\u00eb rreth 500,000 njer\u00ebz, EL pothuajse ndaloi s\u00eb qarkulluari dhe u zhduk fare. Ndon\u00ebse zhdukja e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lajm i mir\u00eb, pa e ditur shkakun, nuk dihet e sa e mundshme \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb ngjashme t\u00eb rishfaqen n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/span><\/p>\n “P\u00ebrve\u00e7se n\u00ebse identifikohet me siguri nj\u00eb shkak tjet\u00ebr, rishfaqja e saj n\u00eb kontekstin e nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr pandemie gripi mbetet formalisht e mundur,”<\/em> p\u00ebrfundon nj\u00eb studim, duke shtuar se nj\u00eb rikthim i till\u00eb do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbente t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn si mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar etiologjin\u00eb e EL duke p\u00ebrdorur metodat moderne, shkruan Ifl<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Rreth nj\u00eb shekull m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb kur pandemia e gripit t\u00eb vitit 1918 vrau midis 50 dhe 100 milion\u00eb njer\u00ebz n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, njer\u00ebzimi u p\u00ebrball me nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb re dhe t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb. S\u00ebmundja, e njohur si encephalitis lethargica (EL), filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr Evrop\u00eb n\u00eb dimrin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":786351,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-786350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fast-foodi"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=786350"}],"version-history":[{"count":99999,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":786352,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786350\/revisions\/786352"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/786351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=786350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=786350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=786350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}