{"id":659612,"date":"2024-03-08T09:49:52","date_gmt":"2024-03-08T08:49:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=659612"},"modified":"2024-03-08T09:49:52","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T08:49:52","slug":"kompjuteri-i-shahut-qe-mundi-benjamin-franklinin-dhe-napoleonin-240-vite-me-pare-video","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2024\/03\/08\/kompjuteri-i-shahut-qe-mundi-benjamin-franklinin-dhe-napoleonin-240-vite-me-pare-video\/","title":{"rendered":"“Kompjuteri” i shahut q\u00eb mundi Benjamin Franklinin dhe Napoleonin 240 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb (Video)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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N\u00eb vitin 1997, superkompjuteri Deep Blue i IBM b\u00ebri historin\u00eb e inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale (AI), duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb makina e par\u00eb q\u00eb mund nj\u00eb kampion bot\u00ebror n\u00eb fuqi, Gary Kasparovin – n\u00eb loj\u00ebn e shahut.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse Kasparov arriti t\u00eb barazonte dy ndeshje t\u00eb tjera me Deep Blue dhe fitoi tre t\u00eb tjera, ishte nj\u00eb arritje mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse p\u00ebr AI. Shahu megjithat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb loj\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb pakufizuar l\u00ebvizjesh t\u00eb mundshme.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mundja e njer\u00ebzve nga kompjuteri mori dekada zhvillimesh n\u00eb informatik\u00eb, e ndjekur nga, n\u00eb rastin e AlphaZero t\u00eb Google, kat\u00ebr or\u00eb m\u00ebsim t\u00eb rregullave dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebsuarit p\u00ebr t\u00eb luajtur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1770, Wolfgang von Kempelen i prezantoi bot\u00ebs nj\u00eb makineri shahu q\u00eb mundi njer\u00ebzit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Von Kempelen s\u00eb pari ia zbuloi pajisjen perandoresh\u00ebs Maria Theresa t\u00eb Austris\u00eb. Ajo p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej nga nj\u00eb kabinet i madh q\u00eb supozohet se ishte i mbushur me dh\u00ebmb\u00ebza dhe pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera mekanike, nj\u00eb tabel\u00eb shahu n\u00eb krye dhe nj\u00eb humanoid mekanik me or\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u zhvendosur rreth pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb shahut.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpara shfaqjes, von Kempelen shfaqi kabinetin p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar se ishte bosh dhe se nuk kishte asgje tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7 makineris\u00eb dhe ngriti rrobat e humanoidit p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar se nuk kishte asnj\u00eb mashtrim njer\u00ebzor ose ndonj\u00eb mashtrim tjet\u00ebr. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas ai b\u00ebri nj\u00eb shfaqje t\u00eb madhe duke e mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb pajisjen si nj\u00eb or\u00eb, p\u00ebrpara se ai t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb veprim dhe t\u00eb fillonte t\u00eb l\u00ebvizte copa rreth tabel\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pajisja fitoi ndeshjen e saj t\u00eb par\u00eb, duke impresionuar dhe ngat\u00ebrruar gjykat\u00ebn e pranishme. Megjith\u00ebse kishte skeptik\u00eb n\u00eb turm\u00eb dhe dyshohej p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lloj mashtrimi, perandoresha Maria Tereza dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb impresionuar dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur me “makin\u00ebn” e shahut. <\/span><\/p>\n

Von Kempelen vizitoi makinerin\u00eb e shahut gjat\u00eb jav\u00ebve t\u00eb ardhshme, duke shkaktuar nj\u00eb trazir\u00eb n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb. S’kaloi shum\u00eb, atij iu k\u00ebrkua t\u00eb b\u00ebnte nj\u00eb xhiro me t\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr Evrop\u00eb, duke u takuar dhe luajtur shah kund\u00ebr figurave t\u00eb famshme t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ashtu si nj\u00eb makineri me avull e shekullit t\u00eb 18-t\u00eb, “Turku Mekanik” luajti kund\u00ebr Napoleon Bonapartit, Charles Babbage (shpesh i p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetur si babai i informatik\u00ebs) dhe Benjamin Franklin, duke i mundur t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr dy dekada, megjith\u00ebse shum\u00eb dyshuan se ishte nj\u00eb mashtrim, askush nuk mund ta kuptonte se si u krye. Kishte shum\u00eb, gjithashtu, q\u00eb besonin se “Turku Mekanik” ishte aq mekanik sa sugjeronte emri i tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Makineria” ishte nj\u00eb shahiste e denj\u00eb, por mund t\u00eb mposhtej. Ajo i dinte rregullat, t\u00eb cilat do ishin m\u00eb se mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb makineri n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe luante taktikisht. N\u00eb fakt, ajo luajti aq mir\u00eb sa do prisnit q\u00eb nj\u00eb shahist i mir\u00eb \u2018i fshehur\u2019 ta komanadonte.<\/span><\/p>\n

Makina u shp\u00ebrnda nga pronar\u00ebt dhe vijoi t\u00eb luante p\u00ebrpara se, n\u00eb vitin 1857, djali i pronarit t\u00eb saj p\u00ebrfundimtar t’i zbulonte t\u00eb gjitha n\u00eb nj\u00eb seri artikujsh p\u00ebr Chess Monthly. Makina drejtohej nga nj\u00eb shahist i fshehur bukur brenda kabinetit. <\/span><\/p>\n

Pjes\u00ebt e shahut ishin magnetike dhe korrespondonin me nj\u00eb tabel\u00eb shahu posht\u00eb, duke i lejuar operatorit t\u00eb dinte se \u00e7far\u00eb l\u00ebvizje ishte luajtur. M\u00eb pas i takonte aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb shah p\u00ebr t\u00eb mposhtur kund\u00ebrshtarin e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n

“P\u00ebr t\u00eb ekzekutuar l\u00ebvizjet, lojtari angazhoi nj\u00eb pantograf, i cili pozicionoi krahun mekanik t\u00eb makineris\u00eb mbi tabel\u00ebn e loj\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrdorte dor\u00ebn e tij kap\u00ebse,”<\/em> shpjegoi Dan Flannigan n\u00eb librin e tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7do katrori t\u00eb tabel\u00ebs s\u00eb fshehur t\u00eb shahut, ishte hapur nj\u00eb vrim\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb pik\u00ebn e pantografit. Duke e futur k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e d\u00ebshiruar, lojtari mund t\u00eb ekzekutonte l\u00ebvizjet e tij pa qen\u00eb n\u00eb kontakt vizual me loj\u00ebn aktuale n\u00eb tabel\u00eb fizike.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Dhe k\u00ebshtu humb\u00ebn Benjamin Franklin dhe Napoleoni n\u00eb nj\u00eb loj\u00eb tavoline, jo nga nj\u00eb makin\u00eb, por nga nj\u00eb shahist i ngjeshur brenda nj\u00eb kabineti q\u00eb drejtonte nj\u00eb kukull t\u00eb madhe metalike.<\/span><\/p>\n