{"id":715313,"date":"2024-12-17T17:35:52","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T16:35:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=715313"},"modified":"2024-12-17T17:39:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T16:39:56","slug":"shkenca-e-fshehur-ne-pikturen-ikonike-te-van-gogh-nata-me-yje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2024\/12\/17\/shkenca-e-fshehur-ne-pikturen-ikonike-te-van-gogh-nata-me-yje\/","title":{"rendered":"Shkenca e fshehur n\u00eb piktur\u00ebn ikonike t\u00eb Van Gogh, “Nata me yje”","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Dy dekada m\u00eb par\u00eb, dy fizikan\u00eb po q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb nj\u00eb muze n\u00eb Madrid duke menduar p\u00ebr veprat e piktorit post-impresionist Vincent van Gogh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb vijonte t\u00eb endej n\u00eb\u00a0 kokat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar pun\u00ebn dhe jet\u00ebn e artistit: turbulente.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebri nga fizikan\u00ebt iu drejtua tjetrit duke e pyetur: A mund t\u00eb matet turbulenca n\u00eb pikturat e Van Gogh?<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu lindi nj\u00eb polemik\u00eb e re n\u00eb fizik\u00eb. Turbulenca \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithandej rreth nesh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjendet n\u00eb vorbullat n\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb turbulencat gjat\u00eb fluturime me avion, n\u00eb vorbullat q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb oqeanin t\u00eb turfulloj\u00eb, v\u00ebrshimet kaotike t\u00eb reve t\u00eb gazit q\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb lindjen e yjeve t\u00eb rinj.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por p\u00ebrshkrimi i turbulenc\u00ebs n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel matematikor \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga problemet m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira n\u00eb shkenc\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Turbulenca lidh s\u00eb bashku l\u00ebvizjen e l\u00ebngjeve n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi, duke ushqyer energji nga rrotullimet n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb tek ato m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, si\u00e7 thot\u00eb nj\u00eb varg i vitit 1922 nga matematikani dhe fizikani anglez Le\u00ebis Fry Richardson:<\/span><\/p>\n

Rrotullimet e m\u00ebdha kan\u00eb rrotullime t\u00eb vogla q\u00eb ushqehen me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre, dhe rrotullat e vogla kan\u00eb rrotullime m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla dhe k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb deri sa arrihet n\u00eb viskozitet.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb aspektin statistikor, kjo duket pak m\u00eb ndryshe.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1941, Andrey N. Kolmogorov, nj\u00eb matematikan sovjetik, zhvilloi nj\u00eb teori statistikore t\u00eb turbullir\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Ligji i shkall\u00ebzimit” i Kolmogorovit p\u00ebrshkruan se si energjia shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb t\u00eb turbullt. P\u00ebr ta matur at\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb piktur\u00eb statike, studiuesit duhej t\u00eb krijonin nj\u00eb metod\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb matur rrjedh\u00ebn e saj, nj\u00eb problem q\u00eb i mbajti ata t\u00eb bllokuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pasi admiroi turbullir\u00ebn emocionale n\u00eb pikturat n\u00eb muze, fizikani Jos\u00e9 Luis Arag\u00f3n nga Universiteti Komb\u00ebtar i Meksik\u00ebs dhe kolegu i tij Manuel Torres nga K\u00ebshillin Komb\u00ebtar i K\u00ebrkimeve Spanjolle filluan t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin turbulenc\u00ebn matematikore n\u00eb disa nga pikturat e Van Gogh duke ekzaminuar dallimet n\u00eb ndri\u00e7imin ose shk\u00eblqimin e piksel\u00ebve t\u00eb ndar\u00eb nga nj\u00eb larg\u00ebsi e caktuar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ata zbuluan se “Nata me yje” ishte turbulente dhe jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr\u00a0 sa u p\u00ebrket standardeve artistike.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, astrofizikani James Beattie analizoi ndryshimet n\u00eb ndri\u00e7imin n\u00eb nj\u00eb cop\u00ebz n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e mesme t\u00eb piktur\u00ebs. Ai e ndau katrorin n\u00eb tre kanale me ngjyra p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb analiz\u00ebn. Ai zbuloi se rrotullimet dhe vorbullat e Van Gogh ndoq\u00ebn luhatjet statistikore t\u00eb gjetura n\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm turbulence q\u00eb krijon nat\u00ebn e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb me yje: turbulenca supersonike.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Beattie \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb astrofizikan n\u00eb Universitetin Princeton dhe Institutin Kanadez p\u00ebr Astrofizik\u00ebn Teorike, i cili p\u00ebrdor superkompjuter\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb simuluar turbulencat supersonike dhe gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb i mahnitur nga spektakli vizual i turbulenc\u00ebs n\u00eb natyr\u00eb. Koh\u00ebt e fundit ai z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoi qiellin e piktur\u00ebs s\u00eb Van Goghut me nj\u00eb simulim t\u00eb turbulenc\u00ebs supersonike.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, pyetja n\u00ebse Van Gogh p\u00ebrshkruan sakt\u00ebsisht turbulencat n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel matematikor nuk u zgjidh. Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr studim u shfaq m\u00eb von\u00eb, q\u00eb hidhte posht\u00eb studimin origjinal dhe duke akuzuar ata q\u00eb sugjeronin se turbulenca ishte e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb miti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tani, nj\u00eb studim i ri n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Physics of Fluids p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fizikani Yongxiang Huang i Universitetit Xiamen ia caktoi problemin studentit t\u00eb tij t\u00eb diplomuar, Yinxiang Ma, i cili filloi duke e kthyer piktur\u00ebn n\u00eb shkall\u00eb gri. Pastaj, ata hoq\u00ebn fshatin, kish\u00ebn, malet – \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb nuk rrotullohej. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo la 14 vorbullat n\u00eb piktur\u00ebn ikonike. Ata filluan t\u00eb analizojn\u00eb manualisht \u00e7do spirale, matjen e disa qindra penelatave, duke matur ndri\u00e7imin s\u00eb bashku me gjer\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe gjat\u00ebsin\u00eb e \u00e7do penelate.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Beattie v\u00ebren se n\u00eb nj\u00eb piktur\u00eb statike, \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur t\u00eb studiohet shpejt\u00ebsia ose energjia e nj\u00eb l\u00ebngu ose gazi si\u00e7 b\u00ebjn\u00eb zakonisht shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ne n\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr vet\u00eb boj\u00ebn si nj\u00eb gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb struktur\u00ebs themelore t\u00eb turbulenc\u00ebs,”<\/em> tha ai.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb studimin e ri, studiuesit gjet\u00ebn turbulenca klasike n\u00eb piktur\u00eb – madh\u00ebsit\u00eb e vorbullave rrotulluese, distanca dhe intensiteti i tyre relativ ndoq\u00ebn ligjin fizik t\u00eb zbuluar nga Kolmogorov kur analizuan t\u00eb gjitha vorbullat q\u00eb ndri\u00e7onin qiellin e nat\u00ebs, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb h\u00ebn\u00ebn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ata gjithashtu gjet\u00ebn brenda variacionit t\u00eb penelave nj\u00eb model t\u00eb njohur si shkall\u00ebzimi i Batchelor, i quajtur me emrin e matematikanit australian George Batchelor. N\u00eb vitin 1959, Batchelor identifikoi nj\u00eb ligj universal q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan se si nj\u00eb “skalar pasiv” – i cili mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi kremi t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier n\u00eb kafe, konfeti e hedhur n\u00eb nj\u00eb er\u00eb t\u00eb trazuar ose nj\u00eb kandil deti n\u00eb rrymat e oqeanit – transportohet nga nj\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb e turbullt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e pazakont\u00eb, sipas Huang, \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb shoh\u00ebsh t\u00eb dy llojet e shkall\u00ebzimit n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

“P\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt jan\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb teori p\u00ebrmes eksperimenteve laboratorike dhe simulimeve numerike me rezolucion t\u00eb lart\u00eb duke p\u00ebrdorur superkompjuter\u00eb,”<\/em> tha Huang.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEsht\u00eb mjaft befasuese p\u00ebr ne t\u00eb v\u00ebzhgojm\u00eb t\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto shkall\u00ebzime n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kryevep\u00ebr t\u00eb Van Gogh.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Huang vler\u00ebson Van Goghun jo p\u00ebr kuptimin e matematik\u00ebs s\u00eb turbulenc\u00ebs, por t\u00eb qenit nj\u00eb v\u00ebzhgues i kujdessh\u00ebm i rrjedhave t\u00eb turbullta.<\/span><\/p>\n

“P\u00ebr nj\u00eb teoricien t\u00eb turbulenc\u00ebs, ne krenohemi me universalitetin e turbulenc\u00ebs – \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb atje, \u00ebsht\u00eb kudo.\u2026Ajo q\u00eb un\u00eb kuptoj nga studimet si ky \u00ebsht\u00eb se Van Gogh kapi nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij universaliteti n\u00eb piktur\u00ebn \u201cNata me Yje\u201d. Un\u00eb mendoj se njer\u00ebzit e din\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb,”<\/em> tha Beattie n\u00eb nj\u00eb email.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAta e din\u00eb se di\u00e7ka e mrekullueshme \u00ebsht\u00eb ngulitur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb piktur\u00eb dhe ne jemi t\u00ebrhequr prej saj, fizikant\u00eb dhe amator\u00ebt nj\u00ebsoj. Vorbullat dhe spiralet, \u00a0– ato jan\u00eb kaq familjare p\u00ebr ne.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE<\/strong><\/span>: Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e Washington Post<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti p\u00ebr Hashtag.al,<\/span> Klodian Manjani<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dy dekada m\u00eb par\u00eb, dy fizikan\u00eb po q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb nj\u00eb muze n\u00eb Madrid duke menduar p\u00ebr veprat e piktorit post-impresionist Vincent van Gogh. Nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb vijonte t\u00eb endej n\u00eb\u00a0 kokat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar pun\u00ebn dhe jet\u00ebn e artistit: turbulente. Nj\u00ebri nga fizikan\u00ebt iu drejtua tjetrit duke e pyetur: A mund t\u00eb matet turbulenca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":715318,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-715313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ballina"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=715313"}],"version-history":[{"count":99999,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715313\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":715325,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715313\/revisions\/715325"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/715318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=715313"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=715313"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=715313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}