{"id":634159,"date":"2023-11-23T16:15:42","date_gmt":"2023-11-23T15:15:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=634159"},"modified":"2023-11-23T16:15:42","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T15:15:42","slug":"brenda-perandorise-se-madhe-ekonomike-te-hamasit-the-economist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2023\/11\/23\/brenda-perandorise-se-madhe-ekonomike-te-hamasit-the-economist\/","title":{"rendered":"Brenda perandoris\u00eb s\u00eb madhe ekonomike t\u00eb Hamasit – The Economist","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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I par\u00eb nga nj\u00ebri prej restoranteve m\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer t\u00eb Stambollit, Bosfori duket tejet madh\u00ebshtor. Vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vendstrehim i preferuar i biznesmen\u00ebve, t\u00eb famshm\u00ebve por edhe financuesve t\u00eb Hamasit. Nj\u00eb burr\u00eb, ndaj t\u00eb cilit Amerika ka vendosur sanksione p\u00ebr financimin e grupit islamik, ka rr\u00ebfyer s\u00eb fundmi p\u00ebr rolet q\u00eb ka n\u00eb borde t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cJan\u00eb qesharake\u201d,<\/em> thot\u00eb ai, i pyetur mbi akuzat e SHBA-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por n\u00eb fund e pranon duke th\u00ebn\u00eb: \u201dTani, n\u00ebse po m\u00eb pyesni se \u00e7far\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb punonj\u00ebsit tan\u00eb me parat\u00eb e tyre, e pse do t\u00eb duhej ta di?\u201d.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Hamasi ka tre burime t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb saj: forc\u00ebn fizike brenda Gaz\u00ebs, shtrirjen e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb ideve radikale dhe t\u00eb ardhurat e tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

Q\u00eb nga sulmet e Hamasit m\u00eb 7 tetor, Izraeli ka vrar\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 12.000 palestinez\u00eb n\u00eb Gaza n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruar organizat\u00ebn ekstremiste. Por synimi i deklaruar i Izraelit p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, k\u00ebrkon edhe \u00e7montimin e baz\u00ebs s\u00eb tij financiare. Dhe shum\u00eb pak nga kjo e fundit gjendet n\u00eb Gaza.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb s\u00eb shumti, ajo gjendet kryesisht jasht\u00eb Gaz\u00ebs, n\u00eb vendet mike t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes. E pajisur me pastrues parash, kompani minerare dhe shum\u00eb mjete t\u00eb tjera, perandoria financiare e Hamasit llogaritet se ark\u00ebton m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1 miliard dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit. Duke qen\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar me shum\u00eb kujdes p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur sanksionet per\u00ebndimore, ajo mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e paarritshme p\u00ebr Izraelin dhe aleat\u00ebt e tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb ardhurat e Hamasit paguajn\u00eb p\u00ebr gjith\u00e7ka, nga pagat e m\u00ebsuesve deri tek raketat. Rreth 360 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb, ark\u00ebtohen \u00e7do vit nga taksat e importit p\u00ebr mallrat e sjella n\u00eb Gaza nga Bregu Per\u00ebndimor apo Egjipti. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb burimi m\u00eb i leht\u00eb i parave q\u00eb mund t\u00eb bllokoj\u00eb Izraeli.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pas t\u00ebrheqjes nga Rripi i Gaz\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 2005, ai kufizoi rrept\u00ebsisht l\u00ebvizjen e mallrave dhe njer\u00ebzve p\u00ebrtej kufirit. Tani po ndalon hyrjen edhe t\u00eb produkteve m\u00eb themelore p\u00ebr jetes\u00ebn normale. Megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eb fluks shum\u00eb m\u00eb i madh t\u00eb ardhurash vjen nga jasht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zyrtar\u00ebt izraelit\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shum\u00eb prej rreth 750 milion\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh n\u00eb vit, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb burimin kryesor t\u00eb financimit p\u00ebr rezervat aktuale t\u00eb arm\u00ebve dhe karburantit t\u00eb Hamasit. Disa vijn\u00eb nga qeverit\u00eb mike, dhe pjesa m\u00eb e madhe i takon Iranit. SHBA llogarit se Ajatollah\u00ebt iranian\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb 100 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr grupet islamike palestineze, kryesisht n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb ushtarake.<\/span><\/p>\n

Detyra e financuesve t\u00eb Hamasit, \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u2019i l\u00ebvizin k\u00ebto para pa r\u00ebn\u00eb pre e sanksioneve t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs. Vet\u00ebm gjat\u00eb muajit t\u00eb kaluar, zyrtar\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb, vendos\u00ebn 3 raunde kufizimesh ndaj njer\u00ebzve dhe kompanive p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb financimit t\u00eb Hamasit, raporton The Economist<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Shmangia e sanksioneve amerikane k\u00ebrkon nj\u00ebfar\u00eb zgjuarsie. Miliona dollar\u00eb shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr Hamasin p\u00ebrmes tregjeve t\u00eb kriptomonedhave. \u201cDo t\u00eb habiteshit se sa pjes\u00eb e aktivitetit tregtar shkon p\u00ebr llogari t\u00eb Hamasit\u201d- thot\u00eb Firuze Segzin, ekonomiste n\u00eb Universitetin Bilkent.<\/span><\/p>\n

Departamenti Amerikan i Thesarit, thot\u00eb se Hamasi ka kontrabanduar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 20 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebrmes Redin, nj\u00eb agjenci shk\u00ebmbimi valutor q\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb lagjen e vjet\u00ebr Fatih n\u00eb Stamboll. Por pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e parave t\u00eb Hamasit – t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 500 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit sipas pretendimeve t\u00eb zyrtar\u00ebve izraelit\u00eb – vjen nga investimet e tij, disa prej t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb kompani t\u00eb regjistruara n\u00eb vende t\u00eb Lindjes s\u00eb Mesme.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ato drejtohen nga ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb zyr\u00ebs s\u00eb investimeve t\u00eb Hamasit, dhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit jan\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes. Zyrtar\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb thon\u00eb se k\u00ebto kompani dhurojn\u00eb para p\u00ebr bamir\u00ebsi, t\u00eb cilat nga ana e tyre i d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00ebn e fondeve p\u00ebr Hamasin. Zyrtar\u00ebt turq e pranojn\u00eb se ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb fitimet shp\u00ebrndahen drejtp\u00ebrdrejt<\/span><\/p>\n

Zb\u00ebrthimi i skem\u00ebs s\u00eb fluksit p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilit l\u00ebvizin k\u00ebto t\u00eb ardhura \u00ebsht\u00eb jo pak i nd\u00ebrlikuar p\u00ebr entet rregullatore per\u00ebndimore. Nj\u00eb kompani e till\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoi \u201cAfra Mall\u201d, qendr\u00ebn e par\u00eb tregtare n\u00eb Sudan, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr nj\u00eb minier\u00eb pran\u00eb Khartoum, kryeqyteti i vendit. Nj\u00eb e tret\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoi disa rrokaqiej n\u00eb Sharjah, n\u00eb Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe. Shumica e prej k\u00ebtyre kompanive, mburren me marr\u00ebveshjet e tyre t\u00eb biznesit, por e mohojn\u00eb lidhjen me Hamasin.<\/span><\/p>\n

A mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpritet ndonj\u00eb nga flukset e t\u00eb ardhurave q\u00eb i ka mbetur Hamasit? Kjo varet nga vendet n\u00ebp\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat rrjedhin ato. Q\u00eb nga viti 1989, kur Izraeli arrestoi disa drejtues t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb Hamasit n\u00eb Gaza dhe Bregun Per\u00ebndimor, bankier\u00ebt e organizat\u00ebs kan\u00eb jetuar jasht\u00eb vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, ndryshimet gjeopolitike i kan\u00eb detyruar ata t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb zhvendosen her\u00eb pas here. K\u00ebshtu Hamasi e braktisi qendr\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb par\u00eb financiare, Amanin, pasi u forcuan shum\u00eb lidhjet e Jordanis\u00eb me Amerik\u00ebn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sot, nd\u00ebrsa politikan\u00ebt e Hamasit preferojn\u00eb Doh\u00ebn, kryeqytetin e Katarit, dhe kompanit\u00eb e tij shtrihen nga Algjeria dhe Sudani deri n\u00eb Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe, financuesit e organizat\u00ebs jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll. Atje jeton edhe Zaher Jabarin, i akuzuar nga Izraeli se drejton financat e Hamasit (akuz\u00ebn q\u00eb ai e mohon), ashtu si disa individ\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00ebn sanksionet e SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb financimit t\u00eb organizat\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

I interesuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar ndikim rajonal n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet mb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb kauz\u00ebs palestineze, presidenti i Turqis\u00eb, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, u ofron vazhdimisht strehim atyre. Izraeli thot\u00eb se qeveria turke i jep pasaporta (akuza q\u00eb s\u00ebrish i mohon), dhe e lejon Hamasin t\u00eb ket\u00eb selin\u00eb e saj n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vend.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, sistemi bankar i Turqis\u00eb e ndihmon Hamasin t\u00eb shmang\u00eb sanksionet amerikane, duke arritur t\u00eb kryej\u00eb transaksione komplekse n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. At\u00eb e ndihmon edhe tregu i lul\u00ebzuar i kriptomonedhave. Shum\u00eb nga bankat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Kuveyt Turk, jan\u00eb akuzuar nga Izraeli dhe SHBA-ja se kan\u00eb ruajtur me vet\u00ebdije parat\u00eb e Hamasit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Madje ka z\u00ebra q\u00eb thon\u00eb se Erdogan e miraton n\u00eb heshtje k\u00ebt\u00eb praktik\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 2021, Task Forca e Veprimit Financiar, nj\u00eb organ mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebse i vendeve t\u00eb G-7, e vendosi Turqin\u00eb n\u00eb \u201clist\u00ebn gri\u201d t\u00eb vendeve q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb shum\u00eb pak p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngrir\u00eb asetet e terrorist\u00ebve. Askush nuk p\u00ebrfiton m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa biznesmen\u00ebt e Hamasit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Miratimi i heshtur i qeveris\u00eb turke \u201chap dyert dhe leht\u00ebson b\u00ebrjen e biznesit<\/em>\u201d, thot\u00eb nj\u00eb nga punonj\u00ebsit e financave t\u00eb grupit. Trend Gyo, nj\u00eb kompani e regjistruar n\u00eb Stamboll, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur n\u00ebn sanksione nga SHBA-ja p\u00ebr kanalizimin e fondeve p\u00ebr Hamasin, fitoi s\u00eb fundmi nj\u00eb tender nga qeveria turke p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar Universitetin Tregtar t\u00eb Stambollit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kompanit\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtimit, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb portofolin e investimeve t\u00eb Hamasit, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrthithin n\u00eb heshtje sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha parash dhe t\u00eb marrin rregullisht kredi n\u00eb shuma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Dhe e gjitha kjo i jep mund\u00ebsi zyrtar\u00ebve turq t\u00eb thon\u00eb se ato nuk po mbulojn\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt financat e Hamasit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deri m\u00eb tani, Hamasi duket i pap\u00ebrshkuesh\u00ebm nga goditjet, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb aspektin financiar. Izraeli i ka shkaktuar d\u00ebme n\u00eb infastruktur\u00eb, por jo n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat dhe kursimet monetare t\u00eb organizat\u00ebs. Bankat turke nuk kan\u00eb qen\u00eb aspak bashk\u00ebpunuese. Sanksionet e shumta t\u00eb vendosura nga Amerika, jan\u00eb m\u00eb pak efektive n\u00ebse objektivat e tyre kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb para jasht\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb saj bankar. Dhe Hamasi di t\u2019i fsheh\u00eb mir\u00eb kompanit\u00eb e tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSa her\u00eb q\u00eb mendoni se keni n\u00eb duar nj\u00eb peshk t\u00eb madh, ai e ndryshon emrin<\/em>\u201d, thot\u00eb i d\u00ebshp\u00ebruar nj\u00eb ish-zyrtar i Thesarit t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Madje ekziston rreziku q\u00eb financat e Hamasit t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohen akoma m\u00eb tej. Nd\u00ebrsa Izraeli po i shton sulmet e tij n\u00eb Gaza, qeverit\u00eb per\u00ebndimore mund t\u00eb ndikohen shum\u00eb nga katastrofa humanitare atje.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte, vendet me popullsi pro-palestineze, mund ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb q\u00eb Hamasi t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb para. P\u00ebr muaj t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb, kan\u00eb qarkulluar z\u00ebra se disa n\u00ebpun\u00ebs civil\u00eb n\u00eb Ministrin\u00eb e Ekonomike n\u00eb Turqi, po bashk\u00ebrendojn\u00eb veprimet me zyr\u00ebn e financave t\u00eb Hamasit.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr Izraelin skenari q\u00eb Hamasi t\u00eb b\u00ebhet m\u00eb i pasur pavar\u00ebsisht luft\u00ebs q\u00eb po ndodh n\u00eb Gaza, do t\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb i keq. Sepse me pasurin\u00eb dhe rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt e saj financiare t\u00eb paprekura, ajo apo nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb e ngjashme, mund t\u00eb lul\u00ebzoj\u00eb pas shkat\u00ebrrimit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb banor\u00ebt e Gaz\u00ebs jan\u00eb t\u00eb zhytur n\u00eb nj\u00eb tragjedi t\u00eb madhe, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb Izraeli t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrroj\u00eb nj\u00eb grup, parat\u00eb dhe fuqia e t\u00eb cilit jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta diku tjet\u00ebr. Krahasoni pak gjendjen e tyre me panoram\u00ebn e drejtuesve t\u00eb Hamasit n\u00eb Stamboll:duke ngr\u00ebn\u00eb karavidhe, dhe duke kundruar me \u00ebndje Bosforin.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  I par\u00eb nga nj\u00ebri prej restoranteve m\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer t\u00eb Stambollit, Bosfori duket tejet madh\u00ebshtor. Vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vendstrehim i preferuar i biznesmen\u00ebve, t\u00eb famshm\u00ebve por edhe financuesve t\u00eb Hamasit. Nj\u00eb burr\u00eb, ndaj t\u00eb cilit Amerika ka vendosur sanksione p\u00ebr financimin e grupit islamik, ka rr\u00ebfyer s\u00eb fundmi p\u00ebr rolet q\u00eb ka n\u00eb borde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":30,"featured_media":634160,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-634159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nderkombetare"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=634159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/634160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=634159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=634159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=634159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}