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Nga Christina Larson, Adithi Ramakrishnan dhe Jamey Keaten \u2013 Associated Press<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa administrata Trump ka shkurtuar miliarda dollar\u00eb nga fondet federale p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin shkencor, mij\u00ebra shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA kan\u00eb humbur vendet e pun\u00ebs apo grantet e tyre, qeverit\u00eb e huaja e universitetet n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn e kan\u00eb par\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb si nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi.<\/span><\/p>\n Programi \u201cCanada Leads\u201d, i nisur n\u00eb prill, synon t\u00eb nxis\u00eb brezin e ardhsh\u00ebm t\u00eb inovator\u00ebve duke sjell\u00eb studiues t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e biomedicin\u00ebs drejt Kanadas\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Universiteti Aix-Marseille n\u00eb Franc\u00eb ka lan\u00e7uar n\u00eb mars programin \u201cSafe Place for Science\u201d, duke premtuar se do t\u00eb mir\u00ebpres\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt me baz\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA q\u00eb “mund t\u00eb ndihen t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar apo t\u00eb penguar n\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin e tyre”.<\/span><\/p>\n Australia, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrmes programit t\u00eb shpallur n\u00eb prill \u201cGlobal Talent Attraction Program\u201d, ofron paga konkurruese dhe paketa zhvendosjeje.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cN\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb po ndodh n\u00eb SHBA\u201d,<\/em> tha Anna-Maria Arabia, drejtore e Akademis\u00eb Australiane t\u00eb Shkencave, \u201cpo shohim nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb paprecedent\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr disa nga mendjet m\u00eb t\u00eb ndritura k\u00ebtu.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Q\u00eb nga Lufta e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, SHBA ka investuar sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha fondesh n\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin shkencor n\u00eb universitete t\u00eb pavarura dhe agjenci federale.<\/span><\/p>\n Kjo ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb SHBA t\u00eb b\u00ebhet fuqia m\u00eb e madhe shkencore n\u00eb bot\u00eb, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb shpikjen e telefonave celular\u00eb, internetit, si dhe metodave t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr trajtimin e kancerit, s\u00ebmundjeve t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs dhe goditjeve n\u00eb tru, theksoi Holden Thorp, kryeredaktor i revist\u00ebs Science<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Goditje e madhe p\u00ebr sistemin amerikan<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Por sot ky sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb tronditur. Q\u00eb nga marrja e detyr\u00ebs n\u00eb janar, administrata e presidentit Donald Trump ka argumentuar se fondet federale p\u00ebr shkenc\u00ebn jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrdoruar apo jan\u00eb joefikase, duke nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb shkurtime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb buxhetet dhe stafin e Akademis\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shkencave, Institutit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb (NIH), NASA-s dhe agjencive t\u00eb tjera \u2013 si dhe ka shkurtuar fondet p\u00ebr disa universitete private.<\/span><\/p>\n Propozimi buxhetor i Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb Bardh\u00eb p\u00ebr vitin e ardhsh\u00ebm k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb shkurtoj\u00eb buxhetin e NIH me rreth 40% dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb Fondacionit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Shkenc\u00ebs me 55%.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cS\u00eb pari po shqyrtojm\u00eb projektet e administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb m\u00ebparshme, po identifikojm\u00eb shp\u00ebrdorimet dhe po riorientojm\u00eb shpenzimet p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimin shkencor n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me prioritetet e popullit amerikan dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur dominimin ton\u00eb inovativ,\u201d<\/em> tha z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi i Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb Bardh\u00eb, Kush Desai.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, disa universitete tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb pezulluar pun\u00ebsimet, kan\u00eb pushuar stafin apo kan\u00eb ndaluar pranimin e student\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb ciklit t\u00eb tret\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00eb enjten, administrata Trump revokoi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e Universitetit t\u00eb Harvardit p\u00ebr t\u00eb regjistruar student\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse nj\u00eb gjyqtar vendosi pezullimin e vendimit.<\/span><\/p>\n Institucionet k\u00ebrkimore jasht\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb po i ndjekin me shqet\u00ebsim zhvillimet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimet me koleg\u00eb amerikan\u00eb \u2013 por gjithashtu po i shohin si mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb rekrutuar talente.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cKa k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime p\u00ebr shkenc\u00ebn… n\u00eb jug t\u00eb kufirit,\u201d<\/em> tha Brad Wouters nga University Health Network, qendra m\u00eb e madhe k\u00ebrkimore n\u00eb mjek\u00ebsi n\u00eb Kanada, e cila ka nisur fushat\u00ebn \u201cCanada Leads\u201d. \u201cKa nj\u00eb rezervuar t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb talentesh q\u00eb po preken nga ky moment.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Premtimi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb sigurt p\u00ebr shkenc\u00ebn<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Universitetet n\u00eb bot\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb rekrutojn\u00eb talente nga nj\u00ebri-tjetri, nj\u00ebsoj si kompanit\u00eb teknologjike. Por ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb se shum\u00eb rekrutues po premtojn\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb tani shihet si e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar: liria akademike.<\/span><\/p>\n Presidentja e Komisionit Europian, Ursula von der Leyen, tha k\u00ebt\u00eb muaj se Bashkimi Evropian synon t\u00eb \u201cgarantoj\u00eb lirin\u00eb e k\u00ebrkimit shkencor n\u00eb ligj\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n Ajo e tha k\u00ebt\u00eb gjat\u00eb nisjes s\u00eb fushat\u00ebs \u201cZgjidh Europ\u00ebn p\u00ebr Shkenc\u00ebn\u201d \u2013 nj\u00eb iniciativ\u00eb e planifikuar p\u00ebrpara shkurtimeve amerikane, por q\u00eb tani po p\u00ebrfiton nga momenti.<\/span><\/p>\n Presidenti i Universitetit Aix-Marseille, Eric Berton, shprehu nj\u00eb mendim t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm kur nisi programin \u201cSafe Place for Science\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cKoleg\u00ebt tan\u00eb amerikan\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr para,\u201d<\/em> tha ai p\u00ebr aplikant\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAjo q\u00eb duan mbi t\u00eb gjitha \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin e tyre dhe q\u00eb liria akademike t\u00eb ruhet.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Ende her\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur p\u00ebr \u201cikje truri\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb ende her\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se sa shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb do t\u00eb vendosin t\u00eb largohen nga SHBA. Do t\u00eb duhen muaj p\u00ebr t\u00eb shqyrtuar aplikimet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndar\u00eb fondet, dhe m\u00eb gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvendosur jet\u00ebn e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, disa institucione t\u00eb huaja po raportojn\u00eb interes t\u00eb lart\u00eb nga SHBA. Gati gjysma e aplikimeve p\u00ebr programin \u201cSafe Place for Science\u201d \u2013 139 nga 300 \u2013 vijn\u00eb nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb SHBA, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb studiues t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale dhe astrofizikan\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb Franc\u00eb, aplikimet nga SHBA p\u00ebr Institutin e Gjenetik\u00ebs, Biologjis\u00eb Molekulare dhe Qelizore jan\u00eb dyfishuar n\u00eb krahasim me vitin e kaluar.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb Gjermani, shoq\u00ebria Max Planck raportoi q\u00eb programi \u201cLise Meitner\u201d \u2013 p\u00ebr studiuese t\u00eb reja \u2013 ka t\u00ebrhequr trefishin e aplikimeve nga SHBA n\u00eb krahasim me vitin e kaluar.<\/span><\/p>\n Edhe rekrutues privat\u00eb po shohin nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme.<\/span><\/p>\n Natalie Derry, partnere n\u00eb \u201cWittKieffer\u201d n\u00eb Britanin\u00eb e Madhe, tha se aplikimet nga SHBA jan\u00eb rritur me 25%-35%. \u201cKur kontaktojm\u00eb studiues amerikan\u00eb, po marrim nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb interesimi se zakonisht,\u201d tha ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n Por ka edhe pengesa praktike: gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb huaja, kujdes p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt apo prind\u00ebrit, si dhe ndryshime n\u00eb sistemet e pensioneve.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Lidhjet me komunitetin<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Brandon Coventry nuk kishte menduar kurr\u00eb se do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonte nj\u00eb karrier\u00eb shkencore jasht\u00eb SHBA. Por shkurtimet e fondeve dhe pasiguria p\u00ebr grantet e reja e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb mendoj\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Megjith\u00ebse e ka t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb largohet nga familja dhe miqt\u00eb, ai ka aplikuar p\u00ebr pozicione n\u00eb Kanada dhe Franc\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cNuk kam dashur kurr\u00eb t\u00eb largohem nga SHBA, por kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb serioze p\u00ebr mua,\u201d tha Coventry, studiues pasdoktoral n\u00eb Universitetin e Wisconsin-Madison.<\/span><\/p>\n Por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00ebsh nj\u00eb karrier\u00eb shkencore \u2013 dhe aq m\u00eb pak nj\u00eb jet\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Marianna Zhang, q\u00eb po studionte zhvillimin e stereotipeve racore dhe gjinore tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb Universitetin e Nju Jorkut, humbi grantin e saj nga NSF.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cM\u2019u duk sikur Amerika nuk ishte m\u00eb e interesuar t\u00eb studionte \u00e7\u00ebshtje si ajo q\u00eb un\u00eb punoja,\u201d<\/em> tha ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb \u201cik\u00ebsh thjesht p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend tjet\u00ebr\u201d, shtoi ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nj\u00eb boshll\u00ebk global<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa universitetet po mendojn\u00eb t\u00eb rekrutojn\u00eb talente nga SHBA, dominon m\u00eb shum\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimi sesa g\u00ebzimi p\u00ebr k\u00ebto zhvillime.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cShkenca \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje globale,\u201d<\/em> tha Patrick Cramer nga Shoq\u00ebria Max Planck, duke theksuar se t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat dhe zbulimet shpesh ndahen mes bashk\u00ebpunimeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb nga q\u00ebllimet e k\u00ebtyre fushatave \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb parandalohet humbja e talenteve p\u00ebr komunitetin shkencor global\u201d, tha ai.<\/span><\/p>\n Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb se mbyllja e bashk\u00ebpunimeve dhe rrjeteve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cSHBA gjithmon\u00eb ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull, si n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb ashtu edhe n\u00eb arsim,\u201d<\/em> tha Patrick Schultz, drejtori i Institutit francez t\u00eb Gjenetik\u00ebs, Biologjis\u00eb Molekulare dhe Qelizore. \u201cPrandaj k\u00ebto shkurtimet jan\u00eb shum\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese p\u00ebr ne, sepse ishin nj\u00eb shembull p\u00ebr gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n