{"id":728632,"date":"2025-03-06T20:38:30","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T19:38:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=728632"},"modified":"2025-03-06T20:48:40","modified_gmt":"2025-03-06T19:48:40","slug":"perpjekja-titanike-per-zberthimin-e-shkrimit-te-lashte-ai-qe-deshifron-kodin-fiton-1-milion-dollare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2025\/03\/06\/perpjekja-titanike-per-zberthimin-e-shkrimit-te-lashte-ai-qe-deshifron-kodin-fiton-1-milion-dollare\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrpjekja titanike p\u00ebr zb\u00ebrthimin e shkrimit t\u00eb lasht\u00eb, ai q\u00eb deshifron kodin fiton 1 milion dollar\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb peshk n\u00ebn nj\u00eb \u00e7ati. Nj\u00eb figur\u00eb pa kok\u00eb. Nj\u00eb seri linjash q\u00eb duken si nj\u00eb grabuj\u00eb kopshti.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebto simbole jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb shkrimi krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb padeshifruar nga nj\u00eb qytet\u00ebrim i sofistikuar i lasht\u00eb mij\u00ebravje\u00e7ar. Dhe ato mbeten nj\u00eb mister q\u00eb ka ndezur debate t\u00eb nxehta, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime me vdekje ndaj studiuesve dhe \u00e7mime n\u00eb para p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgjigjen e lakmuar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7mimi i fundit i till\u00eb u ofrua muajin e kaluar nga kryeministri i nj\u00eb shteti indian: 1 milion dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebdo q\u00eb mund t\u00eb dekodoj\u00eb skenarin e qytet\u00ebrimit t\u00eb Lugin\u00ebs Indus, q\u00eb shtrihej n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb tani \u00ebsht\u00eb Pakistani dhe India veriore.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Nj\u00eb pyetje v\u00ebrtet e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb lidhje me parahistorin\u00eb e Azis\u00eb Jugore mund t\u00eb zgjidhet n\u00ebse ne jemi n\u00eb gjendje ta deshifrojm\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht simbolet,”<\/em> tha Rajesh P. N. Rao, nj\u00eb profesor i Shkencave Kompjuterike n\u00eb Universitetin e Uashingtonit, i cili ka punuar n\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse deshifrohet, shkrimi mund t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb nj\u00eb paraqitje t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimi t\u00eb epok\u00ebs s\u00eb bronzit q\u00eb besohet se rivalizonte Egjiptin e lasht\u00eb dhe Mesopotamin\u00eb. Disa besojn\u00eb se ky domen i madh mbante miliona njer\u00ebz, me qytete q\u00eb mburreshin me planifikim urban t\u00eb avancuar, nj\u00ebsi mat\u00ebse t\u00eb standardizuara dhe rrug\u00eb t\u00eb gjera tregtare.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

<\/span> Nj\u00eb vul\u00eb guri e mbishkruar me shkrimin e Lugin\u00ebs Indus dhe q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan nj\u00eb rinoceront indian, e gjetur n\u00eb Mohenjo-daro<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Ndoshta m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen e pyetjeve themelore se kush ishin njer\u00ebzit e Lugin\u00ebs Indus dhe pasardh\u00ebsit e tyre – nj\u00eb debat politikisht i mbushur me rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt e diskutueshme t\u00eb Indis\u00eb moderne dhe banor\u00ebve t\u00eb saj indigjen\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Cilido grup q\u00eb po p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb pretendoj\u00eb se qytet\u00ebrimi do pretendonte se ata ishin nd\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00ebt q\u00eb kishin planifikim urban, k\u00ebt\u00eb tregti t\u00eb mahnitshme dhe po lundronin n\u00eb dete p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb tregti globale,”<\/em> tha Rao.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb deshifrohet?<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse skenari ka mbetur i pazgjidhur q\u00eb nga botimi i mostrave t\u00eb tij m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme n\u00eb 1875, ne dim\u00eb pak p\u00ebr vet\u00eb kultur\u00ebn e Lugin\u00ebs Indus, fal\u00eb g\u00ebrmimeve arkeologjike t\u00eb qyteteve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha si Mohenjo-daro, q\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb tani \u00ebsht\u00eb provinca Sindh e Pakistanit, rreth 510 kilometra n\u00eb verilindje t\u00eb Kara\u00e7it.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebto qytete u projektuan p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi rrjeti si qyteti i Nju Jorkut ose Barcelona, \u200b\u200bdhe ishin t\u00eb pajisura me sisteme kullimi dhe menaxhimi t\u00eb ujit – ve\u00e7ori t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb at\u00eb pik\u00eb ishin \u201ct\u00eb pashembullta n\u00eb histori\u201d, thuhet n\u00eb nj\u00eb dokument.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjat\u00eb mij\u00ebvje\u00e7arit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb tret\u00eb para Krishtit, tregtar\u00ebt Indus tregtonin me njer\u00ebz n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Gjirin Persik dhe Lindjen e Mesme, me anijet e tyre q\u00eb sillnin shufra bakri, perla, er\u00ebza dhe fildish. Ata punuan bizhuteri ari dhe argjendi dhe nd\u00ebrtuan vendbanime dhe koloni t\u00eb larg\u00ebta.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimisht rreth vitit 1800 para Krishtit – m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1000 vjet para lindjes s\u00eb Rom\u00ebs s\u00eb lasht\u00eb – qytet\u00ebrimi u shemb dhe njer\u00ebzit emigruan n\u00eb fshatra m\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl. Disa besojn\u00eb se ndryshimi i klim\u00ebs ishte faktori nxit\u00ebs, me d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb that\u00ebsirave t\u00eb gjata, ndryshimit t\u00eb temperaturave dhe reshjeve t\u00eb paparashikueshme q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kishin d\u00ebmtuar bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb shekujt e fundit, shkruan CNN<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

<\/span> Ky ilustrim tregon nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtese banimi nga Mohenjo-daro e qytet\u00ebrimit Indus<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Por ajo q\u00eb dim\u00eb p\u00ebr qytet\u00ebrimin Indus \u00ebsht\u00eb e kufizuar n\u00eb krahasim me pasurin\u00eb e informacionit t\u00eb disponuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit e tij, si Egjipti i lasht\u00eb, Mesopotamia dhe Majat. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shkrimit t\u00eb padeshifruar, i cili u gjet n\u00eb objekte t\u00eb tilla si qeramik\u00eb dhe vula guri.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka disa arsye q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb kaq e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u deshifruar. S\u00eb pari, nuk ka shum\u00eb artefakte p\u00ebr t’u analizuar – arkeolog\u00ebt kan\u00eb gjetur vet\u00ebm rreth 4000 mbishkrime, krahasuar me rreth 5 milion\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn egjiptiane t\u00eb lasht\u00eb, e cila p\u00ebrfshin hieroglife dhe variante t\u00eb tjera.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb nga ato relike t\u00eb Indus jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, shpesh vula guri me p\u00ebrmasa vet\u00ebm 2 centimetra katror – q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se shkrimi n\u00eb to \u00ebsht\u00eb i shkurt\u00ebr, shumica e sekuencave p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb vet\u00ebm kat\u00ebr ose pes\u00eb simbole.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, nuk ka ende nj\u00eb objekt dygjuh\u00ebsh q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban shkrimin e Lugin\u00ebs Indus dhe p\u00ebrkthimin e tij n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, si\u00e7 b\u00ebn Guri i Rozet\u00ebs p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn egjiptiane t\u00eb lasht\u00eb dhe greqishten e lasht\u00eb. Dhe ne nuk kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tilla si emrat e sundimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb njohur t\u00eb Indusit q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb zb\u00ebrthimin e shkrimit – m\u00ebnyra se si emrat e Kleopatr\u00ebs dhe Ptolemeut ndihmuan n\u00eb Egjiptin e lasht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka disa gj\u00ebra p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat ekspert\u00ebt pajtohen kryesisht. Shumica besojn\u00eb se skenari \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar nga e djathta n\u00eb t\u00eb majt\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb spekulojn\u00eb se ai \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime fetare dhe ekonomike, t\u00eb tilla si sh\u00ebnimi i artikujve p\u00ebr tregti. Madje ka disa interpretime t\u00eb shenjave p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat bien dakord shum\u00eb ekspert\u00eb – p\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb figur\u00eb shkopi pa kok\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb person.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, derisa t\u00eb gjendet nj\u00eb i barasvlersh\u00ebm me Gurin e Rozet\u00ebs, k\u00ebto mbeten teori t\u00eb paprovuara. “Asnj\u00eb nj\u00ebz\u00ebshm\u00ebri nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur as p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjet themelore,”<\/em> shkruanin ekspert\u00ebt e Indus Jagat Pati Joshi dhe Asko Parpola n\u00eb nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr t\u00eb vitit 1987 q\u00eb katalogonte qindra vula dhe mbishkrime.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edhe dekada m\u00eb von\u00eb, “asnj\u00eb shenj\u00eb e vetme nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb deshifruar ende”, tha Nisha Yadav, nj\u00eb studiues n\u00eb Institutin Tata t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimeve Themelore n\u00eb Mumbai, i cili ka punuar me Rao n\u00eb projekt dhe ka studiuar skenarin p\u00ebr gati 20 vjet.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

<\/span> Banja e Madhe, nj\u00eb nga strukturat m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura t\u00eb sitit arkeologjik Mohenjo-Daro<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

P\u00ebr disa njer\u00ebz, zgjidhja e skenarit nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb vet\u00ebm me kuriozitetin intelektual ose studimin akademik – \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pyetje ekzistenciale me rrezikshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo p\u00ebr shkak se ata besojn\u00eb se mund t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb polemik\u00ebn se kush ishin sakt\u00ebsisht njer\u00ebzit Indus dhe n\u00eb cil\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb rrodhi emigrimi, brenda ose jasht\u00eb Indis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka dy grupe kryesore q\u00eb konkurrojn\u00eb duke pretenduar qytet\u00ebrimin Indus. Nj\u00eb grup argumenton se shkrimi ka lidhje me gjuh\u00ebt indo-evropiane, si sanskritishtja e lasht\u00eb, e cila krijoi shum\u00eb gjuh\u00eb q\u00eb fliten tani n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Indin\u00eb veriore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shumica e studiuesve besojn\u00eb se emigrant\u00ebt arian\u00eb nga Azia Qendrore soll\u00ebn gjuh\u00eb indo-evropiane n\u00eb Indi. Por ky grup argumenton se ishte anasjelltas \u2013 se sanskritishtja dhe t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit e saj e kishin origjin\u00ebn n\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimin e Lugin\u00ebs Indus dhe u p\u00ebrhap\u00ebn drejt Evrop\u00ebs, tha Rao.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pastaj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb grup i dyt\u00eb q\u00eb beson se shkrimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me familjen e gjuh\u00ebve dravidiane q\u00eb tani flitet kryesisht n\u00eb gjith\u00eb Indin\u00eb Jugore – duke sugjeruar se gjuh\u00ebt dravidiane ishin fillimisht kryesore, t\u00eb folura gjer\u00ebsisht n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rajonin p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb shtyheshin nga ardhja e arian\u00ebve n\u00eb veri.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

<\/span> Shum\u00eb vula kishin k\u00ebt\u00eb motiv t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar shpesh si nj\u00ebbrir\u00ebsh, megjith\u00ebse t\u00eb tjer\u00eb pretendojn\u00eb se ishte nj\u00eb dem<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

J.K. Stalin, kreu i shtetit jugor t\u00eb Tamil Nadus q\u00eb ofron \u00e7mimin prej 1 milion dollar\u00ebsh, \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr ata q\u00eb besojn\u00eb se gjuha Indus ishte nj\u00eb paraardh\u00ebs dravidian – t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Rao e p\u00ebrshkroi si teorin\u00eb m\u00eb \u201ctradicionale\u201d, megjith\u00ebse ka studiues t\u00eb respektuar nga t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pastaj ka disa si eksperti i Indusit, Iravatham Mahadevan, i cili argumentoi se ka pak kuptim n\u00eb debat pasi dallimi midis arian\u00ebve verior\u00eb dhe dravidian\u00ebve jugor\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithsesi i qart\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNuk ka popull dravidian apo popull arian – ashtu si pakistanez\u00ebt dhe indian\u00ebt jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm racialisht\u201d<\/em>, tha ai n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb t\u00eb vitit 1998.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ne t\u00eb dy jemi produkt i nj\u00eb periudhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb martesash t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera, ka pasur emigrime…Tani nuk mund t\u00eb ndani racialisht asnj\u00eb element t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb indiane.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb bised\u00eb TED t\u00eb vitit 2011, Rao tha se mori pastime urrejtjeje pasi publikoi disa nga gjetjet e tij. Studiues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar marrjen e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve me vdekje – duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Steve Farmer, i cili s\u00eb bashku me koleg\u00ebt e tij mahnit\u00ebn bot\u00ebn akademike n\u00eb 2004 duke argumentuar se shkrimi Indus nuk p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson fare nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb, por \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb grup simbolesh si ato q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb shenjat moderne t\u00eb trafikut.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nj\u00eb peshk n\u00ebn nj\u00eb \u00e7ati. Nj\u00eb figur\u00eb pa kok\u00eb. Nj\u00eb seri linjash q\u00eb duken si nj\u00eb grabuj\u00eb kopshti. K\u00ebto simbole jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb shkrimi krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb padeshifruar nga nj\u00eb qytet\u00ebrim i sofistikuar i lasht\u00eb mij\u00ebravje\u00e7ar. Dhe ato mbeten nj\u00eb mister q\u00eb ka ndezur debate t\u00eb nxehta, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime me vdekje ndaj studiuesve dhe \u00e7mime n\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":728635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-728632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fast-foodi"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/728632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=728632"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/728632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":728641,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/728632\/revisions\/728641"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/728635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=728632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=728632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=728632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}