{"id":720511,"date":"2025-01-22T07:20:47","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T06:20:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=720511"},"modified":"2025-01-22T07:20:47","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T06:20:47","slug":"vrojtimi-40-e-fermave-te-kafsheve-ne-shqiperi-perdorin-antibiotike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2025\/01\/22\/vrojtimi-40-e-fermave-te-kafsheve-ne-shqiperi-perdorin-antibiotike\/","title":{"rendered":"Vrojtimi, 40% e fermave t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri p\u00ebrdorin antibiotik\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Rreth 40 p\u00ebr qind e fermer\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb raportuan se p\u00ebrdornin antimikrobik\u00eb n\u00eb kafsh\u00ebt e tyre sipas nj\u00eb vrojtimi n\u00eb 525 ferma t\u00eb prodhimit blegtoral, 29 veteriner\u00eb dhe 21 farmaci veterinare q\u00eb u krye n\u00eb kujdesin e Organizat\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore t\u00eb Ushqimit FAO, rezultatet e t\u00eb cilit u publikuan s\u00eb fundmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi i antibiotik\u00ebve n\u00eb kafsh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm pasi ai forcon rezistenc\u00ebn e ndaj antibiotik\u00ebve tek njer\u00ebzit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rezultatet e anket\u00ebs treguan se p\u00ebrdorimi i antibiotik\u00ebve ishte m\u00eb i lart\u00eb n\u00eb fermat e m\u00ebdha.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tek fermat blegtorale te t\u00eb imtave (dhi dhe dele) 53.2 p\u00ebr qind e fermer\u00ebve p\u00ebrdornin antibiotik\u00eb, 51.6 p\u00ebr qind e blet\u00ebve, 50.3 p\u00ebr qind fermave t\u00eb lop\u00ebve t\u00eb qum\u00ebshtit dhe po kaq ata q\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtojn\u00eb gjedh p\u00ebr mish. Gjithashtu 29 p\u00ebr qind e fermer\u00ebve t\u00eb pulave dhe 23.3 p\u00ebr qind fermave sht\u00ebpiake p\u00ebrdornin antibiotik\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb direktiv\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon kufizimin e antibiotikeve tek bag\u00ebtit\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i tyre kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb me 50% nd\u00ebrmjet 2011 dhe 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi i tep\u00ebrt i antibiotik\u00ebve mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb gjithashtu rrezikun e baktereve q\u00eb jan\u00eb rezistente ndaj trajtimit. Kjo k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon sh\u00ebndetin e kafsh\u00ebve, por mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb rrezik p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit p\u00ebr s\u00ebmundje kronike. Gjithashtu njer\u00ebzit mund t\u00eb ekspozohen ndaj patogjen\u00ebve rezistent duke ngr\u00ebn\u00eb mish dhe produkte t\u00eb qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb kontaminuar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anketa ne Shqip\u00ebri tregoi se, shumica e fermer\u00ebve n\u00eb blegtori nuk kishin arsim apo trajnim formal mbi sh\u00ebndetin e kafsh\u00ebve ose blegtorin\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mbajtja e evidenc\u00ebs se mjekimit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb nga veteriner\u00ebt dhe personeli i farmacive veterinare sesa nga fermer\u00ebt. Shumica e veteriner\u00ebve mbanin sh\u00ebnime p\u00ebr antibiotik\u00ebt e p\u00ebrshkruar. Informacioni q\u00eb ruhet jan\u00eb emrat dhe sasia e antibiotik\u00ebve t\u00eb shitur ose t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar n\u00eb vit.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, i gjith\u00eb personeli i farmacive ka mbajtur sh\u00ebnime p\u00ebr emrat e antibiotik\u00ebve t\u00eb shitur n\u00eb vit dhe sasit\u00eb e shitura. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, vet\u00ebm gjysma e fermer\u00ebve t\u00eb anketuar kishin t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr barnat e blera dhe rreth 40 p\u00ebr qind mbanin sh\u00ebnime p\u00ebr vizitat dhe trajtimet veterinare.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi i antibiotik\u00ebve n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi nuk ishte nj\u00eb zgjedhje e par\u00eb n\u00eb rast s\u00ebmundjeje n\u00eb fermat e anketuara, pasi fermer\u00ebt raportuan se thirr\u00ebn veterinerin dhe aplikuan izolimin e kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb s\u00ebmura fillimisht.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burimet kryesore t\u00eb antibiotik\u00ebve p\u00ebr fermer\u00ebt ishin farmacit\u00eb veterinare, dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, veterinere private. Kur u pyet\u00ebn se kush e merr vendimin se kur do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren antibiotik\u00ebt, fermer\u00ebt kryesisht raportuan veteriner\u00ebt privat\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pronar\u00ebt e fermave gjithashtu kishin nj\u00eb rol n\u00eb vendimet n\u00eb lidhje me p\u00ebrdorimin e antibiotik\u00ebve, pavar\u00ebsisht faktit se shum\u00eb prej tyre nuk kishin arsim apo trajnim t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin e kafsh\u00ebve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb shumica e fermer\u00ebve ndiqnin k\u00ebshillat e veteriner\u00ebve p\u00ebr doz\u00ebn dhe koh\u00ebzgjatjen e trajtimit t\u00eb terapis\u00eb me antibiotik\u00eb, nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i konsideruesh\u00ebm e fermer\u00ebve (15.0 p\u00ebr qind) raportuan se kishin administruar (n\u00eb doz\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr koh\u00eb m\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr) nga sa k\u00ebshillohej.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rreth 67 p\u00ebr qind e fermer\u00ebve deklaruan se gjithmon\u00eb ose shpesh merrnin antibiotik\u00eb me recet\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Antibiotik\u00ebt q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur, k\u00ebshilluar ose shitur zakonisht n\u00eb respektojn\u00ebrenditjen e tyre sipas Organizat\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb (OBSH):<\/span><\/p>\n

Antimikrobik\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kritike me prioritet m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb: ceftiofur, cefquinome, enrofloxacin, kolistin<\/span><\/p>\n

Antimikrobik\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kritike: Gentamicina, neomicina, streptomicina, kanamicina, eritromicina, tylosin, tilmicosin<\/span><\/p>\n

Antimikrobik\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm: amoksicilin\u00eb, ampicilin\u00eb, benzilpenicilin\u00eb, kloksacilin\u00eb, tetraciklin\u00eb, oksitetraciklin\u00eb, klortetraciklin\u00eb, doksiciklin\u00eb, florfenikol, linkomicin\u00eb, sulfonamidet<\/span><\/p>\n

Antimikrobik\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm: spektinomycin<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve, substancat e listuara jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr trajtimin e s\u00ebmundjeve dhe shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb p\u00ebr parandalim.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kur pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit u pyet\u00ebn n\u00eb lidhje me efikasitetin e\u00a0 t\u00eb antimikrobik\u00ebve, (76.6 p\u00ebr qind e fermer\u00ebve, 75.8 p\u00ebr qind e veteriner\u00ebve dhe 80.9 p\u00ebr qind e farmacist\u00ebve) raportuan se kan\u00eb v\u00ebrejtur ulje t\u00eb efikasitetit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre substancave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pothuajse gjysma e fermer\u00ebve p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb antibiotik\u00ebve raportuan se nuk e kishin d\u00ebgjuar m\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr rezistenc\u00ebn ndaj antibiotik\u00ebve. \/B.Hoxha<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE<\/strong><\/span>: Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e Monitor<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rreth 40 p\u00ebr qind e fermer\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb raportuan se p\u00ebrdornin antimikrobik\u00eb n\u00eb kafsh\u00ebt e tyre sipas nj\u00eb vrojtimi n\u00eb 525 ferma t\u00eb prodhimit blegtoral, 29 veteriner\u00eb dhe 21 farmaci veterinare q\u00eb u krye n\u00eb kujdesin e Organizat\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore t\u00eb Ushqimit FAO, rezultatet e t\u00eb cilit u publikuan s\u00eb fundmi. P\u00ebrdorimi i antibiotik\u00ebve n\u00eb kafsh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":720512,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-720511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/720511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=720511"}],"version-history":[{"count":99999,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/720511\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":720515,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/720511\/revisions\/720515"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/720512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=720511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=720511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=720511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}