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Europa po p\u00ebrballet me nj\u00eb \u201ckriz\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit publik\u201d, me pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb kontinent jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona me nivele t\u00eb rrezikshme t\u00eb ndotjes \u00eb s\u00eb ajrit, sipas nj\u00eb hetimi t\u00eb \u201cThe Guardian\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n Analiza e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb mbledhura duke p\u00ebrdorur metodologjin\u00eb e fundit, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb imazhe t\u00eb detajuara satelitore dhe matje nga m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1,400 stacione monitorimi tok\u00ebsore \u2013 zbulon nj\u00eb pamje t\u00eb tmerrshme t\u00eb ajrit t\u00eb ndotur, me 98% t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona shum\u00eb t\u00eb ndotura, ku nivelet mesatare vjetore t\u00eb grimcave t\u00eb pluhurit tejkalojn\u00eb limitet e rekomanduara nga Organizata Bot\u00ebrore e Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb (OBSH). Pothuajse dy t\u00eb tretat jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona ku cil\u00ebsia e ajrit \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dyfishi i udh\u00ebzimeve t\u00eb OBSH-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Vendi m\u00eb i ndotur n\u00eb Europ\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb Maqedonia e Veriut. Pothuajse dy t\u00eb tretat e njer\u00ebzve n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona ku niveli i PM2.5 \u00ebsht\u00eb kat\u00ebr her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se udh\u00ebzimet e OBSH-s\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb kat\u00ebr zona ndotja e ajrit ishte 6 her\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se shifra, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe kryeqytetin e saj, Shkupin.<\/span><\/p>\n Europa Lindore \u00ebsht\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb e keqe se Europa Per\u00ebndimore, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Italis\u00eb, ku m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb e treta e atyre q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb lugin\u00ebn e PO-s\u00eb dhe zonat p\u00ebrreth n\u00eb veri t\u00eb vendit thithin aj\u00ebr q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kat\u00ebr her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se shifra e OBSH-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n The Guardian punoi me ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb ndotjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar nj\u00eb hart\u00eb interaktive q\u00eb zbulonte zonat m\u00eb t\u00eb goditura n\u00eb kontinent. Matjet i referohen PM2.5 \u2013 grimca t\u00eb puhurit t\u00eb im\u00ebt t\u00eb prodhuara kryesisht nga djegia e l\u00ebnd\u00ebve djeg\u00ebse fosile, disa prej t\u00eb cilave mund t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes mushk\u00ebrive dhe n\u00eb qarkullimin e gjakut, duke prekur pothuajse \u00e7do organ n\u00eb trup. Udh\u00ebzimet aktuale t\u00eb OBSH-s\u00eb thon\u00eb se p\u00ebrqendrimet mesatare vjetore t\u00eb PM2.5 nuk duhet t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb 5 mikrogram\u00eb p\u00ebr met\u00ebr kub (\u00b5g\/m3). Analiza e re zbuloi se vet\u00ebm 2% e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb Europ\u00ebs jeton n\u00eb zona brenda k\u00ebtij kufiri. Ekspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se ndotja PM2.5 shkakton rreth 400,000 vdekje n\u00eb vit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kontinentin.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cKjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb e sh\u00ebndetit publik,\u201d tha Roel Vermeulen, nj\u00eb profesor i epidemiologjis\u00eb mjedisore n\u00eb Universitetin e Utrecht, i cili drejtoi ekipin e studiuesve n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kontinentin q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiloi t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat.<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAjo q\u00eb ne shohim mjaft qart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb po thithin aj\u00ebr t\u00eb pash\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb gjithashtu se:<\/span><\/p>\n Pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb banor\u00ebt n\u00eb shtat\u00eb vendet n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Lindore, si Serbia, Rumania, Shqip\u00ebria, Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut, Polonia, Sllovakia dhe Hungaria, nivelin e ndotjes e kan\u00eb dyfish m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se limiti i OBSH-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n M\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysma e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut dhe Serbis\u00eb jeton me kat\u00ebrfishin e norm\u00ebs s\u00eb lejuar OBSH-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb Gjermani, tre t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtat e popullsis\u00eb jeton me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dyfishin e rekomandimeve t\u00eb OBSH-s\u00eb. N\u00eb Spanj\u00eb kjo shif\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb 49%, dhe n\u00eb Franc\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 37%.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar, tre t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtat e popullsis\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona ku ekspozimi \u00ebsht\u00eb midis nj\u00eb dhe dy her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se udh\u00ebzimi i OBSH-s\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Afro 30 milion\u00eb europian\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona p\u00ebrqendrimi i grimcave t\u00eb pluhurit t\u00eb im\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb 4 her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se limiti prej 5 mikrogram\u00eb p\u00ebr met\u00ebr kub, sipas rekomandive t\u00eb OBSH.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb Suedi, p\u00ebrkundrazi, nuk ka zon\u00eb ku PM2.5 arrin m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dyfishin e shifr\u00ebs s\u00eb OBSH-s\u00eb dhe disa zona n\u00eb Skocin\u00eb veriore jan\u00eb nd\u00ebr t\u00eb paktat n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Europ\u00ebn q\u00eb shifra \u00ebsht\u00eb posht\u00eb limitit t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar.<\/span><\/p>\n Ndotja e ajrit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje ky\u00e7e n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, me BE-n\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn presion p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar kriz\u00ebn n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit publik. Jav\u00ebn e kaluar, Parlamenti Europian votoi p\u00ebr miratimin e udh\u00ebzimeve t\u00eb OBSH-s\u00eb p\u00ebr PM2.5 deri n\u00eb vitin 2035. Ligji, i cili ende duhet t\u00eb finalizohet n\u00eb negociatat me k\u00ebshillin, do t\u00eb vendos\u00eb nj\u00eb kufi ligj\u00ebrisht t\u00eb detyruesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr p\u00ebrqendrimet vjetore t\u00eb PM2.5 prej 5\u00b5g\/m3. nga 25 \u00b5g\/m3 q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb aktualisht.<\/span><\/p>\n Por ekspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se duhet marr\u00eb masa urgjente tani. Ata tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb num\u00ebr n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb fakteve q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se ndotja e ajrit prek pothuajse \u00e7do organ n\u00eb trup dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb madhe problemesh sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore nga s\u00ebmundjet e zemr\u00ebs dhe mushk\u00ebrive te kanceri dhe diabeti, depresioni dhe s\u00ebmundjet mendore deri te d\u00ebmtimi njoh\u00ebs dhe nivelet e ulta n\u00eb lindshm\u00ebri.<\/span><\/p>\n
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