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Shqip\u00ebria kryeson me diferenc\u00eb t\u00eb madhe list\u00ebn e 45 vendeve me p\u00ebrqindjen m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb raport me popullsin\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n Sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb Organizat\u00ebs p\u00ebr Bashk\u00ebpunim Ekonomik dhe Zhvillim (OECD), p\u00ebr \u00e7do nj\u00eb mij\u00eb banor\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri 22.1 ishin emigrant\u00eb n\u00eb 38 vendet OECD, nj\u00eb tregues q\u00eb e vendos Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpara vendeve t\u00eb tjera si Rumania si vendi i dyt\u00eb me 12.7 emigrante p\u00ebr 1000 banor\u00eb, Bullgaria (11.9) apo Kuba (10.6) (shiko grafikun e m\u00ebposht\u00ebm).<\/span><\/p>\n Ky nivel i lart\u00eb emigrimi n\u00ebnkupton se gati nj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do 4 shqiptar\u00eb ka emigruar jasht\u00eb vendit, duke reflektuar p\u00ebrmasat e jasht\u00ebzakonshme t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes demografike q\u00eb ka prekur vendin ton\u00eb gjat\u00eb dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit.<\/span><\/p>\n Shqip\u00ebria, ndryshe nga vendet me konflikte apo kriza humanitare, si Siria apo Afganistani, po p\u00ebrjeton nj\u00eb emigracion t\u00eb motivuar kryesisht nga faktor\u00eb ekonomik\u00eb dhe social\u00eb t\u00eb tilla si, mungesa e mund\u00ebsive n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, pagat e ul\u00ebta, rritja e kostove t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs dhe perceptimi i nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmeje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb jasht\u00eb vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb kontekstin europian, fakti q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria e tejkalon disa her\u00eb mesataren e rajonit dhe t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb tregon nj\u00eb boshatisje t\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb aktive po p\u00ebrkthehet n\u00eb munges\u00eb fuqie pun\u00ebtore, plakje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe presion mbi sistemet e sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa vendet fqinje po arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsojn\u00eb ritmet e emigracionit p\u00ebrmes rritjes ekonomike, Shqip\u00ebria vazhdon t\u00eb humbas\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb saj drejt vendeve t\u00eb OECD-s\u00eb, kryesisht Italis\u00eb, Gjermanis\u00eb, Greqis\u00eb dhe Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar.<\/span><\/p>\n Ky tregues e kthen emigracionin n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga sfidat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha strukturore t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb shqiptare, me pasoja t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta n\u00eb produktivitet, konsum dhe zhvillimin afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n Motivi kryesor i emigracionit mbetet niveli i ul\u00ebt ekonomik. Paga mesatare n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb ende shum\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se n\u00eb vendet e destinacionit t\u00eb emigrant\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Itali, Gjermani dhe Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar.<\/span><\/p>\n Edhe pse ekonomia ka pasur rritje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb shifra, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs p\u00ebr shtresat e mesme dhe t\u00eb ul\u00ebta. \u00c7mimet e larta, qirat\u00eb e pap\u00ebrballueshme dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e kufizuara p\u00ebr pun\u00eb t\u00eb paguara mira kan\u00eb shtyr\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj dhe profesionist\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme jasht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb faktor tjet\u00ebr i fort\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e perspektiv\u00ebs dhe besimit te institucionet. Shum\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb e shohin emigrimin si m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur siguri ekonomike dhe sociale, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb perceptimit t\u00eb korrupsionit, munges\u00ebs s\u00eb meritokracis\u00eb dhe pasiguris\u00eb politike. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ndihen t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtuar nga vendimmarrja dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e zhvillimit profesional.<\/span><\/p>\n Gjithashtu shpopullimi strukturor lidhet me val\u00ebt e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb emigracionit: shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb emigruar vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, tani po t\u00ebrheqin familjar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrmes bashkimit familjar apo kontratave t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Kjo po krijon nj\u00eb efekt zinxhir, ku \u00e7do brez i ri e sheh emigrimin si rrug\u00eb t\u00eb natyrshme jetese.<\/span><\/p>\n Nga ana tjet\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet e dob\u00ebta publike, sidomos n\u00eb arsim dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi po b\u00ebhet shkak p\u00ebr emigrimin e shum\u00eb familjeve t\u00eb arsimuara, t\u00eb cilat largohen p\u00ebr tu ofruar f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre nj\u00eb arsim m\u00eb cil\u00ebsor dhe mund\u00ebsi karriere n\u00eb tregjet per\u00ebndimore.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00ebse k\u00ebto tendenca vazhdojn\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria rrezikon t\u00eb humbas\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb rritjen ekonomike dhe zhvillimin afatgjat\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n
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