{"id":767998,"date":"2025-10-27T19:18:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T18:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=767998"},"modified":"2025-10-27T19:18:40","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T18:18:40","slug":"767998","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2025\/10\/27\/767998\/","title":{"rendered":"ADN-ja e ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Napoleonit q\u00eb \u201cu zhduk\u00ebn\u201d n\u00eb Rusi hedh drit\u00eb mbi shkaqet e vdekjes","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Af\u00ebr fundit t\u00eb sundimit t\u00eb tij, perandori francez Napoleon Bonaparte udh\u00ebhoqi nj\u00eb ushtri prej mbi gjysm\u00eb milioni burrash n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar Rusin\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1812. Gjasht\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, pasi ushtria u detyrua t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej, vler\u00ebsohet se vet\u00ebm dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra prej ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb tij arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb Franc\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

E njohur si nj\u00eb nga luft\u00ebrat m\u00eb t\u00eb kushtueshme n\u00eb histori, vdekja e qindra mij\u00ebra ushtar\u00ebve i \u00ebsht\u00eb atribuar betej\u00ebs, si dhe uris\u00eb, t\u00eb ftohtit dhe nj\u00eb epidemie tifoje q\u00eb shp\u00ebrtheu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tani, studiuesit kan\u00eb gjetur prova n\u00eb mbetjet e ADN-s\u00eb s\u00eb ushtar\u00ebve se mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb shumta q\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruan ushtrin\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dy lloje bakteresh t\u00eb pa zbuluara m\u00eb par\u00eb. Studimi u botua t\u00eb premten n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Current Biology.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u00eb par\u00eb, ne thjesht mendonim se ishte nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje infektive ajo q\u00eb e shkat\u00ebrroi ushtrin\u00eb e Napoleonit, tifoja,\u201d<\/em> tha autori kryesor R\u00e9mi Barbieri, nj\u00eb ish-studiues postdoktoral n\u00eb Institutin Pasteur n\u00eb Paris, i cili aktualisht mban nj\u00eb pozicion postdoktoral n\u00eb Universitetin e Tartus n\u00eb Estoni. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, studiuesit gjet\u00ebn di\u00e7ka t\u00eb papritur, duke hapur der\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar potencialisht s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera infektive q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb vdekjet e ushtar\u00ebve, shtoi ai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studiuesit gjet\u00ebn patogjen\u00ebt – Salmonella enterica dhe Borrelia recurrentis, baktere q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb respektivisht ethen paratifoide dhe ethen e rikthyer – duke analizuar dh\u00ebmb\u00ebt e ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb u gjet\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb varr masiv zbuluar n\u00eb vitin 2001 n\u00eb Vilnius, Lituani.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjetjet e reja jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb japin nj\u00eb pamje m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb ngjarjeje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme historike, por ato theksojn\u00eb se si teknologjia ka avancuar dhe ka hapur der\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar rrethanat historike, thon\u00eb studiuesit.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKazani\u201d i s\u00ebmundjeve<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kur Napoleoni dhe trupat e tij arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Mosk\u00eb, ata nuk u prit\u00ebn nga ushtar\u00ebt rus\u00eb. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, qyteti ishte braktisur, me t\u00eb mbjellat q\u00eb ishin djegur dhe pa furnizime n\u00eb dispozicion. Me afrimin e muajve t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr t\u00eb dimrit, ushtria franceze u detyrua t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej, por jo pa u p\u00ebrballur me shum\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rickettsia pro\u00ebazekii, bakteri p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr tifon, u zbulua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb dh\u00ebmb\u00ebt e ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Napoleonit gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb vitit 2006, por ai k\u00ebrkim ishte i kufizuar nga teknologjia n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar n\u00ebse tifoja ishte shkaktari i vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr vdekjen e ushtar\u00ebve, autor\u00ebt e studimit t\u00eb ri p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn nj\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb njohur si sekuencimi me rendiment t\u00eb lart\u00eb (high-throughput sequencing), e cila mund t\u00eb sekuencoj\u00eb miliona fragmente ADN-je n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb. Kjo lejon q\u00eb t\u00eb identifikohet ADN-ja shum\u00eb e degraduar, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb fragmentet e gjenomit t\u00eb nxjerra nga mostrat m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 200 vje\u00e7are.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet vet\u00ebm me k\u00ebto pajisje q\u00eb jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb sekuencuar nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb lart\u00eb ADN-je,”<\/em> tha bashk\u00ebautori i studimit Nicol\u00e1s Rascovan, mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs i k\u00ebrkimit dhe kreu i Nj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Paleogjenomik\u00ebs Mikrobike n\u00eb Institut Pasteur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autor\u00ebt e studimit shqyrtuan 13 mostra dhe nuk gjet\u00ebn gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb tifos, por puna e tyre nuk i diskrediton gjetjet e studimit t\u00eb vitit 2006, theksuan studiuesit. Mostra e studimit \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu shum\u00eb e vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr t\u00eb ditur ndikimin e sakt\u00eb q\u00eb s\u00ebmundjet kishin n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb e Napoleonit.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ajo q\u00eb ndryshon me studimin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti se tani kemi prova t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vend ishin t\u00eb pranishme disa s\u00ebmundje infektive t\u00eb ndryshme,”<\/em> tha Rascovan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKa t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb q\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb s\u00ebmundje ishin n\u00eb loj\u00eb q\u00eb ende nuk jan\u00eb zbuluar<\/em>,\u201d shtoi ai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cecil Le\u00ebis, nj\u00eb studiues i ADN-s\u00eb s\u00eb lasht\u00eb q\u00eb studion mikrobiom\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore, tha se rezultatet nuk ishin ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht befasuese, por ai e quajti at\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribut kuptimplot\u00eb n\u00eb “kuptimin ton\u00eb t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Napoleonit.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Ethet paratifoide dhe ethet e rikthyera ekzistojn\u00eb ende sot por nuk jan\u00eb aq t\u00eb zakonshme apo aq vdekjeprur\u00ebse. Napoleoni i mbijetoi t\u00ebrheqjes, por ushtria e tij n\u00eb pak\u00ebsim kontribuoi p\u00ebrfundimisht n\u00eb r\u00ebnien e tij nga pushteti disa vite m\u00eb von\u00eb, shkruan CNN<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Af\u00ebr fundit t\u00eb sundimit t\u00eb tij, perandori francez Napoleon Bonaparte udh\u00ebhoqi nj\u00eb ushtri prej mbi gjysm\u00eb milioni burrash n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar Rusin\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1812. Gjasht\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, pasi ushtria u detyrua t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqej, vler\u00ebsohet se vet\u00ebm dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra prej ushtar\u00ebve t\u00eb tij arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb Franc\u00eb. E njohur si […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":767999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-767998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fast-foodi"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/767998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=767998"}],"version-history":[{"count":99999,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/767998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":768001,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/767998\/revisions\/768001"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/767999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=767998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=767998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=767998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}