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Autoriteti i Komunikimeve Elektronike dhe Postare (AKEP) ka hapur zyrtarisht gar\u00ebn p\u00ebr frekuencat e para q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimeve celulare 5G.<\/span><\/p>\n Procedura p\u00ebr dh\u00ebnien e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit n\u00eb brezin e frekuencave 3400-3800 MHz parashikon dh\u00ebnien e pes\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb brez, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht dy me nj\u00eb sasi spektri prej 80 MHz dhe tre me nj\u00eb sasi spektri prej 40 MHz.<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebr blloqet me sasi spektri prej 80 MHz shuma minimale e ofertave t\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve n\u00eb gar\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb 3 milion\u00eb e 624 mij\u00eb euro. P\u00ebr blloqet me sasi spektri prej 40 MHz vlera minimale e ofert\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb 1 milion e 812 mij\u00eb euro.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb rast se AKEP do t\u00eb arrij\u00eb t\u00eb jap\u00eb me sukses n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb gjith\u00eb spektrin e disponuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb frekuencave, shuma minimale q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitoj\u00eb buxheti i shtetit nga ky proces llogaritet n\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht 12.7 milion euro.<\/span><\/p>\n Kriteri i vet\u00ebm i vler\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e ofertave fituese do t\u00eb jet\u00eb \u00e7mimi i tyre. Rregullorja e tenderit parashikon q\u00eb \u00e7mimi i ofert\u00ebs mund t\u00eb paguhet me dy k\u00ebste, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht k\u00ebsti i par\u00eb prej 50% brenda shtat\u00eb dit\u00ebve nga marrja e njoftimit t\u00eb fituesit dhe k\u00ebsti i dyt\u00eb prej 50 % brenda gjasht\u00eb muajve nga dh\u00ebnia e Autorizimit Individual.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00c7mimi minimal i p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb gar\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb i lart\u00eb, krahasuar me vendet fqinje. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e p\u00ebrdorimit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sasi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe spektri (100 MHz kundrejt 80 Mhz n\u00eb rastin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb) u dhan\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u00e7mim rreth 2 milion euro. N\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut, nj\u00eb e drejt\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin brez, gjithnj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sasi spektri 100 MHz, u dha n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim p\u00ebr 3 milion euro.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00c7mimi m\u00eb i lart\u00eb mund t\u00eb argumentohet me numrin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb krahazuar me vendet fqinje, megjith\u00ebse Censi i fundit tregoi tkurrje t\u00eb ndjeshme, n\u00eb 2.4 milion banor\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Sipas rregullores s\u00eb gar\u00ebs, nj\u00eb ofertues i vet\u00ebm nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebr fitoj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se tre t\u00eb drejta p\u00ebrdorimi ose 160 MHz sasi spektri n\u00eb total.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb teori, procesi krijon hap\u00ebsira edhe p\u00ebr hyrjen e operator\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb tregun celular. Megjithat\u00eb, duke pasur parasysh p\u00ebrmasat e vogla t\u00eb tregut shqiptar dhe investimet e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr ngritjen e rrjeteve, n\u00eb praktik\u00eb shanset p\u00ebr hyrjen e operator\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb rrjeteve celulare (MNO) n\u00eb treg vler\u00ebsohen t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb vogla.<\/span><\/p>\n Afati p\u00ebr paraqitjen e ofertave do t\u00eb jet\u00eb data 17 tetor e k\u00ebtij viti, dat\u00eb kur do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet edhe hapja e ofertave t\u00eb paraqitura. Koha e fillimit t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb frekuencave do t\u00eb jet\u00eb jo m\u00eb von\u00eb se 6 muaj nga data e pajisjes me Autorizim Individual.<\/span><\/p>\n Kushtet e tenderit k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb mbulim t\u00eb 55% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb me sh\u00ebrbime 5G brenda vitit 2027 dhe 85% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb brenda vitit 2030. P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket kushteve t\u00eb mbulimit t\u00eb territorit, rregullorja e gar\u00ebs k\u00ebrkon mbulim me sh\u00ebrbime 5G n\u00eb brezin e autorizuar (pjes\u00eb e spektrit 3.4 GHz \u2013 3.8 GHz), deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2025 n\u00eb portet Durr\u00ebs, Vlor\u00eb, Sh\u00ebngjin, Sarand\u00eb, Porto Romano, aeroportet e Tiran\u00ebs, Kuk\u00ebsit dhe Vlor\u00ebs, zon\u00ebn industriale Tiran\u00eb \u2013 Durr\u00ebs dhe Qendrat Spitalore t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, afati p\u00ebr shtrirjen e sh\u00ebrbimeve 5G n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qytetet e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb viti 2028.<\/span><\/p>\n Sipas AKEP, gjenerata e sistemeve celulare 5G n\u00eb teori mund ta rris\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb rrjeteve 4G me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 10 her\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar teknikat e p\u00ebrdorimit te frekuencave. Megjithat\u00eb, po tu referohemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga matjet e operator\u00ebve q\u00eb kan\u00eb implementuar rrjetet 5G n\u00eb vitet e fundit, ndryshimet n\u00eb praktik\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre p\u00ebrmasave.<\/span><\/p>\n Shpejt\u00ebsia mesatare e shkarkimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb rrjetet 5G \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebrsisht dy her\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb krahasuar me rrjetet 4G, por sidoqoft\u00eb paraqet ndryshime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb operator\u00ebve.<\/span><\/p>\n Kompani t\u00eb specializuara t\u00eb matjeve t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb internetit, si p\u00ebr shembull Ookla, e vler\u00ebsonin shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb mesatare t\u00eb rrjeteve 5G n\u00eb vitin 2022 n\u00eb rreth 168 Mbps (megabit p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb). Gjithmon\u00eb duke iu referuar k\u00ebtyre matjeve, shpejt\u00ebsia mesatare p\u00ebr operator\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb ka arritur deri af\u00ebrsisht 600 Mbps.<\/span><\/p>\n K\u00ebto shpejt\u00ebsi jan\u00eb sigurisht m\u00eb t\u00eb larta krahasuar me nivelet mesatare t\u00eb rrjeteve aktuale 4G, por p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesve individual\u00eb ato nuk sjellin ndryshime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb eksperienc\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb internetit.<\/span><\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, rrjetet 5G pritet t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb kapacitete m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe perspektiva m\u00eb t\u00eb zgjeruara sidomos n\u00eb zgjerimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve p\u00ebr bizneset.<\/span><\/p>\n Mbulimi optimal me rrjetet e l\u00ebvizshme t\u00eb internetit me brez t\u00eb gjer\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, edhe p\u00ebr shkak se vendi yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb prapambeturit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb n\u00eb mbulimin me rrjete fikse. \/E.Shehu<\/span><\/p>\n