{"id":685323,"date":"2024-07-02T16:18:17","date_gmt":"2024-07-02T14:18:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=685323"},"modified":"2024-07-02T16:18:17","modified_gmt":"2024-07-02T14:18:17","slug":"si-e-ngriti-perandorine-njeriu-me-i-pasur-ne-bote","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2024\/07\/02\/si-e-ngriti-perandorine-njeriu-me-i-pasur-ne-bote\/","title":{"rendered":"Si e ngriti perandorin\u00eb njeriu m\u00eb i pasur n\u00eb bot\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-685324\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6682845520302755511d8395.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1240\" height=\"697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6682845520302755511d8395.jpg 1240w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6682845520302755511d8395-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6682845520302755511d8395-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6682845520302755511d8395-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1240px) 100vw, 1240px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Historia parakoloniale e vendeve afrikane meriton v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb madhe. Kontinenti afrikan u b\u00eb nj\u00eb vend ku lind\u00ebn dhe lul\u00ebzuan perandorit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha tregtare gjat\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs. Zona Sahel, \u2018bregu ranor\u2019 afrikan, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb brez toke q\u00eb shtrihet nga Oqeani Atlantik deri n\u00eb Detin e Kuq, u b\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj qendre civilizimi p\u00ebr kontinentin. Ishte k\u00ebtu ku u ngrit\u00ebn disa nga vendet e para afrikane.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Perandoria Mali, e cila mbulonte territoret e Malit modern, Guines\u00eb, Senegalit, Nigerit dhe Mauritanis\u00eb, ekzistonte nga shekulli i 13-t\u00eb deri n\u00eb shekullin e 16-t\u00eb. Me origjin\u00eb n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb arteries kryesore tregtare dhe logjistike t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore, lumit Niger, perandoria u b\u00eb e njohur n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn dhe arriti kulmin e saj t\u00eb mir\u00eb\u00ebqenies fal\u00eb nj\u00eb prej sundimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb saj, Mansa Musa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sipas studimeve t\u00eb ndryshme, Mansa Musa ishte n\u00eb pushtet p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy dekada, nga 1307\/1312 deri n\u00eb 1332\/1337, dhe u b\u00eb sundimtari i n\u00ebnt\u00eb, ose mansa, i perandoris\u00eb. P\u00ebrkthyer nga gjuha Maninka, mansa do t\u00eb thot\u00eb &#8220;mbret&#8221; ose &#8220;sundimtar&#8221;. Pavar\u00ebsisht nga mbret\u00ebrimi i tij relativisht i shkurt\u00ebr, sundimi i tij \u00e7oi n\u00eb zhvillimin e shpejt\u00eb ekonomik t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Mali, zgjerimin e territorit t\u00eb saj dhe nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebs dhe kultur\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_685325\" style=\"width: 990px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-685325\" class=\"size-full wp-image-685325\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d502030274bab2ea75e.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d502030274bab2ea75e.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d502030274bab2ea75e-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d502030274bab2ea75e-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-685325\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em>Spanj\u00eb\/Katalonia: Mansa Musa, Mbreti i Malit, duke mbajtur nj\u00eb skept\u00ebr dhe nj\u00eb cop\u00eb ari si\u00e7 p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet n\u00eb Atlasin Katalan, nga ilustruesi \u00e7ifut Cresques Abraham, 1375<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sundimtari fitoi fam\u00eb bot\u00ebrore p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb s\u00eb tij t\u00eb patreguar &#8211; edhe n\u00eb shekullin e 21-t\u00eb, Mansa Musa njihet si njeriu m\u00eb i pasur n\u00eb historin\u00eb e njer\u00ebzimit. N\u00eb vitin 2014, botimi Celebrity Net \u00cborth vler\u00ebsoi se, sipas standardeve moderne, pasuria e sundimtarit do arrinte n\u00eb 400 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb, q\u00eb tejkalon kapitalin e familjes Rothschild dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit amerikan John D. Rockefeller.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Burimet e pasuris\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00cbsht\u00eb mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim i sakt\u00eb i pasuris\u00eb totale personale t\u00eb Mansa Musa-s, pasi n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb konceptet e pasuris\u00eb personale t\u00eb nj\u00eb sundimtari dhe gjendjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht t\u00eb nd\u00ebrthurura ngusht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00eb shekullin e 14-t\u00eb, ashtu si n\u00eb shekullin e 21-t\u00eb, u grumbulluan pasuri t\u00eb panum\u00ebrta p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb vendndodhjes strategjike t\u00eb vendit. Duke mbuluar pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb lugin\u00ebs s\u00eb lumit Niger dhe zonat p\u00ebrreth t\u00eb shkret\u00ebtir\u00ebs s\u00eb Saharas\u00eb, Perandoria e Malit kontrollonte rrug\u00ebt kryesore p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb t\u00eb cilave zhvillohej tregtia fitimprur\u00ebse e arit dhe krip\u00ebs me vendet arabe dhe mesdhetare. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, ari ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb tashm\u00eb nj\u00eb simbol i prestigjit dhe nj\u00eb monedh\u00eb shlyerjeje, nd\u00ebrsa kripa ishte e nevojshme p\u00ebr ruajtjen e ushqimit. Kjo i b\u00ebri k\u00ebto mallra thelb\u00ebsore p\u00ebr plot\u00ebsimin e nevojave kryesore t\u00eb asaj kohe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Depozitat e mallrave baz\u00eb ndodheshin gjithashtu n\u00eb territorin e perandoris\u00eb, dhe vendndodhja gjeografike e Malit i lejoi sundimtarit t\u00eb saj t\u00eb vendoste taksa dhe detyrime tregtare, si dhe t\u00eb rregullonte zinxhir\u00ebt logjistik t\u00eb asaj kohe. I pari sillte t\u00eb ardhurat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb ark\u00ebn e shtetit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">K\u00ebshtu, Perandoria Mali zinte nj\u00eb pozicion qendror n\u00eb tregtin\u00eb trans-Sahariane, duke lidhur Afrik\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore, Mesdheun dhe bot\u00ebn arabe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Pelegrinazhi n\u00eb Mek\u00eb dhe fama bot\u00ebrore<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00eb vitin 1324, pas m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb dekade n\u00eb pushtet, Mansa Musa p\u00ebrmbushi detyr\u00ebn e \u00e7do muslimani t\u00eb pasur, ai kreu haxhin, ose pelegrinazhin n\u00eb Mek\u00eb. Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebtij udh\u00ebtimi bota m\u00ebsoi p\u00ebr pasurin\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb Mali dhe vet\u00eb sundimtarit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-685326\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/668288bc85f54020ff3a03d5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1240\" height=\"698\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/668288bc85f54020ff3a03d5.jpg 1240w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/668288bc85f54020ff3a03d5-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/668288bc85f54020ff3a03d5-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/668288bc85f54020ff3a03d5-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1240px) 100vw, 1240px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mansa Musa shkoi n\u00eb Mek\u00eb i shoq\u00ebruar nga nj\u00eb grup i madh. Madh\u00ebsia e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb procesionit ishte 60,000 njer\u00ebz, nd\u00ebrsa eskorta personale e Mans\u00ebs num\u00ebronte 12,000 skllev\u00ebr. Pjesa m\u00eb e habitshme e procesionit ishin 500 skllev\u00ebr, secili prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve mbante nj\u00eb shuf\u00ebr ari ose nj\u00eb shkop t\u00eb zbukuruar me ar. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, delegacioni shoq\u00ebrohej nga 80 deve, t\u00eb cilat gjithashtu ishin t\u00eb ngarkuara me ar. Michael A. Gomez, profesor n\u00eb Universitetin e Nju Jorkut dhe specialist i historis\u00eb s\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore, sugjeron se v\u00ebllimi i arit t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb Haxh mund t\u00eb ishte deri n\u00eb 18 ton.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nj\u00eb procesion i till\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb kalonte pa u v\u00ebn\u00eb re. Nj\u00eb q\u00ebllim po aq i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i pelegrinazhit ishte t\u00eb demonstronte pasurin\u00eb dhe fuqin\u00eb e dikujt. Gjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00eb Mek\u00eb, delegacioni kaloi n\u00ebp\u00ebr territorin e Mauritanis\u00eb moderne, Algjeris\u00eb dhe Egjiptit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb udh\u00ebtimit, Mansa Musa ndau bujarisht pasurin\u00eb e tij dhe shp\u00ebrndau ar p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit dhe nevojtar\u00ebt q\u00eb takoi n\u00eb rrug\u00eb. Me mb\u00ebrritjen e tij n\u00eb Kajro, i cili ishte kryeqyteti i Sulltanatit Mamluk n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, shpenzimet e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb perandorit prej ari madje ul\u00ebn \u00e7mimin e tij, duke prishur stabilitetin e tregjeve lokale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pelegrinazhi i Mansa Musa-s \u00e7oi n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb papar\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb perandoris\u00eb dhe rritje t\u00eb qarkullimit tregtar. Ari filloi t\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr tregjet e vendeve mesdhetare, duke minuar ekonomit\u00eb e tyre, t\u00eb cilat kontribuan vet\u00ebm n\u00eb zhvillimin e rrug\u00ebve tregtare trans-Sahariane, nd\u00ebrsa ngrit\u00ebn rolin e Perandoris\u00eb Mali si qendra e saj kryesore tregtare.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Kultura dhe shkenca lul\u00ebzojn\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fal\u00eb suksesit t\u00eb saj n\u00eb sfer\u00ebn ekonomike dhe numrit n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb tregtar\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj q\u00eb mb\u00ebrrinin n\u00eb Mali, territori i perandoris\u00eb u zgjerua dhe u zhvillua. U shfaq\u00ebn qytete t\u00eb reja, t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me tendencat m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit arkitekturore. Aktivisht u nd\u00ebrtuan objekte fetare \u2013 xhami dhe medrese, ku u krijuan qendra shkencore.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb Haxhit t\u00eb Mansa Musa-s, qytetet portuale t\u00eb Timbuktut dhe Gao u b\u00ebn\u00eb pjes\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb Mali. P\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e tyre, perandori t\u00ebrhoqi arkitekt\u00eb mysliman\u00eb nga Lindja e Mesme dhe Evropa kontinentale. Midis tyre ishte Abu Ishaq al-Saheli, nj\u00eb vendas nga rajoni Al-Andalus, nj\u00eb territor mysliman n\u00eb gadishullin Iberik, i njohur tani si rajoni spanjoll i Andaluzis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">N\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e al-Sahelit, u nd\u00ebrtuan pes\u00eb xhami, nd\u00ebr to Xhamia Djinguereber, e nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb Timbuktu n\u00eb vitin 1327, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur pjes\u00ebrisht deri m\u00eb sot.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_685327\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-685327\" class=\"size-full wp-image-685327\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828cdb85f54020ff3a03d8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"761\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828cdb85f54020ff3a03d8.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828cdb85f54020ff3a03d8-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828cdb85f54020ff3a03d8-768x571.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-685327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Nj\u00eb person i vetmuar q\u00eb ec\u00ebn jasht\u00eb mureve t\u00eb Xhamis\u00eb Djinguereber, Timbuktu, Mali, rreth vitit 1955<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Monumente t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb shquara historike dhe kulturore p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb Xhamin\u00eb Sankore, e cila u nd\u00ebrtua n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn periudh\u00eb, dhe Xhamin\u00eb Sidi Yahia, e cila u p\u00ebrfundua pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb mbret\u00ebrimit t\u00eb Mansa Musa. S\u00eb bashku me Xhamin\u00eb Jingereber, k\u00ebto formuan nj\u00eb grup shkencor lokal &#8211; Universitetin e Sankore.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Edukimi Kur&#8217;anor filloi t\u00eb zhvillohej n\u00eb rajon n\u00eb shekullin e 11-t\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, gjat\u00eb lul\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Mali, studiues mysliman\u00eb filluan t\u00eb dynden n\u00eb rajon nga e gjith\u00eb bota, gj\u00eb q\u00eb kontribuoi n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb shkolle shkencore lokale. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb mbret\u00ebrimit t\u00eb Mansa Musa-s, Universiteti i Sankore kishte bibliotek\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb kontinent, me nj\u00eb koleksion t\u00eb gjer\u00eb librash dhe dor\u00ebshkrimesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Qyteti i Timbuktu u b\u00eb qendra kryesore shkencore islame n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore. S\u00eb pari dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt punuan n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrime, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb arabisht, duke p\u00ebrdorur shkrimin Ajami, i cili bazohet n\u00eb grafikat arabe dhe p\u00ebrshtatur me gjuh\u00ebt afrikane. Koleksioni i dor\u00ebshkrimeve p\u00ebrfshin vepra mbi astronomin\u00eb, matematik\u00ebn, mjek\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe filozofin\u00eb, si dhe vepra fetare dhe transkriptime t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb Kuranit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dor\u00ebshkrimet nga Timbuktu jan\u00eb ende duke u p\u00ebrkthyer dhe studiuar edhe sot e k\u00ebsaj dite. Gjat\u00eb dekadave t\u00eb fundit, jan\u00eb nisur nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb projektesh nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, q\u00eb synojn\u00eb ruajtjen dhe deshifrimin e dor\u00ebshkrimeve. Tre prej tyre jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb ambicioz\u00ebt. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">K\u00ebto jan\u00eb Projekti i Dor\u00ebshkrimeve Norvegjeze t\u00eb Timbuktu (Universiteti i Oslos), Dor\u00ebshkrimet Timbuktu (qeverit\u00eb e Luksemburgut dhe Malit) dhe Projekti i Dor\u00ebshkrimeve Timbuktu nga Universiteti i Cape To\u00ebn, i zbatuar me mb\u00ebshtetjen e Partneritetit t\u00eb Ri t\u00eb Bashkimit Afrikan p\u00ebr Zhvillimin e Afrik\u00ebs (NEPAD) dhe qeveria e Afrik\u00ebs s\u00eb Jugut. I gjith\u00eb koleksioni i dor\u00ebshkrimeve num\u00ebron nga 400,000 deri n\u00eb 500,000 kopje.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_685328\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-685328\" class=\"size-full wp-image-685328\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d4520302755511d83a9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d4520302755511d83a9.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d4520302755511d83a9-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828d4520302755511d83a9-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-685328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrim i vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn Juma Al Majid p\u00ebr ruajtjen dhe restaurimin e dor\u00ebshkrimeve t\u00eb Timbuktu m\u00eb 19 janar 2010 n\u00eb Timbuktu, Mali<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Trash\u00ebgimia dhe r\u00ebnia e perandoris\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mbret\u00ebrimi i Mansa Musa shpesh quhet Epoka e Art\u00eb e Perandoris\u00eb Mali. Sipas vler\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb Qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb Oksfordit p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb Globale, ai sundoi mbi territoret e Senegalit modern, Malit, Guines\u00eb dhe Guinea-Bissau, si dhe Mauritanis\u00eb, Burkina Fasos, Gambis\u00eb dhe Bregut t\u00eb Fildisht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Jo vet\u00ebm zgjerimi territorial i perandoris\u00eb, por edhe lul\u00ebzimi i saj kulturor &#8211; zhvillimi i shpejt\u00eb i nd\u00ebrtimit, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe shkenc\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat vijuan m\u00eb pas &#8211; d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nivelin e lart\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00ebsive menaxheriale dhe diplomatike t\u00eb Mansa Musa-s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sidoqoft\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht rritjes s\u00eb vazhdueshme n\u00eb sfer\u00ebn kulturore, me vdekjen e Mansa Musa, zhvillimi politik i shtetit filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetonte nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb. N\u00ebn trash\u00ebgimtar\u00ebt e Mansa Musa-s, fuqia e perandoris\u00eb u zvog\u00eblua ndjesh\u00ebm, gj\u00eb q\u00eb u leht\u00ebsua si nga mosp\u00ebrputhjet e brendshme socio-ekonomike ashtu edhe nga presioni i jasht\u00ebm, t\u00eb cilin udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e rinj nuk ishin n\u00eb gjendje t&#8217;i p\u00ebrballonin aq mir\u00eb sa p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur t\u00eb bashkuar territorin e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Territoret k\u00ebrkuan t\u00eb ndaheshin nga qendra p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur politikat e tyre ekonomike dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur mir\u00ebqenien dhe \u00e7rregullimi i trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb grindje t\u00eb brendshme dhe dob\u00ebsim t\u00eb shtetit. Tokat n\u00eb lindje t\u00eb vendit dhe m\u00eb pas qytetet Timbuktu dhe Gao, qendrat kryesore ekonomike dhe kulturore, u p\u00ebrthith\u00ebn nga populli Songhai, i cili po forconte pushtetin n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nga mesi i shekullit t\u00eb 15-t\u00eb, Perandoria Mali kishte humbur pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb saj n\u00eb veri, kishte p\u00ebsuar sulme t\u00eb shpeshta n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt tregtare dhe u p\u00ebrball me presionin nga lindja nga Perandoria Songhai n\u00eb rritje, e cila m\u00eb von\u00eb p\u00ebrthith plot\u00ebsisht Malin.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_685331\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-685331\" class=\"size-full wp-image-685331\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828c37203027569d081ffc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828c37203027569d081ffc.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828c37203027569d081ffc-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/66828c37203027569d081ffc-768x503.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-685331\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Universiteti i Sankore<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Universiteti i Sankore<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">R\u00ebnia e Perandoris\u00eb Mali si furnizuesi kryesor i arit n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb ndryshime n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb mase i shtyu vendet evropiane t\u00eb zgjeroheshin si n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Latine ashtu edhe n\u00eb zonat bregdetare t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb metaleve t\u00eb \u00e7muara.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Portugalia, fuqia m\u00eb e madhe detare e koh\u00ebs, ishte shum\u00eb e varur nga ari q\u00eb vinte nga Mali p\u00ebrmes Marokut. Ishin k\u00ebto fonde q\u00eb u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb eksploruar tokat e Bot\u00ebs s\u00eb Re. Shkat\u00ebrrimi i rrjetit t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm tregtar dhe krijimi i kolonive n\u00eb zon\u00ebn bregdetare t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Mali i lejoi portugez\u00ebve t\u00eb nxirrnin arin n\u00eb rajon pa pasur nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Megjith\u00eb r\u00ebnien me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn t\u00eb gjitha perandorit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha p\u00ebrballen her\u00ebt a von\u00eb, periudha e lul\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Malit n\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Mansa Musa \u00ebsht\u00eb mish\u00ebruar n\u00eb pasurin\u00eb materiale t\u00eb asaj epoke, si dhe n\u00eb kujtes\u00ebn kolektive t\u00eb popujve Mande q\u00eb formuan baz\u00ebn e popullsia e vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>VINI RE<\/strong><\/span>: Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rt.com\/africa\/600253-mansa-musa-africa-sahel\/\">RT<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">P\u00ebrgatiti p\u00ebr <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Hashtag.al,<\/span> Klodian Manjani<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historia parakoloniale e vendeve afrikane meriton v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb madhe. Kontinenti afrikan u b\u00eb nj\u00eb vend ku lind\u00ebn dhe lul\u00ebzuan perandorit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha tregtare gjat\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs. Zona Sahel, \u2018bregu ranor\u2019 afrikan, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb brez toke q\u00eb shtrihet nga Oqeani Atlantik deri n\u00eb Detin e Kuq, u b\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj qendre civilizimi p\u00ebr kontinentin. Ishte [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":685332,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-685323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ballina"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=685323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685323\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/685332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=685323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=685323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=685323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}