![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/xi.jpg\")
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Pas tre vitesh izolim nga Covid, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi kinez Xi Jinping po planifikon nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrthim p\u00ebr nism\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n Vendet evropiane, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, po i anashkalojn\u00eb festimet, nj\u00eb pasqyrim i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsuara midis kontinentit dhe Kin\u00ebs. Pekini kishte shpresuar se Evropa do lidhej me rrjetin e saj \u2018Brezi e Rruga\u2019 t\u00eb lidhjeve globale t\u00eb tregtis\u00eb dhe transportit, por udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit evropian\u00eb po t\u00ebrhiqen, duke ndar\u00eb kujdesin e Uashingtonit p\u00ebr rritjen e var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre ekonomike nga Kina.<\/span><\/p>\n I vetmi i ftuar i shquar q\u00eb ka th\u00ebn\u00eb se do marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb – presidenti rus Vladimir Putin – i ka larguar m\u00eb tej lider\u00ebt evropian\u00eb, shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve e kan\u00eb ashp\u00ebrsuar q\u00ebndrimin e tyre ndaj Kin\u00ebs p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb Pekinit p\u00ebr Mosk\u00ebn q\u00eb nga fillimi i luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Pekini parashikoi nism\u00ebn \u2018Brez dhe Rrug\u00eb\u2019 p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar at\u00eb q\u00eb disa ekspert\u00eb vler\u00ebsuan t\u00eb ishte 1 trilion dollar\u00eb drejt hekurudhave, rrug\u00ebve, tubacioneve dhe porteve t\u00eb financuara nga Kina q\u00eb do lidhnin Azin\u00eb me Evrop\u00ebn, Afrik\u00ebn dhe Amerik\u00ebn Latine.<\/span><\/p>\n Vet\u00ebm pes\u00eb vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, Kina po n\u00ebnshkruante me shpejt\u00ebsi an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb rinj n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn n\u00eb zhvillim dhe po b\u00ebnte dep\u00ebrtim midis ekonomive t\u00eb pasura t\u00eb lidhura m\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me Uashingtonin – duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Italin\u00eb, Greqin\u00eb dhe Republik\u00ebn \u00c7eke – me mallra q\u00eb mb\u00ebrrinin n\u00eb portet dhe hekurudhat evropiane t\u00eb financuara nga nisma \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n Tani, shum\u00eb prej k\u00ebtyre vendeve po distancohen nga projekti, pasi Evropa k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb ndikimin ekonomik t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb rajon.<\/span><\/p>\n Presidenti francez Emmanuel Macron dhe kancelari gjerman Olaf Scholz aktualisht nuk kan\u00eb plane t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Forumin \u2018Brez dhe Rrug\u00eb\u2019 t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, sipas zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n As kryeministrja Giorgia Meloni e Italis\u00eb, i vetmi vend i G7 q\u00eb n\u00ebnshkroi p\u00ebr \u2018Brez dhe Rrug\u00eb\u2019, tha nj\u00eb person q\u00eb bashk\u00ebrendon axhend\u00ebn e saj. Zvicra historikisht asnjan\u00ebse, e cila d\u00ebrgoi presidentin e saj n\u00eb dy samitet e fundit, po shqyrton n\u00ebse do marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, tha nj\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebse e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme.<\/span><\/p>\n Greqia, e cila iu bashkua nism\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 2018, i ka th\u00ebn\u00eb tashm\u00eb Pekinit se kryeministri i saj nuk do marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb. Republika \u00c7eke, e cila n\u00ebnshkroi nism\u00ebn n\u00eb vitin 2015, nuk pret t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb presidentin e saj apo zyrtar\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, than\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit e qeveris\u00eb. Xi b\u00ebri vizita shtet\u00ebrore tre-ditore n\u00eb secilin prej k\u00ebtyre vendeve pasi u angazhuan p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebpunimin \u2018Brezi e Rruga\u2019 me Pekinin.<\/span><\/p>\n Veprimtaria e Pekinit p\u00ebr \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shenjat se \u2018q\u00ebllimi i qart\u00eb i Partis\u00eb Komuniste Kineze \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ndryshim sistematik i rendit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar me Kin\u00ebn n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb saj\u2019, tha presidentja e Komisionit Evropian Ursula von der Leyen n\u00eb mars.<\/span><\/p>\n Nisma t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Xi e hodhi p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2013 si nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb e gjer\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur zhvillimin global dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjeruar ndikimin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb programi m\u00eb i madh i infrastruktur\u00ebs n\u00eb bot\u00eb – shum\u00eb m\u00eb i madh se plani Marshall i Uashingtonit i pasluft\u00ebs – dhe SHBA-t\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb apo t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb deri tani.<\/span><\/p>\n Krer\u00ebt e shteteve po pozojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb foto n\u00eb forumin e fundit ‘Brez e Rrrug\u00eb’, n\u00eb Pekin n\u00eb 2019<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n Por shpenzimet e \u2018Brezit dhe Rrug\u00ebs\u2019 kan\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimet e hershme dhe ambiciet e Pekinit jan\u00eb dob\u00ebsuar nga Covid-19, rritja e kostove t\u00eb huamarrjes dhe lufta e Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb. Forumi \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019 i k\u00ebtij viti – i pari q\u00eb nga pandemia dhe i treti q\u00eb nga edicioni p\u00ebrurues n\u00eb 2017 – do provoj\u00eb thirrjen e platform\u00ebs s\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimit t\u00eb Xi p\u00ebr diplomacin\u00eb ekonomike, me diplomat\u00ebt kinez\u00eb q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbushur listat e t\u00eb ftuarve dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar ndikimin global t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n “N\u00eb vitet e kaluara, vendet evropiane iu afruan nism\u00ebs me mendje t\u00eb hapur,”<\/em> tha Noah Barkin, i cili p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe Kin\u00eb n\u00eb firm\u00ebn k\u00ebrkimore \u2018Rhodium Group\u2019. Tani, narrativa ka ndryshuar dhe programi shihet kryesisht, thot\u00eb Barkin, si \u2018nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrhapjen e ndikimit kinez jasht\u00eb vendit\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebrgjigja e dob\u00ebt nga Evropa deri m\u00eb tani sugjeron nj\u00eb peizazh global m\u00eb sfidues p\u00ebr ambiciet diplomatike t\u00eb Xi. N\u00ebse vendet evropiane dikur flirtonin me bashkimin me Brez dhe Rrug\u00eb, tani po konkurrojn\u00eb me t\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb fund t\u00eb tetorit, qeverit\u00eb evropiane do ftojn\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs biznesi, zyrtar\u00eb dhe krer\u00ebt e shteteve nga Afrika, Amerika Latine dhe Azia – por jo Kina – n\u00eb forumin e tyre rival, duke nxitur \u2018Global Gate\u00ebay\u2019, programin e Bashkimit Evropian p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e infrastruktur\u00ebs prej 333 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00ebsh.<\/span><\/p>\n Zyrtar\u00ebt kinez\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, po punojn\u00eb drejt nj\u00eb afati kohor t\u00eb mesit t\u00eb tetorit p\u00ebr forumin e Pekinit dhe kan\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar pjes\u00ebmarrjen e qeverive t\u00eb huaja, sipas njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb njohur me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje.<\/span><\/p>\n Media shtet\u00ebrore ka raportuar m\u00eb par\u00eb se Xi, gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb vizite shtet\u00ebrore n\u00eb Mosk\u00eb n\u00eb mars, e ftoi Putinin t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb jav\u00eb, Kremlini tha se Putin do merrte pjes\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Prania e Putinit e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb pamundur q\u00eb Kina t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb angazhime nga qeverit\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebnuar pushtimin rus n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb dhe kan\u00eb vendosur sanksione ndaj Mosk\u00ebs, thon\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb njohur me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje.<\/span><\/p>\n Pjes\u00ebmarrja e ul\u00ebt do zvog\u00eblonte p\u00ebrpjekjet e Pekinit p\u00ebr t\u00eb projektuar nj\u00eb imazh t\u00eb ndikimit n\u00eb rritje globale. Forumi i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm n\u00eb vitin 2019 kishte lider\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb nga 38 vende, nd\u00ebrsa 30 lider\u00eb komb\u00ebtar\u00eb u shfaq\u00ebn n\u00eb ngjarjen p\u00ebruruese n\u00eb vitin 2017-n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn administrata Trump d\u00ebrgoi nj\u00eb delegacion t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb mes\u00ebm t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga nj\u00eb k\u00ebshilltar i Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb Bardh\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs nuk iu p\u00ebrgjigj\u00ebn nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese p\u00ebr koment.<\/span><\/p>\n Programi \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrballur me kritika brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit pasi projektet ngecin, debitor\u00ebt luftojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shlyer kredit\u00eb dhe pretendimet p\u00ebr mbishpenzim dhe shp\u00ebrndarje t\u00eb gabuar t\u00eb burimeve. <\/span><\/p>\n Zyrtar\u00ebt per\u00ebndimor\u00eb kan\u00eb faj\u00ebsuar nism\u00ebn p\u00ebr grumbullimin e borxheve t\u00eb r\u00ebnda ndaj vendeve m\u00eb t\u00eb varfra – nj\u00eb nocion q\u00eb Pekini e kund\u00ebrshton. Disa biznese private kan\u00eb humbur gjithashtu interesin pasi nuk kan\u00eb arritur t\u00eb korrin p\u00ebrfitimet q\u00eb shpresonin, pas nj\u00eb zhurme t\u00eb hershme q\u00eb nxiti shum\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs t\u00eb gjenin m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr t’u lidhur me programin.<\/span><\/p>\n “Shpirti i sloganit \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb i vjet\u00ebruar,”<\/em> tha nj\u00eb lobist biznesi kinez i p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb Singapor, i cili punon me kompani nga t\u00eb dy vendet, duke shtuar se shum\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs kan\u00eb kaluar drejt fjal\u00ebve t\u00eb reja, t\u00eb tilla si Partneriteti Ekonomik Gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs Rajonal, ose RCEP- nj\u00eb pakt tregtar aziatik prej 15 an\u00ebtar\u00ebsh, an\u00ebtare e t\u00eb cilit \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe Kina.<\/span><\/p>\n Hekurudha me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb Xhakarta-Bandung \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shum\u00eb projekte infrastrukturore n\u00ebn nism\u00ebn e Kin\u00ebs ‘Brez e Rrug\u00eb’<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n Pekini, nga ana e tij, ka mbrojtur \u2018Brezin e Rrug\u00ebn\u2019 si t\u00eb dobishme p\u00ebr tregtin\u00eb dhe zhvillimin global n\u00eb vendet partnere, nd\u00ebrsa ka premtuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb zbatimin e tij. <\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb forumin e 2019-\u00ebs, Xi u zotua t\u00eb prezantoj\u00eb nj\u00eb \u2018korniz\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb borxhit\u2019 p\u00ebr projektet e \u2018Brezit dhe Rrug\u00ebs\u2019 dhe t\u00eb nxis\u00eb \u00a0p\u00ebrputhjen me standardet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb kontraktimin e infrastruktur\u00ebs. Zyrtar\u00ebt kinez\u00eb kan\u00eb vendosur gjithashtu kontrolle m\u00eb t\u00eb forta t\u00eb rrezikut dhe jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb pranojn\u00eb disa humbje dhe t\u00eb rinegociojn\u00eb borxhin.<\/span><\/p>\n Largimi i Evrop\u00ebs nga \u2018Brez dhe Rruga\u2019 filloi p\u00ebrpara pandemis\u00eb, pasi fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb kontinentit rivler\u00ebsuan marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e tyre me Kin\u00ebn. Q\u00eb nga viti 2019, politika zyrtare e BE-s\u00eb p\u00ebr Kin\u00ebn e ka etiketuar Pekinin nj\u00eb \u2018rival sistemik\u2019, jo thjesht nj\u00eb partner tregtar. <\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb pas, Dhoma e Tregtis\u00eb e BE-s\u00eb n\u00eb Kin\u00eb tha se kompanit\u00eb evropiane po merrnin vet\u00ebm \u2018th\u00ebrrime nga tryeza\u2019 e \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019, pasi shumica e financimeve drejtohen p\u00ebrmes subjekteve shtet\u00ebrore kineze.<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebrplasjet diplomatike i b\u00ebn\u00eb gjithashtu m\u00eb pak t\u00eb k\u00ebndshme lidhjet m\u00eb t\u00eb ngushta tregtare me Kin\u00ebn. N\u00eb vitin 2020, diplomat\u00ebt kinez\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuan t\u00eb importonin m\u00eb pak piano nga Republika \u00c7eke, presidenti i at\u00ebhersh\u00ebm i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ishte nj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs i vendosur i \u2018Brezit dhe Rrug\u00ebs\u2019, n\u00ebse nj\u00eb senator \u00e7ek do fluturonte p\u00ebr n\u00eb Tajvan, nj\u00eb ishull i vet\u00ebqeverisur q\u00eb Pekini pretendon si territorin e tij. Incidenti ndezi nj\u00eb val\u00eb skepticizmi t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs q\u00eb ndihmoi n\u00eb zgjedhjen e nj\u00eb presidenti t\u00eb ri, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga \u2018skifter\u00ebt\u2019 kinez\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb hapur n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb pas, Kina frenoi importet nga Lituania me 80% pasi vendi baltik lejoi Tajvanin t\u00eb hapte nj\u00eb zyr\u00eb lokale me nj\u00eb em\u00ebr q\u00eb sugjeronte se ishulli \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur. BE-ja paditi Kin\u00ebn n\u00eb Organizat\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore t\u00eb Tregtis\u00eb dhe shtoi p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb pak\u00ebsuar var\u00ebsin\u00eb tregtare nga Kina.<\/span><\/p>\n Reagimi ambivalent i Kin\u00ebs ndaj pushtimit rus t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs tjet\u00ebrsoi m\u00eb tej shum\u00eb zyrtar\u00eb evropian\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb punojn\u00eb m\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me SHBA-n\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb frenuar ndikimin global t\u00eb Pekinit, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nism\u00ebn \u2018Brez e Rrug\u00eb\u2019. <\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb nj\u00eb samit t\u00eb majit n\u00eb Hiroshima, demokracit\u00eb e p\u00ebrparuara t\u00eb G-7 krijuan nj\u00eb partneritet p\u00ebr infrastruktur\u00ebn globale, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn lider\u00ebt u zotuan t\u00eb mbledhin 600 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb investime p\u00ebr vendet n\u00eb zhvillim. BE-ja \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrkushtuar t\u00eb mobilizoj\u00eb investime private dhe publike me vler\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysm\u00ebn e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/d653ffc285463bc4ea36f17f09dfe04194c255d9.jpg\")
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/b4629788329ea0044feea76800d965149356b3f6.jpg\")