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Posht\u00eb nj\u00eb boshti q\u00eb u zhyt m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2 kilometra n\u00ebn tok\u00eb n\u00eb zemr\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb minierave t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs s\u00eb Jugut, jeta e nj\u00eb njeriu varej n\u00eb fije t\u00eb perit.<\/span><\/p>\n Pas jav\u00ebsh pune – i bllokuar dhe i uritur nga krer\u00ebt e dhunsh\u00ebm t\u00eb bandave – n\u00eb minier\u00ebn e braktisur t\u00eb arit Buffelsfontein n\u00eb Stilfontein, ai mezi u kap pas nj\u00eb rrotulle t\u00eb improvizuar q\u00eb e ngjiti n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe edhe k\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb. Mbi tok\u00eb, dhjet\u00ebra burra u sforcuan n\u00ebn diellin shk\u00eblqyes t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit, duke e ngritur minatorin centimet\u00ebr pas centimetri.<\/span><\/p>\n Burri nga Mozambiku, i cili nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb thoshte emrin pasi u rr\u00ebzua n\u00eb tok\u00eb, ishte i mbijetuari m\u00eb i fundit i nj\u00eb p\u00ebrplasjeje q\u00eb ka mb\u00ebrthyer Afrik\u00ebn e Jugut p\u00ebr jav\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebra, duke ngritur policin\u00eb kund\u00ebr organizatave kriminale brutale q\u00eb drejtojn\u00eb rrjetet e minator\u00ebve t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruar dhe t\u00eb varf\u00ebr, t\u00eb njohur si zama zamas.<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebrplasja ka zbuluar shkall\u00ebn e infiltrimit kriminal n\u00eb industrin\u00eb e minierave, nj\u00eb gur themeli i ekonomis\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb industrializuar t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Afrika e Jugut ishte dikur prodhuesi m\u00eb i madh i arit n\u00eb bot\u00eb, por infrastruktura e vjet\u00ebr dhe keqqeverisja kan\u00eb detyruar shum\u00eb operator\u00eb tregtar\u00eb t\u00eb mbyllen. Kjo ka l\u00ebn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 6,000 miniera t\u00eb pashfryt\u00ebzuara, t\u00eb cilat, me \u00e7mimet e arit q\u00eb kan\u00eb arritur nivele rekord k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb vende t\u00eb luftrave n\u00eb terren midis bandave fam\u00ebkeqe t\u00eb dhunshme q\u00eb konkurrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrabanduar metalin e \u00e7muar.<\/span><\/p>\n Qeveria e koalicionit miq\u00ebsor ndaj biznesit e presidentit Cyril Ramaphosa ka nisur nj\u00eb goditje si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb plani p\u00ebr t\u00eb ringjallur investimet n\u00eb r\u00ebnie n\u00eb miniera, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb 6.2 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb s\u00eb vendit. Por, pavar\u00ebsisht zbatimit t\u00eb reformave t\u00eb tregut n\u00eb energjin\u00eb elektrike dhe nd\u00ebrprerjeve t\u00eb lidhjeve t\u00eb paligjshme t\u00eb energjis\u00eb, q\u00eb kishin lul\u00ebzuar prej vitesh duke d\u00ebmtuar ekonomin\u00eb, shpresat p\u00ebr spastrimin e industris\u00eb s\u00eb minierave jan\u00eb p\u00ebrballur me realitetet e v\u00ebshtira t\u00eb nj\u00eb ekonomie ku nj\u00eb n\u00eb tre persona jan\u00eb t\u00eb papun\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Lufta e n\u00ebndheshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e industris\u00eb minerare t\u00eb vendit “do p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet para se t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet”, tha nj\u00eb k\u00ebshilltar sigurie q\u00eb punon p\u00ebr galeri shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshe minierash.<\/span><\/p>\n “\u00cbsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj kryengritjeje dhe qeveria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb me t\u00eb p\u00ebr 20 vjet.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Mij\u00ebra zama zama, kan\u00eb v\u00ebrshuar nga Lesoto, Zambia dhe Mozambiku, vende fqinje t\u00eb cilat gjat\u00eb aparteidit siguruan nj\u00eb fuqi pun\u00ebtore t\u00eb madhe dhe t\u00eb brutalizuar migrante p\u00ebr nxjerrjen e metaleve t\u00eb \u00e7muara. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e bandave i rekrutojn\u00eb ose i detyrojn\u00eb k\u00ebta burra t\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb guroret e pap\u00ebrdorura, duke i detyruar ata t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb jav\u00eb ose muaj brenda galerive para se t\u00eb lejohen t\u00eb dalin n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe.<\/span><\/p>\n Rreth 25 ton ar nga Afrika e Jugut besohet se kontrabandohen n\u00eb vende si Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe dhe Zvicra \u00e7do vit, sipas nj\u00eb raporti t\u00eb K\u00ebshillit Bot\u00ebror t\u00eb Arit.<\/span><\/p>\n Zyrtar\u00ebt thon\u00eb se \u201cOperacioni Vala Umgodi\u201d, ose “Mbyllja e Puseve”, do ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7rr\u00ebnjosjen e nj\u00eb tregu t\u00eb zi q\u00eb i heq ekonomis\u00eb rreth 1 miliard dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit, sipas disa vler\u00ebsimeve. Por n\u00eb qytetin e p\u00ebrgjumur t\u00eb Stilfontein, 160 km n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Johanesburgut, ng\u00ebr\u00e7i v\u00eb n\u00eb dukje v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrpara.<\/span><\/p>\n Q\u00eb nga muaji i kaluar, oficer\u00ebt e policis\u00eb kan\u00eb krijuar bllokada rreth Buffelsfontein, nj\u00eb ish-minier\u00eb e prodhimit t\u00eb arit dhe uraniumit, ku zama zamat kan\u00eb funksionuar prej koh\u00ebsh. Oficer\u00ebt e armatosur r\u00ebnd\u00eb u mblodh\u00ebn rreth \u00e7do pusi dal\u00ebs, m\u00eb pas pren\u00eb litar\u00ebt e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb transportuar ushqim dhe uj\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Q\u00ebllimi ishte t\u00eb detyroheshin krer\u00ebt e bandave q\u00eb t\u00eb lejonin minator\u00ebt t\u00eb ridalin n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe, si\u00e7 e quajti n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kontroverse nj\u00eb minist\u00ebr. Deri tani, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 850 minator\u00eb t\u00eb shtangur dhe t\u00eb trullosur jan\u00eb rishfaqur nga Buffelsfontein, mes m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 12,000 minator\u00ebve t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar gjithsej nga t\u00eb gjitha galerit\u00eb. Ata q\u00eb nuk kishin nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb shtroheshin n\u00eb spital u arrestuan menj\u00ebher\u00eb nga autoritetet. Qindra do p\u00ebrballen me akuza n\u00eb gjykata.<\/span><\/p>\n Kompanit\u00eb private jan\u00eb zotuar gjithashtu t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb goditjet e tyre, pasi galerit\u00eb nga minierat e braktisura ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb lidhen me t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb ende p\u00ebrdoren nga operator\u00ebt tregtar\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n “Mjedisi operativ n\u00eb rajonin e Afrik\u00ebs Jugore mbetet sfidues nga perspektiva e siguris\u00eb dhe krimit,”<\/em> tha Sibanye-Still\u00ebater, nj\u00eb nga kompanit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb ka n\u00eb zot\u00ebrim miniera n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn e Jugut, n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim mbi luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr minierave t\u00eb paligjshme n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti.<\/span><\/p>\n Por taktikat e rrethimit t\u00eb autoriteteve “dor\u00ebzohuni ose vdisni nga uria” ka zem\u00ebruar grupet e t\u00eb drejtave, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb rindezur nj\u00eb debat rreth papun\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe ksenofobis\u00eb n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn e Jugut dhe kan\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb detyrojn\u00eb autoritetet t\u00eb lejojn\u00eb d\u00ebrgimin e furnizimeve emergjente p\u00ebr minator\u00ebt. S\u00eb paku kat\u00ebr grupe t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile jan\u00eb vendosur gjithashtu pran\u00eb kamion\u00ebve t\u00eb policis\u00eb jasht\u00eb galerive.<\/span><\/p>\n Louis Nel, i cili ka punuar si k\u00ebshilltar sigurie n\u00eb industri, tha se drejtuesit e bandave n\u00ebn tok\u00eb ishin t\u00eb armatosur me kallashnikov\u00eb dhe pajisje shp\u00ebrthyese t\u00eb improvizuara, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb pamundur \u00e7do p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr zyrtar\u00ebt – ose vet\u00eb minator\u00ebt – t\u00eb hynin ose t\u00eb dilnin pa leje. Ai tha se bandat po lejonin q\u00ebllimisht vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb minator\u00ebsh t\u00eb arratiseshin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb manipulonin ndjesit\u00eb e publikut.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAta kalojn\u00eb muaj me radh\u00eb atje posht\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb e njohin vendin si n\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb dor\u00ebs,\u201d<\/em> tha ai. \u201cK\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb lirimit t\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb minatory her\u00eb pas here, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e band\u00ebs po e b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar simpatin\u00eb e publikut.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n David Van Wyk, studiuesi kryesor n\u00eb Fondacionin Bench Marks, nj\u00eb grup i t\u00eb drejtave civile me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Johanesburg q\u00eb ka punuar me zama zamas, tha se zyrtar\u00eb t\u00eb rangut t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn e Jugut dhe vendet fqinje ishin gjithashtu t\u00eb implikuar n\u00eb organizatat kriminale.<\/span><\/p>\n Zama zamat gjithashtu ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb afrohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunuar me operator\u00ebt ligjor\u00eb dhe rafiner\u00ebt n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebvizin metalin e \u00e7muar n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb mund\u00ebson evazionin fiskal, tha ai.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAjo q\u00eb po ndodh n\u00eb Stilfontein \u00ebsht\u00eb se po luftohet kund\u00ebr k\u00ebmb\u00ebsoris\u00eb. Ajo q\u00eb duhet b\u00ebr\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb ndiqet gjurma e parave,\u201d<\/em> shtoi van Wyk.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb qytetit, me l\u00ebndina t\u00eb rregulluara t\u00eb rrethuara dhe sht\u00ebpizat me tulla t\u00eb kuqe, disa banor\u00eb u hutuan nga operacionet e policis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ne i kemi par\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e bandave q\u00eb qarkullonin me makinat e tyre luksoze,”<\/em> tha nj\u00eb pronar dyqani.<\/span><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/484d04f2ca4c6ad84ab89a0ed481787dd11591ce.png\")
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