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Sa para ka Bundeswehri p\u00ebr avion\u00eb, tanke dhe pajisje t\u00eb reja? Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb dilem\u00eb e madhe, por edhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb pyetja: kush do t’i drejtoj\u00eb ata avion\u00eb dhe kush do t\u00eb ulet n\u00eb tanke? P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb diskutuar p\u00ebr rikthimin e sh\u00ebrbimit ushtarak n\u00eb Gjermani, por nuk ka marr\u00ebveshje. Opozita CDU\/CSU \u00ebsht\u00eb e prirur t\u00eb rikthej\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin, qoft\u00eb civil apo n\u00ebn arm\u00eb, koalicioni qeveris\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr skeptik. Duhet pranuar q\u00eb ministri socialdemokrat i Mbrojtjes Boris Pistorius deklaroi se ishte nj\u00eb “gabim” q\u00eb ishte hequr sh\u00ebrbimi ushtarak n\u00eb vitin 2011, por ai nuk tha qart\u00eb, se cila mund t\u00eb ishte alternativa sot.<\/span><\/p>\n “Pistorius qartazi d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb diskutoj\u00eb ide t\u00eb ndryshme,” vler\u00ebson Sophia Besch nga Carnegie Endowment for International Peace n\u00eb Uashington. “Kjo sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen ndaj Bundeswehrit si nj\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs i mundsh\u00ebm.” Por as ministri dhe as qeveria nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb asgj\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, vet\u00ebm parlamenti.<\/span><\/p>\n Pasi sh\u00ebrbimi ushtarak ekzistonte p\u00ebr dekada si n\u00eb Gjermanin\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore ashtu edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb Lindore, ai mbeti nj\u00eb “e drejt\u00eb dhe detyrim\u201d i qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb k\u00ebtij vendi edhe pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, edhe pse Bundestagu e pezulloi p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht k\u00ebt\u00eb detyrim n\u00eb vitin 2011. “Pas kriz\u00ebs financiare, parimi kryesor ishte t\u00eb “kursesh, kursesh”, p\u00ebrmbledh gjeneralmajor Wolf-J\u00fcrgen Stahl, president i Akademis\u00eb Gjermane p\u00ebr Politikat e Siguris\u00eb. “Siguria, mbi t\u00eb gjitha n\u00eb lidhje me Rusin\u00eb, u vler\u00ebsua n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb: konflikti ka p\u00ebrfunduar, tani ne b\u00ebjm\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka s\u00eb bashku. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, heqja e sh\u00ebrbimit ushtarak ishte nj\u00eb vendim logjik edhe p\u00ebr mua\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n Vet\u00ebm me d\u00ebshir\u00eb – v\u00ebshtir\u00eb<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n S\u00eb bashku me Gjermanin\u00eb, edhe shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb NATO-s kaluan n\u00eb nj\u00eb ushtri shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, por profesionale. Nga fundi i Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, n\u00eb Gjermani kishte ende gjysm\u00eb milioni njer\u00ebz me uniform\u00eb. Aktualisht 181.500 ushtar\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha deg\u00ebt e ushtris\u00eb gjermane. Por q\u00eb nga sulmi i Rusis\u00eb ndaj Ukrain\u00ebs, politikan\u00ebt n\u00eb Gjermani kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb mendojn\u00eb ndryshe p\u00ebr ushtrin\u00eb. Tani plani \u00ebsht\u00eb rritja e Bundeswehrit n\u00eb 203.000 an\u00ebtar\u00eb deri n\u00eb vitin 2031 – po si?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim nga komisionerja e mbrojtjes e Bundestagut, Eve H\u00f6gel, ajo shkruan se Bundeswehri do t\u00eb “ket\u00eb probleme” p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur k\u00ebt\u00eb personel n\u00ebse mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb nj\u00eb qasje vullnetare.<\/span><\/p>\n “Ne duhet t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb ushtri t\u00eb fort\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar edhe mendimin p\u00ebr t’u sulmuar,” p\u00ebrmbledh gjeneralmajori Stahl. “At\u00ebher\u00eb kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ne kemi nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz. Dhe si ta krijojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb staf? N\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, mendoj se do t\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb.”<\/span><\/p>\n Stahl flet p\u00ebr lidhjen e t\u00eb drejtave dhe detyrimeve t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin ushtarak, por politika duhet t\u00eb gjej\u00eb nj\u00eb ekuilib\u00ebr n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb. Vitet e fundit, Bundeswehri ka pasur nj\u00eb problem me simpatizant\u00ebt e s\u00eb djatht\u00ebs ekstreme n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e saj, nd\u00ebrsa sh\u00ebrbimi ushtarak \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur njer\u00ebz me uniform\u00eb nga t\u00eb gjitha pjes\u00ebt e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Parimi i vjet\u00ebr gjermanoper\u00ebndimor i “qytetarit me uniform\u00eb” \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb garanci e nj\u00eb force t\u00eb armatosur demokratike, e cila jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb duan arm\u00ebt dhe uniformat.<\/span><\/p>\n Z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsja e ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Mbrojtjes gjermane thekson se nj\u00eb nga “faktor\u00ebt vendimtar \u00ebsht\u00eb kontributi q\u00eb jep sh\u00ebrbimi ushtarak p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lidhje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe mes shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe forcave t\u00eb armatosura\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n Grat\u00eb? Dhe t\u00eb huajt? Ku jan\u00eb kazermat?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aspak e thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb rifutet rekrutimi. Fillimisht, drejt p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb detyrimit ushtarak, lindi pyetja, a duhej t\u00eb aplikonin p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbim edhe grat\u00eb n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb barazis\u00eb gjinore? Po qytetar\u00ebt me origjin\u00eb t\u00eb huaj?<\/span><\/p>\n Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, ekspert\u00eb gjerman\u00eb po studiojn\u00eb n\u00eb detaje t\u00eb ashtuquajturin “modeli suedez\u201d t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit ushtarak. N\u00eb Suedi rekrutohen t\u00eb gjith\u00eb personat nga mosha 16 deri n\u00eb 70 vje\u00e7, e n\u00eb procesin e rekrutimit t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pyeten n\u00ebse duan t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive n\u00eb ushtri, shpjegon Sophia Besch. Duket se shpresojn\u00eb se do t\u00eb ngjallin nj\u00eb interes p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin edhe me rekrutim t\u00eb detyruesh\u00ebm”. N\u00eb SHBA, kishte nj\u00eb llotari edhe para Vietnamit – data e lindjes s\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb do t\u00eb thirreshin n\u00eb ushtri u p\u00ebrcaktua rast\u00ebsisht, por pas asaj lufte nuk ka m\u00eb. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb midis mosh\u00ebs 18 dhe 25 duhet t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes rekrutimit – n\u00ebse jo trajnimit dhe sh\u00ebrbimit. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb gjithashtu se regjistrime t\u00eb tilla nuk kan\u00eb shum\u00eb kuptim n\u00eb rastin e rrezikut t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm ushtarak.<\/span><\/p>\n Dhe n\u00eb fund, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00e7\u00ebshtja se ku mund t\u00eb gjesh njer\u00ebz t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer, por problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb banal: ku t’i strehosh ata pasi nuk ka m\u00eb kazerma? Edhe p\u00ebr kontigjentin ekzistues \u00ebsht\u00eb problem sigurimi i veshjeve dhe pajisjeve. “Un\u00eb mendoj se kjo shif\u00ebr prej 2023 mij\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur deri n\u00eb vitin 2031. Ose t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn mund t\u00eb punohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb shif\u00ebr\u201d, vler\u00ebson Besch.<\/span><\/p>\n![\"Rekrut\u00ebt](\"https:\/\/static.dw.com\/image\/68054580_906.jpg\")
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