![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Fake-news-main-image.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb prillit, disa banor\u00eb t\u00eb qytetit ukrainas Kharkiv mor\u00ebn nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb mesazhesh rr\u00ebqeth\u00ebse nga zyrtar\u00eb qeveritar\u00eb, duke u th\u00ebn\u00eb atyre t\u00eb largoheshin nga qyteti p\u00ebrpara se forcat ruse ta rrethonin at\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n “P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit t\u00eb rrethimit nga armiku, ne i b\u00ebjm\u00eb thirrje popullat\u00ebs civile t\u00eb Kharkiv-it t\u00eb largohet nga qyteti deri m\u00eb 22 prill,”<\/em> tha nj\u00eb sinjalizues, i cili mbante logon e Sh\u00ebrbimit Shtet\u00ebror t\u00eb Emergjencave t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs dhe tregonte rrug\u00ebt e sigurta prej nga banor\u00ebt mund t\u00eb arratiseshin p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb infografiku t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar n\u00eb holl\u00ebsit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb dobla.<\/span><\/p>\n E gjitha ishte e rreme. Volodimir Tymoshko e dinte menj\u00ebher\u00eb. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb shefi i policis\u00eb n\u00eb rajonin e Kharkiv dhe do duhet t\u00eb kishte qen\u00eb nj\u00eb nga t\u00eb par\u00ebt q\u00eb do ishte informuar p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb plan zyrtar evakuimi.<\/span><\/p>\n “Banor\u00ebt filluan t’i merrnin k\u00ebto njoftime n\u00eb mas\u00eb,”<\/em> tha 50-vje\u00e7ari p\u00ebr Reuters nd\u00ebrsa tregoi nj\u00eb pamje njoftimit n\u00eb cellular q\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgua banor\u00ebve nd\u00ebrsa trupat ruse po mblidheshin n\u00eb kufirin q\u00eb ndodhet vet\u00ebm 30 km larg.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb operacion psikologjik, shkakton panik. \u00c7far\u00eb do mendonte nj\u00eb qytetar kur merr nj\u00eb mesazh t\u00eb till\u00eb?”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Dezinformimi dhe propaganda, q\u00eb jan\u00eb prej shum\u00eb koh\u00eb nd\u00ebr shtyllat e luft\u00ebs, jan\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dixhitale n\u00eb betej\u00ebn p\u00ebr Ukrain\u00ebn, lufta m\u00eb e madhe q\u00eb bota ka par\u00eb q\u00eb nga prezantimit i telefonave inteligjent\u00eb dhe mediave sociale.<\/span><\/p>\n Tymoshko tha se ai mori rreth 10 mesazhe t\u00eb ngjashme p\u00ebrmes mesazheve SMS dhe aplikacionit Telegram n\u00eb prill dhe fillim t\u00eb majit, pak jav\u00eb para sulmit t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebn verilindore q\u00eb filloi m\u00eb 10 maj dhe hapi nj\u00eb front t\u00eb ri.<\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb zyrtar ukrainas i siguris\u00eb, i cili k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb fliste n\u00eb kushte anonimiteti, tha se rus\u00ebt shpesh d\u00ebrgonin nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh mesazhesh nga pajisjet e lidhura me nj\u00eb dron zbulimi me rreze t\u00eb gjat\u00eb veprimi Orlan-10, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb dep\u00ebrtoj\u00eb dhjet\u00ebra kilometra n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn ajrore t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Pajisjet, t\u00eb njohura si sistemet Leer-3, imitojn\u00eb stacionet baz\u00eb t\u00eb antenave celulare me t\u00eb cilat telefonat lidhen automatikisht n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb mbulimit, shtoi ai.<\/span><\/p>\n Bresh\u00ebria telefonike u shoq\u00ebrua nga nj\u00eb zhurm\u00eb n\u00eb mediat sociale, nd\u00ebrsa trupat ruse p\u00ebrparuan n\u00eb Kharkiv, sipas Andriy Kovalenko, kreu i Qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs p\u00ebr Kund\u00ebr Dezinformimit (CCD), nj\u00eb deg\u00eb e k\u00ebshillit t\u00eb siguris\u00eb komb\u00ebtare.<\/span><\/p>\n Numri mesatar i postimeve n\u00eb mediat sociale t\u00eb klasifikuara si dezinformata rreth luft\u00ebs nga autoritetet ukrainase u rrit n\u00eb mbi 2,500 n\u00eb dit\u00eb kur ofensiva e Kharkiv filloi n\u00eb maj, nga 200 n\u00eb dit\u00eb n\u00eb muajin mars, tregojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrpiluara nga CCD.<\/span><\/p>\n Shefi i CCD i tha Reuters se inteligjenca ukrainase kishte vler\u00ebsuar se fushatat e dezinformimit ishin kryer kryesisht nga sh\u00ebrbimi i siguris\u00eb FSB i Rusis\u00eb dhe agjencia e inteligjenc\u00ebs ushtarake, e njohur zakonisht si GRU.<\/span><\/p>\n Ministria e Jashtme e Rusis\u00eb dhe FSB nuk iu p\u00ebrgjigj\u00ebn nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese p\u00ebr koment mbi pohimet e Ukrain\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa Reuters nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb kontaktonte GRU.<\/span><\/p>\n Moska ka akuzuar Ukrain\u00ebn dhe Per\u00ebndimin se kan\u00eb nisur nj\u00eb luft\u00eb t\u00eb sofistikuar informacioni kund\u00ebr Rusis\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrdorur mediat kryesore, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me publikun dhe teknologjin\u00eb e Per\u00ebndimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbjell\u00eb narrativa t\u00eb rreme dhe t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme rreth Rusis\u00eb dhe luft\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Zyrtari ukrainas i siguris\u00eb pranoi se vendi i tij p\u00ebrdorte fushata n\u00eb internet n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur ndjenj\u00ebn kund\u00ebr luft\u00ebs n\u00eb mesin e popullat\u00ebs ruse, megjith\u00ebse ai e karakterizoi k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje si “komunikim strategjik” p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur informacion t\u00eb sakt\u00eb rreth luft\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Lufta virtuale<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Reuters intervistoi n\u00ebnt\u00eb persona me njohuri p\u00ebr luft\u00ebn e informacionit dhe dezinformimit q\u00eb po zhvillohej paralelisht me operacionet n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e betej\u00ebs, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb zyrtar\u00eb ukrainas, gjurmues t\u00eb dezinformatave dhe analist\u00ebt e siguris\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Zyrtari ukrainas i siguris\u00eb, i cili k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb fliste n\u00eb kushte anonimiteti, tha se q\u00eb nga pushtimi n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb i vendit\u00a0 n\u00eb shkurt 2022, agjencit\u00eb e inteligjenc\u00ebs kishin mbyllur 86 stacione ruse t\u00eb luft\u00ebs virtuale t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat kontrollonin 3 milion\u00eb llogari kolektive t\u00eb mediave sociale me nj\u00eb audienc\u00eb t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar prej 12 milion\u00eb ndjek\u00ebsish.<\/span><\/p>\n Objektet e tilla jan\u00eb dhoma t\u00eb mbushura me pajisje t\u00eb specializuara kompjuterike q\u00eb mund t\u00eb regjistrojn\u00eb qindra llogari t\u00eb rreme \u00e7do dit\u00eb n\u00eb rrjetet e mediave sociale p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb informacion t\u00eb rrem\u00eb, shtoi zyrtari, duke cituar nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb q\u00eb u gjet nga sh\u00ebrbimet e siguris\u00eb n\u00eb qytetin Vinnytsia n\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebn qendrore vitin e kaluar.<\/span><\/p>\n Kovalenko tha se aktualisht, burimet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb dezinformatave ruse n\u00eb internet ishin TikTok n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb dhe Telegram n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb. T\u00eb dyja p\u00ebrdoren gjer\u00ebsisht n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Ai tha se n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, TikTok kishte mbyllur rreth 30 nga 90 llogarit\u00eb q\u00eb Ukraina i kishte sh\u00ebnuar si p\u00ebrhap\u00ebs t\u00eb dezinformatave t\u00eb lidhura me Rusin\u00eb, duke shtuar se llogari t\u00eb reja shpesh shfaqen p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar t\u00eb hequrat.<\/span><\/p>\n TikTok i tha Reuters se udh\u00ebzimet e tij ndalonin p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb rreme ose mashtruese, duke shtuar se kishte mbyllur 13 rrjete t\u00eb fshehta q\u00eb operonin nga Rusia n\u00eb vitet e fundit.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ne ndalojm\u00eb dhe punojm\u00eb vazhdimisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t’u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb operacione t\u00eb ndikimit t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb, duke manipuluar platform\u00ebn ton\u00eb ose duke mashtruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme komunitetin ton\u00eb,”<\/em> tha nj\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Rrjetet e dezinformimit jan\u00eb grupe llogarish t\u00eb kontrolluara nga i nj\u00ebjti ent dhe shpesh p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur nj\u00eb narrativ\u00eb t\u00eb bashk\u00ebrenduar.<\/span><\/p>\n Telegram tha se po zhvillonte nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar informacione t\u00eb verifikuara n\u00eb postime.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cNe n\u00eb Telegram besojm\u00eb se m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar dezinformimin nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmes censur\u00ebs, por me qasje t\u00eb leht\u00eb n\u00eb informacionin e verifikuar\u201d<\/em>, shtoi nj\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Kryetari i Bashkis\u00eb s\u00eb Kharkivit, Ihor Terekhov tha p\u00ebr Reuters se rus\u00ebt po p\u00ebrpiqeshin t\u00eb krijonin panik dhe mosbesim, duke p\u00ebrmendur nj\u00eb shembull t\u00eb postimeve n\u00eb mediat sociale q\u00eb pretendonin se rruga kryesore p\u00ebr n\u00eb Kiev po riasfaltohej n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb kryebashkiaku t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ikte m\u00eb shpejt kur t\u00eb vinin rus\u00ebt, di\u00e7ka q\u00eb ai e hodhi posht\u00eb si g\u00ebnjesht\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ata po p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb frik\u00ebsojn\u00eb popullsin\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb ndjehen t\u00eb frik\u00ebsuar dhe t\u00eb largohen nga qyteti,”<\/em> tha ai n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb n\u00eb Kharkiv n\u00eb fund t\u00eb majit.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, vijat e frontit n\u00eb verilindje ishin stabilizuar rreth 20 km nga skaji i qytetit pasi ofensiva ruse fillimisht kishte fituar territor n\u00eb veri p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb mposhtej nga forcat e p\u00ebrforcuara ukrainase.<\/span><\/p>\n Maria Avdeeva, nj\u00eb analiste sigurie me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Kharkiv, e cila p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb dezinformimin rus, i tregoi Reuters nj\u00eb hart\u00eb infografike, me emblem\u00ebn shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs, t\u00eb postuar n\u00eb Facebook n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb prillit – af\u00ebrsisht n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb kur shefit t\u00eb policis\u00eb Tymoshko iu d\u00ebrgua nj\u00eb hart\u00eb e ndryshme evakuimi n\u00eb nj\u00eb mesazh t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb Telegram.<\/span><\/p>\n E pashqet\u00ebsuar nga nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrthim i fort\u00eb nga nj\u00eb bomb\u00eb disa kilometra larg, ajo shpjegoi se si harta dhe teksti shoq\u00ebrues p\u00ebrfshinin mbyllje t\u00eb rreme rrug\u00ebsh dhe pretendime se s\u00eb shpejti priten sulme me raketa n\u00eb zona t\u00eb caktuara p\u00ebrreth qytetit.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cMicrotargeting\u201d – q\u00eb analizon t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb internet t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve p\u00ebr t\u00eb synuar individ\u00eb dhe audienca t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta me mesazhe specifike, nj\u00ebsoj si reklamimi q\u00eb synon kategori t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta – po nd\u00ebrlikon detyr\u00ebn e CCD p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjurmuar fushatat e ndikimit dhe p\u00ebr t’iu kund\u00ebrv\u00ebn\u00eb narrativave t\u00eb rreme, tha Kovalenko.<\/span><\/p>\n “Kjo veprimtari \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht shum\u00eb taktike,”<\/em> tha John Hultquist, kryeanalist n\u00eb firm\u00ebn amerikane t\u00eb siguris\u00eb kibernetike Mandiant, duke iu referuar fushatave dezinformuese ruse n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cNe kemi par\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnjestrohen me informacione t\u00eb rreme deri te ushtar\u00ebt ukrainas n\u00eb llogore\u201d.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Sulmi n\u00eb kull\u00ebn kryesore t\u00eb televizionit<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Ukrainasit jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb preksh\u00ebm ndaj dezinformatave dixhitale; m\u00eb shum\u00eb se tre t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtat e popullsis\u00eb i marrin lajmet e tyre nga mediat sociale, shum\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr se \u00e7do burim tjet\u00ebr informacioni, sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb porositur nga USAid n\u00eb 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se n\u00eb cilindo nga 24 vendet evropiane t\u00eb anketuara nga nj\u00eb raport i Institutit Reuters p\u00ebr Studimin e Gazetaris\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2024, i cili mesatarisht ishte 44%.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb fund t\u00eb prillit, nd\u00ebrsa forcat e Mosk\u00ebs u grumbulluan n\u00eb kufirin pran\u00eb Kharkivit, nj\u00eb sulm ajror rus rr\u00ebzoi kull\u00ebn kryesore televizive t\u00eb Kharkiv, duke penguar qasjen e qytetar\u00ebve te informacioni.<\/span><\/p>\n Pamjet dramatike t\u00eb siguruara nga Reuters treguan se shtylla kryesore e kull\u00ebs televizive u shk\u00ebput dhe ra n\u00eb tok\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa sulma ndaj Kharkivit \u00e7oi n\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb veprimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb dezinformimit, sipas njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb intervistuar ka pasur fushata t\u00eb ngjashme ruse gjat\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb luft\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Kreu i CCD n\u00ebnvizoi nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb ruse n\u00eb tetor 2023 q\u00eb synonte t\u00eb nxiste iden\u00eb se Ukraina po p\u00ebrballej me nj\u00eb dim\u00ebr t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr dhe humbje n\u00eb luft\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Osavul, nj\u00eb kompani ukrainase e gjurmimit t\u00eb dezinformatave, i tregoi Reuters t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e saj p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fushat\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e quajti “Dimri i zi”. Ai num\u00ebroi 914 mesazhe t\u00eb postuara nga 549 burime, t\u00eb cilat kolektivisht mor\u00ebn afro 25 milion\u00eb shikime.<\/span><\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, sipas Kovalenkos, shkalla e madhe dhe shpesht\u00ebsia e operacioneve t\u00eb ndikimit rus n\u00ebnkuptonte se ukrainasit po b\u00ebheshin m\u00eb dyshues ndaj informacionit q\u00eb merrnin, duke e zbehur ndikimin e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n Shtytja e dezinformimit gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrparimit fillestar t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb drejt Kharkivit n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb pushtimit n\u00eb vitin 2022 – kur ata u afruan shum\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr qytetit – kontribuoi n\u00eb panikun dhe tronditjen q\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb largimin e qindra mij\u00ebra banor\u00ebve, than\u00eb disa zyrtar\u00eb dhe ekspert\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb, vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i vog\u00ebl banor\u00ebsh u largua nga Kharkiv, edhe pse sasia e mesazheve dezinformative q\u00eb synonin qytetar\u00ebt ishte dyfishi i nivelit t\u00eb marsit 2022, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb CCD.<\/span><\/p>\n Pavar\u00ebsisht nga raketat dhe bombat q\u00eb pothuajse bien \u00e7do dit\u00eb mbi qytet dhe sulmet q\u00eb u shtuan k\u00ebt\u00eb maj – 1.3 milion\u00eb\u00a0 banor\u00eb jan\u00eb ende n\u00eb qytet, sipas kryebashkiakut t\u00eb Kharkiv, Terekhov, af\u00ebrsisht i nj\u00ebjti num\u00ebr si p\u00ebrpara sulmit t\u00eb fundit ushtarak t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb rajon.<\/span><\/p>\n Mungesa e panikut pasqyron gjithashtu familjaritetin n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb ukrainasve p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar n\u00ebn sulmet ruse.<\/span><\/p>\n Reuters foli me gati dy duzina banor\u00eb t\u00eb Kharkivit n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb majit, kur qyteti goditej nga disa bomba ose raketa n\u00eb dit\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Shumica than\u00eb se nuk ndjenin d\u00ebshir\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u larguar nga rreziku, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se ishin m\u00ebsuar me t\u00eb. Disa than\u00eb se kishin ndaluar s\u00eb ndjekuri lajmet.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm psikologjik, ne m\u00ebsohemi me rrezikun,”<\/em> tha psikologia nga Kharkiv, Iryna Markevych.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb fund t\u00eb majit, korrespondent\u00ebt e Reuters u struk\u00ebn n\u00eb tok\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u mbuluar kur d\u00ebgjuan zhurm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb bombe q\u00eb shponte ajrin. N\u00eb dukje t\u00eb patrazuara, n\u00ebnat me karroca vijuan t\u00eb sh\u00ebtisnin n\u00ebp\u00ebr park kurse t\u00eb tjer\u00eb laheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb shat\u00ebrvan publik.<\/span><\/p>\n Yulia Oleshko, 55 vje\u00e7, nj\u00eb dado q\u00eb shtynte nj\u00eb karroc\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb park qendror n\u00eb Kharkiv, tha se m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer makthin ishte thjesht t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendroheshe te jeta e p\u00ebrditshme.<\/span><\/p>\n “Dje po mendoja: t\u00eb ec\u00ebsh p\u00ebrreth Kharkivit \u00ebsht\u00eb si t\u00eb ec\u00ebsh rreth nj\u00eb fushe t\u00eb minuar…por p\u00ebrpiqem t\u00eb mos ndalem n\u00eb k\u00ebto mendime frike, p\u00ebrndryshe mund t\u00eb biesh leht\u00ebsisht n\u00eb depresion,”<\/em> tha ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/GettyImages-1208219121-scaled-1.jpg\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ukraine.jpg\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ukraine-1.png\")
<\/p>\n