{"id":731919,"date":"2025-03-25T11:07:59","date_gmt":"2025-03-25T10:07:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=731919"},"modified":"2025-03-25T11:21:53","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T10:21:53","slug":"lufta-globale-shba-kine-per-mineralet-e-rralla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2025\/03\/25\/lufta-globale-shba-kine-per-mineralet-e-rralla\/","title":{"rendered":"Lufta globale SHBA-Kin\u00eb p\u00ebr mineralet e rralla","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Presidenti Trump d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb mineralet q\u00eb i duhen SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr gjith\u00e7ka, nga telefonat inteligjent\u00eb te avion\u00ebt luftarak\u00eb, duke arritur marr\u00ebveshje n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, Groenland\u00eb, madje edhe n\u00eb Rusi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por edhe n\u00ebse administrata Trump siguron m\u00eb shum\u00eb miniera p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb amerikane p\u00ebrmes marr\u00ebveshjeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e mineraleve q\u00eb po diskutohet me Ukrain\u00ebn, mund t’i duhet t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb mineraleve n\u00eb Kin\u00eb – rivali i saj kryesor gjeopolitik – p\u00ebr t’u p\u00ebrpunuar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shembull kryesor i k\u00ebtij rebusi jan\u00eb mineralet e rralla, nj\u00eb grup l\u00ebn\u00ebdsh t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura p\u00ebr sistemet e mbrojtjes q\u00eb presidenti amerikan ka th\u00ebn\u00eb se jan\u00eb fokusi i marr\u00ebveshjeve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ne kemi shum\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr minerale t\u00eb rralla. Ukraina ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb tilla n\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe,”<\/em> tha Trump p\u00ebrpara nj\u00eb takimi t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb kabinetit.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, SHBA-ja tashm\u00eb ka furnizime t\u00eb bollshme me minerale t\u00eb rralla, por mb\u00ebshtetet te Kina p\u00ebr t’i p\u00ebrpunuar ato. Kjo p\u00ebr shkak se SHBA-ja ka humbur nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb aft\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar minerale, nd\u00ebrsa Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuesi mbizot\u00ebrues n\u00eb bot\u00eb i mineraleve t\u00eb rralla, kobaltit, bakrit dhe shum\u00eb metaleve t\u00eb tjera.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wall Street Journal raportoi se Republika Demokratike e Kongos i ka ofruar SHBA-s\u00eb qasje n\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi mineralesh, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kobaltin dhe bakrin, n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb mposhtur nj\u00eb forc\u00eb rebele brenda vendit. Por nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje e till\u00eb ngre pyetjen se ku do p\u00ebrpunoheshin k\u00ebto minerale.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb fjalimi t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt n\u00eb Kongres n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij muaji, Trump tha se kishte planifikuar nj\u00eb “veprim historik p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjeruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb madhe prodhimin e mineraleve t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e t\u00eb rralla” n\u00eb SHBA. Jav\u00ebn e kaluar ai n\u00ebnshkroi nj\u00eb urdh\u00ebr ekzekutiv p\u00ebr t\u00eb thjeshtuar lejet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur financimin e qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr projektet e reja minerare vendase, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb objektet e p\u00ebrpunimit.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPresidenti Trump ka qen\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh i p\u00ebrkushtuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7liruar t\u00eb gjitha burimet natyrore t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga Zoti, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mineralet jetike\u201d<\/em>, tha z\u00ebvend\u00ebssekretarja e shtypit e Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb Bardh\u00eb, Anna Kelly.<\/span><\/p>\n

Humbja e kapacitetit amerikan t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit ndaj Kin\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb shembull sesi deindustrializimi i SHBA-s\u00eb po favorizon rivalin e saj kryesor gjeopolitik. Shtetet e Bashkuara kan\u00eb ndaluar prodhimin e mallrave kryesore, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kontejner\u00ebt, disa p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs farmaceutik\u00eb dhe disa vegla makinerie, pasi ato u b\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lira dhe m\u00eb efikase p\u00ebr t’u prodhuar jasht\u00eb vendit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Kin\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastin e mineraleve t\u00eb rralla, SHBA nxjerr n\u00eb minierat e saj rreth 12% t\u00eb furnizimit t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, duke e l\u00ebn\u00eb at\u00eb vet\u00ebm pas Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, sipas Sh\u00ebrbimit Gjeologjik t\u00eb Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara. Shumica e mineraleve vjen nga nj\u00eb depozit\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb minier\u00ebn Mountain Pass n\u00eb Kaliforni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por SHBA-ja eksporton rreth dy t\u00eb tretat e mineraleve t\u00eb rralla n\u00eb Kin\u00eb. Ajo ka pak zgjedhje: Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr rreth 85% t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb mineraleve t\u00eb rralla n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Kompanit\u00eb kineze m\u00eb pas e kthejn\u00eb mineralin n\u00eb produktin p\u00ebrfundimtar \u2013 magnete me minerale t\u00eb rralla – dhe i eksportojn\u00eb magnetet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb SHBA.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, SHBA-ja d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb furnizimeve t\u00eb saj t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb bakrit n\u00eb Kin\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunim. Edhe miniera e vetme e nikelit e Amerik\u00ebs d\u00ebrgon koncentratin e saj t\u00eb nikelit jasht\u00eb vendit n\u00eb Kanada p\u00ebr shkrirje.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ajo e ashtuquajtur pjes\u00eb e p\u00ebrpunimit dhe rafinimit t\u00eb xeheve n\u00eb kimikate dhe metale \u00ebsht\u00eb me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme dhe e mbizot\u00ebruar nga Kina,”<\/em> tha Morgan Bazilian, drejtor i Institutit Payne n\u00eb Shkoll\u00ebn e Minierave n\u00eb Kolorado.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Deri n\u00eb vitet 1990, SHBA ishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpunues kryesor i mineraleve dhe metaleve. Por m\u00eb pas Kina u shfaq si lojtari mbizot\u00ebrues, e fuqizuar nga fuqia e saj e lir\u00eb e pun\u00ebs dhe rregulloret m\u00eb t\u00eb lira mjedisore t\u00eb nj\u00eb sektori q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb ndot\u00ebs. Nevoja e pangopur e prodhuesve kinez\u00eb p\u00ebr l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb para gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb rritjes shp\u00ebrthyese t\u00eb vendit ishte gjithashtu nj\u00eb ndihm\u00eb p\u00ebr rafinerit\u00eb kinez\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sot, shkalla e madhe e industris\u00eb s\u00eb rafinimit t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs e b\u00ebn t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt t\u00eb konkurrojn\u00eb. Sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb industris\u00eb, kostoja e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb fabrike rafinerie n\u00eb Kin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb e treta e kostos n\u00eb SHBA.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mbizot\u00ebrimi i Kin\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur edhe m\u00eb tej vitet e fundit. Gjasht\u00eb rafiner\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb kobaltit n\u00eb bot\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kinez\u00eb dhe pjesa e vendit n\u00eb kobaltin e rafinuar n\u00eb bot\u00eb – i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr pajisjet mbrojt\u00ebse dhe baterit\u00eb – u rrit nga 65% n\u00eb 2018 n\u00eb 83% n\u00eb 2024, sipas Darton Commodities, nj\u00eb kompani tregtare kobalti. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, kompanit\u00eb kineze tani mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e nikelit pasi ngrit\u00ebn fabrika t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Indonezi, miniera m\u00eb e mir\u00eb e nikelit n\u00eb bot\u00eb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Administrata Trump koh\u00ebt e fundit tha se kapaciteti i rafinimit t\u00eb bakrit t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb mbetet pas Kin\u00ebs dhe nisi nj\u00eb hetim se si importet e metalit k\u00ebrc\u00ebnojn\u00eb sigurin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00ebn ish-presidentin Joe Biden, SHBA-ja dha qindra milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb financime p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb me baz\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur p\u00ebrpunimin e mineraleve t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Por shum\u00eb projekte jan\u00eb penguar nga \u00e7\u00ebshtjet mjedisore dhe t\u00eb lejeve, si dhe nga v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb konkurruar me mineralet kineze me \u00e7mime t\u00eb ul\u00ebta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb fabrik\u00eb e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb nikelit q\u00eb synohej t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohej n\u00eb Minesota, pran\u00eb nj\u00eb miniere nikeli n\u00eb zhvillim, u zhvendos n\u00eb Dakot\u00ebn e Veriut p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimeve lokale n\u00eb lidhje me ndikimin mjedisor t\u00eb uzin\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edhe pse qeveria e SHBA-s\u00eb premtoi 114 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2022 p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb funksion fabrik\u00ebn e Dakot\u00ebs s\u00eb Veriut, as uzina dhe as miniera e Minesot\u00ebs nuk kan\u00eb filluar nd\u00ebrtimin. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, nj\u00eb rritje e prodhimit kinez t\u00eb nikelit n\u00eb Indonezi ka ulur \u00e7mimin e metalit, duke d\u00ebmtuar perspektivat p\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb reja.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs i Talon Metals, kompania q\u00eb zhvillon minier\u00ebn dhe fabrik\u00ebn e p\u00ebrpunimit, tha se t\u00eb dy projektet po ecin drejt dh\u00ebnies s\u00eb lejeve dhe ai shpresonte se urdhri i ri ekzekutiv i Trump mund t’i p\u00ebrshpejtonte gj\u00ebrat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mineralet e rralla<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb fokus kryesor i qeveris\u00eb amerikane n\u00eb vitet e fundit kan\u00eb qen\u00eb mineralet e rralla, t\u00eb cilat nevojiten p\u00ebr prodhimin e avion\u00ebve luftarak\u00eb F-35, dron\u00ebve dhe n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve b\u00ebrthamore. SHBA ishte nj\u00eb lojtar kryesor n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb industri p\u00ebrpara se konkurrenca kineze t\u00eb zbrazte sektorin. Gjat\u00eb pes\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit, qeveria amerikane ka shpallur qindra miliona dollar\u00eb financime p\u00ebr t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar fabrikat e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb mineraleve t\u00eb rralla dhe fabrikat q\u00eb prodhojn\u00eb magnete t\u00eb mineraleve t\u00eb rralla.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb nga p\u00ebrpjekjet m\u00eb ambicioze, Lynas Rare Earths, nj\u00eb kompani australiane, mori 258 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb financim nga Pentagoni n\u00eb vitin 2023 p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb mineraleve t\u00eb rralla n\u00eb Teksas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pothuajse dy vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, projekti nuk ka filluar ende nd\u00ebrtimin, i vonuar pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb lidhen me trajtimin e uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb zeza. Kompania mund t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb riprojektoj\u00eb fabrik\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar lejet.<\/span><\/p>\n

MP Materials, kompania me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Las Vegas q\u00eb ka operuar minier\u00ebn Mountain Pass q\u00eb nga viti 2017, po largohet dal\u00ebngadal\u00eb nga rafinimi kinez. Gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit, kompania ka nd\u00ebrtuar objekte p\u00ebrpunimi, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nj\u00eb fabrik\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur nga Pentagoni q\u00eb kryen pun\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrlikuar t\u00eb shoshitjes s\u00eb mineraleve m\u00eb t\u00eb vlefshme q\u00eb do p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb prodhimin e magneteve.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb janar, kompania tha se kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb hap tjet\u00ebr vendimtar, duke filluar prodhimin tregtar t\u00eb metaleve t\u00eb rralla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hapi tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr kompanin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb produktin p\u00ebrfundimtar – magnete nga mineralet e rralla – n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb tregtare. Ajo shpreson ta b\u00ebj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit, kur do filloj\u00eb d\u00ebrgimin e magneteve te General Motors si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeje furnizimi. Nd\u00ebrsa rreth dy t\u00eb tretat e koncentratit t\u00eb mineraleve t\u00eb rralla t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb d\u00ebrgohet ende n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, kompania po rrit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme p\u00ebrpunimin n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE<\/strong><\/span>: Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e WSJ<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti p\u00ebr Hashtag.al,<\/span> Klodian Manjani<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Presidenti Trump d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb mineralet q\u00eb i duhen SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr gjith\u00e7ka, nga telefonat inteligjent\u00eb te avion\u00ebt luftarak\u00eb, duke arritur marr\u00ebveshje n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, Groenland\u00eb, madje edhe n\u00eb Rusi. Por edhe n\u00ebse administrata Trump siguron m\u00eb shum\u00eb miniera p\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb amerikane p\u00ebrmes marr\u00ebveshjeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e mineraleve q\u00eb po diskutohet me Ukrain\u00ebn, mund t’i duhet […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":731922,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-731919","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ballina"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/731919","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=731919"}],"version-history":[{"count":99999,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/731919\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":731932,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/731919\/revisions\/731932"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/731922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=731919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=731919"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=731919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}