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*<\/span>Nga David Kirichenko<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa tanket ruse nis\u00ebn sulmin dhe bombat filluan t\u00eb binin n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb n\u00eb shkurt 2022, Evropa d\u00ebshmoi konfliktin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb tok\u00ebn evropiane q\u00eb nga Lufta e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Por pushtimi i Rusis\u00eb nuk ka qen\u00eb i kufizuar n\u00eb operacionet tradicionale fizike. Ai ka sh\u00ebnuar gjithashtu fillimin e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb kibernetike gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb Per\u00ebndimi t\u00eb studioj\u00eb shpejt m\u00ebsimet e nxjerra deri tani nga kjo luft\u00eb kibernetike midis Rusis\u00eb dhe Ukrain\u00ebs. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore t\u00eb ndihmohen ukrainasit t\u00eb zgjerojn\u00eb aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tyre n\u00eb frontin kibernetik, ashtu si\u00e7 nevojitet ndihma ushtarake n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e betej\u00ebs fizike.<\/span><\/p>\n Duke zbatuar k\u00ebto m\u00ebsime, Per\u00ebndimi mund t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb mbrojtjen e tij kibernetike dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatis\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb aleat\u00ebt p\u00ebr luft\u00ebrat e ardhshme kibernetike.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa bota u dixhitalizua dhe Kremlini rrit ambiciet, Rusia filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb sulmet kibernetike si nj\u00eb mjet t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur q\u00ebllimet e saj politike. Duke filluar nga Estonia n\u00eb 2007 p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebshkuar vendin p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb e konsideronte sjellje anti-ruse, Rusia m\u00eb pas zhvilloi sulme kibernetike kund\u00ebr Gjeorgjis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar sulmin e saj me trupa ndaj vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n Ajo p\u00ebrdori Ukrain\u00ebn si nj\u00eb terren prove p\u00ebr arm\u00ebt kibernetike p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb fillonte p\u00ebrfundimisht luft\u00ebn e par\u00eb kibernetike kund\u00ebr vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa Ukraina i mbijetoi shum\u00eb prej sulmeve m\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruese n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn jetike, lufta kibernetike midis Izraelit dhe Iranit ka treguar gjithashtu ekstremet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb marrin k\u00ebto sulme, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb sulmi kibernetik ndaj termocentralit b\u00ebrthamor t\u00eb Iranit.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb koalicion i suksessh\u00ebm i qeverive per\u00ebndimore dhe kompanive t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb ka luajtur nj\u00eb rol jetik n\u00eb mbajtjen elastike t\u00eb mbrojtjes kibernetike t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs, \u00a0e v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb, ashtu si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e betej\u00ebs: pa mb\u00ebshtetje, Ukraina \u00ebsht\u00eb e kufizuar n\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar dhe mposhtur sulmet e Rusis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb pushtimit, Rusia u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb rr\u00ebzonte sistemet jetike t\u00eb komunikimit p\u00ebr ushtrin\u00eb ukrainase me nj\u00eb sulm ndaj satelit\u00ebve Viasat, duke sh\u00ebnuar sulmin e saj m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb luft\u00ebs deri tani ndaj ofruesit t\u00eb telekomit t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs, Kyivstar.<\/span><\/p>\n Intensiteti i sulmeve kibernetike ruse \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur nd\u00ebrsa lufta zvarritet dhe Ukraina duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e armatosur m\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb degraduar aft\u00ebsit\u00eb kibernetike sulmuese t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb. Shkat\u00ebrrimi i aft\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb armikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar luft\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb parim ky\u00e7 n\u00eb luft\u00eb, qoft\u00eb konvencionale apo kibernetike.<\/span><\/p>\n Mb\u00ebshtetja e aft\u00ebsive kibernetike \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sepse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb lufta e par\u00eb me sulme t\u00eb integruara kibernetike dhe fizike n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e betej\u00ebs. Ka shum\u00eb m\u00ebsime p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr luft\u00ebrat e ardhshme. Nd\u00ebrsa Rusia nuk i ka integruar mir\u00eb dy llojet e sulmeve, Ukrain\u00ebs duhet t’i jepen m\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb ekzekutuar si\u00e7 duhet me mb\u00ebshtetjen per\u00ebndimore.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00ebse Per\u00ebndimi nuk arrin t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet Ukrain\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb luft\u00eb kibernetike, ai gjithashtu do t\u00eb minoj\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar n\u00eb fushat e ardhshme t\u00eb betej\u00ebs. Ai do t\u00eb minoj\u00eb investimin e Per\u00ebndimit n\u00eb armatimet konvencionale n\u00ebse operacionet fizike nuk mb\u00ebshteten nga aft\u00ebsit\u00eb kibernetike.<\/span><\/p>\n Ajo q\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb frontin kibernetik nuk lidhet thjesht me Ukrain\u00ebn dhe Rusin\u00eb, por ka nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim, sepse Rusia tashm\u00eb ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb luft\u00eb hibride prej vitesh.<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa fusha kibernetike mbetet nj\u00eb zon\u00eb gri, Rusia do vijoj\u00eb t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb sulmet e saj ndaj Per\u00ebndimit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht teksa bota b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb e varur nga ana dixhitale. K\u00ebshtu, p\u00ebrforcimi i aft\u00ebsive kibernetike t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb adreson k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e menj\u00ebhershme, por gjithashtu frenon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb strategjike aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e Rusis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb n\u00eb interesin e Per\u00ebndimit q\u00eb t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t’i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs arm\u00ebt kibernetike q\u00eb nevojiten p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur interesat e siguris\u00eb s\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit. Kjo p\u00ebrfshin ndarjen me Ukrain\u00ebn, p\u00ebrpara zbulimit publik, t\u00eb informacionit mbi dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e \u201cdit\u00ebs zero\u201d, t\u00eb njohura p\u00ebr firmat e teknologjis\u00eb per\u00ebndimore dhe agjencit\u00eb e inteligjenc\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb cenueshm\u00ebri e dit\u00ebs zero \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb defekt i siguris\u00eb s\u00eb softuerit q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzohet nga sulmuesit p\u00ebrpara se zhvilluesi t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar dhe l\u00ebshuar nj\u00eb rregullim ose p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb preksh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb pambrojtur.<\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb ndarje e till\u00eb e inteligjenc\u00ebs do t’i mund\u00ebsonte Ukrain\u00ebs t\u00eb synonte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb strategjike kapacitetet ekonomike dhe infrastrukturore t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb, duke minuar p\u00ebrpjekjet e saj p\u00ebr luft\u00eb. Qeverit\u00eb n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim duhet t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb me kujdes rreziqet dhe, aty ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme, t\u00eb mendojn\u00eb p\u00ebr furnizimin e inteligjenc\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, nd\u00ebrsa kompanit\u00eb e teknologjis\u00eb per\u00ebndimore t\u00ebrhiqen gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb nga Rusia, mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr veprim do zgjerohet. Rusia do detyrohet t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb burimet e saj t\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb, duke pak\u00ebsuar k\u00ebshtu potencialin p\u00ebr d\u00ebmtimin kolateral ndaj Per\u00ebndimit nga shfryt\u00ebzimi i dob\u00ebsive n\u00eb sistemet ruse.<\/span><\/p>\n Duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e duhura p\u00ebr t’u shfryt\u00ebzuar, do t’i ofroj\u00eb gjithashtu Per\u00ebndimit mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb efektive n\u00eb luft\u00ebn kibernetike dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mbrojtjen kibernetike t\u00eb vet\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit.<\/span><\/p>\n S\u00eb fundi, ndihma p\u00ebr mbrojtjen kibernetike t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs do ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb fillimin e p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb vijave t\u00eb kuqe kibernetike t\u00eb NATO-s, t\u00eb cilat aktualisht nuk ekzistojn\u00eb pasi Rusia vijon t\u00eb shtyj\u00eb kufijt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb sulmoj\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn kritike.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00ebse Ukraina mund t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb efektivisht fushata kibernetike n\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb kund\u00ebr Rusis\u00eb me mb\u00ebshtetjen e Per\u00ebndimit, kjo do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar shtetet e tjera si Kina, Irani dhe Koreja e Veriut nga nisja e sulmeve shkat\u00ebrruese kibernetike n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/span><\/p>\n *<\/span>David Kirichenko \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb inxhinier sigurie ukrainas-amerikan dhe gazetar i pavarur. Q\u00eb nga pushtimi i plot\u00eb i Ukrain\u00ebs nga Rusia n\u00eb vitin 2022, ai ka marr\u00eb nj\u00eb rol aktivist civil.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n