{"id":654401,"date":"2024-02-15T14:07:39","date_gmt":"2024-02-15T13:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=654401"},"modified":"2024-02-15T14:07:39","modified_gmt":"2024-02-15T13:07:39","slug":"deshifrohet-papirusi-i-djegur-para-2-000-vjetesh-ne-shperthimin-e-vezuvit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2024\/02\/15\/deshifrohet-papirusi-i-djegur-para-2-000-vjetesh-ne-shperthimin-e-vezuvit\/","title":{"rendered":"Deshifrohet papirusi i djegur para 2.000 vjet\u00ebsh n\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimin e Vezuvit","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb mij\u00eb pergamen\u00eb u varros\u00ebn dhe u mbuluan nga mbetjet vullkanike kur mali i Vezuvit shp\u00ebrtheu rreth 2000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Ato ishin n\u00eb nj\u00eb bibliotek\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vil\u00eb romake n\u00eb qytetin antik t\u00eb Erkolanos dhe u zbuluan n\u00eb vitet 1800 nga nj\u00eb fermer vendas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz qysh at\u00ebher\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb lexojn\u00eb tekstet n\u00eb papiruset e lasht\u00eb, por shumica e p\u00ebrpjekjeve d\u00ebshtonte, pasi dokumentet ishin t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruara. P\u00ebr shekuj me radh\u00eb ishin l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb n\u00ebn tok\u00eb, t\u00eb karbonizuar dhe t\u00eb brisht\u00eb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fituesit – Youssef Nader, Luke Farritor dhe Julian Schilliger – e mposht\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb sfid\u00eb duke arritur t\u00eb lexojn\u00eb kat\u00ebr paragaf\u00eb pa i hapur asnj\u00ebher\u00eb rolot\u00eb e papirusit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fitimi i sfid\u00ebs s\u00eb Vezuvit\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ata p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn “machine learning\u201d, nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale, p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar tekstin e lasht\u00eb grek. Nadery, Farritor dhe Schillinger kontribuan n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur n\u00eb komunitetin e pergamen\u00ebve t\u00eb Vezuvit dhe tani ndajn\u00eb \u00e7mimin e madh prej 650,000\u20ac.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Q\u00ebllimi ishte deshifrimi i kat\u00ebr paragraf\u00ebve t\u00eb tekstit, secili prej t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 140 karakteresh, me t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 85% t\u00eb karaktereve “t\u00eb rikuperueshme”, ose t\u00eb lexueshme.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Pamje<\/p>\n

Puna e tyre ka zbuluar ato q\u00eb besohet t\u00eb jen\u00eb tekste t\u00eb panjohura nga Philodemus, i ashtuquajturi filozofi n\u00eb rezidenc\u00eb t\u00eb vil\u00ebs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb tekst, Filodemi shkruan p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsive t\u00eb bukuris\u00eb, muzik\u00ebs dhe ushqimit. Studiuesit thon\u00eb, se kjo dhe zbulimet e ardhshme n\u00eb tekste do t’u japin atyre nj\u00eb “dritare unike n\u00eb bot\u00ebn klasike”.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn AI p\u00ebr t\u00eb lexuar nj\u00eb pergamen t\u00eb Herkulaneumit\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Rolot\u00eb jan\u00eb “\u00e7mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb” n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dixhitale duke p\u00ebrdorur tomografin\u00eb e kompjuterizuar (CT), ose fotot me rreze X, dhe teknologjin\u00eb \u2018machine learning’.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00eb pari, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2023, organizator\u00ebt e \u00e7mimit fotografuan pergamenat n\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuesin e grimcave t\u00eb Burimit t\u00eb Drit\u00ebs Diamond pran\u00eb Oksfordit n\u00eb Britanin\u00eb e Madhe. Kjo prodhoi skanime CT t\u00eb pergamenave me rezolucion t\u00eb lart\u00eb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Skanimet m\u00eb pas u shnd\u00ebrruan n\u00eb nj\u00eb v\u00ebllim vokselesh 3D. Vokselet jan\u00eb piksel\u00eb 3D, t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me blloqet e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura n\u00eb loj\u00ebn video Minecraft.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hapi i dyt\u00eb njihet si segmentimi. Ata gjurmuan shtresat e th\u00ebrrmuara t\u00eb papirusit t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb n\u00eb skanimin 3D. Kjo i lejoi ata t\u00eb zb\u00ebrthenin, ose t\u00eb rrafshonin imazhet.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dhe hapi i tret\u00eb ishte zbulimi i boj\u00ebs n\u00eb papirus. Ata p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn m\u00ebsimin e makin\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar zonat e boj\u00ebs n\u00eb segmentet e rrafshuara t\u00eb papirusit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Roloja<\/p>\n

Por k\u00ebtu vjen pjesa m\u00eb inteligjente. Modeli i \u2018machine learning’ nuk ishte trajnuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalluar shkronjat e lashta greke, njohjen optike t\u00eb karaktereve (OCR) ose ndonj\u00eb model tjet\u00ebr gjuhe. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, ai thjesht zbuloi njolla boje n\u00eb skanimin CT dhe m\u00eb pas kombinoi dhe rind\u00ebrtoi \u00e7do pozicion individual – dhe aty ku shfaqeshin shkronjat, aty kishte shkrim.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dekada pune sjellin fryte\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nga organizator\u00ebt e \u00e7mimit, Brent Seales i Universitetit t\u00eb Kentakit, kishte punuar p\u00ebr deshifrimin e pergamen\u00ebve t\u00eb Erkolanos p\u00ebr dekada. Seales ishte i pari q\u00eb p\u00ebrdori skanimet CT, por zbuloi se ishte e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb zbulohej boja, sepse kishte nj\u00eb dend\u00ebsi t\u00eb ngjashme me papirusin, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin ishte shkruar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Por zhvillimet fituan shpejt\u00ebsi kur Seales, sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsi i Silicon Valley, Nat Friedman dhe inxhinieri Daniel Gross nis\u00ebn konkursin n\u00eb mars 2023.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb zbulim erdhi brenda pak muajsh. Nj\u00eb ish-fizikant, Casey Handmer, vuri re nj\u00eb tekstur\u00eb t\u00eb plasaritur n\u00eb tekst dhe e quajti at\u00eb k\u00ebrcitje.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bashk\u00eb-fituesi Farritor, nj\u00eb student n\u00eb universitet dhe pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb intership-i SpaceX, p\u00ebrdori v\u00ebzhgimin e Handmer p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajnuar nj\u00eb model t\u00eb \u2018machine learning’ dhe deshifroi fjal\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb greke t\u00eb lasht\u00eb: \u03a0\u039f\u03a1\u03a6\u03a5\u03a1\u0391\u03f9, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb vjollc\u00eb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb tetor, Nader, nj\u00eb doktorant egjiptian n\u00eb Berlin, ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb lexonte disa kolona teksti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Schillinger, nj\u00eb student zviceran i robotik\u00ebs, i cili m\u00eb par\u00eb kishte fituar tre \u00e7mime p\u00ebr segmentimin, mund\u00ebsoi hart\u00ebn 3D t\u00eb pergamenave t\u00eb papirusit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Por ende ka shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb vitin 2024. Sfida tjet\u00ebr e Vezuvit \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb lexohet nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr e t\u00ebr\u00eb ose pergamen deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/span> Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e<\/span> DW<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb mij\u00eb pergamen\u00eb u varros\u00ebn dhe u mbuluan nga mbetjet vullkanike kur mali i Vezuvit shp\u00ebrtheu rreth 2000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Ato ishin n\u00eb nj\u00eb bibliotek\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vil\u00eb romake n\u00eb qytetin antik t\u00eb Erkolanos dhe u zbuluan n\u00eb vitet 1800 nga nj\u00eb fermer vendas.\u00a0 Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz qysh at\u00ebher\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":4,"featured_media":654404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-654401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fast-foodi"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/654401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=654401"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/654401\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/654404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=654401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=654401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=654401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}