{"id":606784,"date":"2023-07-18T11:25:11","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T09:25:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=606784"},"modified":"2023-07-18T11:25:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T09:25:11","slug":"muri-i-turpit-qe-ndan-kryeqytetin-e-peruse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2023\/07\/18\/muri-i-turpit-qe-ndan-kryeqytetin-e-peruse\/","title":{"rendered":"Muri i \u2018turpit\u2019 q\u00eb ndan kryeqytetin e Perus\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb kodrat e kryeqytetit\u00a0 t\u00eb Perus\u00eb, Lima, nj\u00eb mur betoni ndan nj\u00eb lagje t\u00eb varf\u00ebr nga nj\u00eb komunitet i pasur, duke sh\u00ebnuar nj\u00eb kufi t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb banore e lagjes s\u00eb varf\u00ebr, Raquel Yanac, kujton koh\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb murit q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkon nj\u00eb gjat\u00ebsi t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb kryeqytetit. N\u00eb rr\u00ebfimin e saj ajo kujton turmat e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit me betoniere dhe forca t\u00eb shumta policie, gati p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar murin q\u00eb synonte ta mbante jasht\u00eb at\u00eb dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt\u00a0 si ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yanac, 38 vje\u00e7, jeton me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb buz\u00eb t\u00eb ndarjes s\u00eb madhe. Sht\u00ebpia e tyre shtrihet mes nj\u00eb deti kasollesh shum\u00ebngjyr\u00ebsh me kompensat\u00eb dhe flet\u00eb metalike q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb lagjet e varfra t\u00eb qytetit. Vet\u00ebm disa metra larg \u00ebsht\u00eb Casuarinas, nj\u00eb lagje me luks befasues, me pallate e vila me ngjyr\u00eb t\u00eb bardh\u00eb e pishina dyfish m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se sht\u00ebpia e saj.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00eb nj\u00eb jav\u00eb, ata kishin nd\u00ebrtuar pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb murin dhe njer\u00ebzit nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebnin asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb,\u201d<\/em> thot\u00eb ajo..<\/span><\/p>\n

Kufiri s\u00eb shpejti do b\u00ebhej fam\u00ebkeq n\u00eb Lima dhe peruan\u00ebt e varf\u00ebr e quajt\u00ebn at\u00eb \u2018Muri i Turpit\u2019. Nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb betoni rreth 10 kilometra e gjate q\u00eb ndan t\u00eb pasurit dhe t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit e qytetit. Sot, barriera gati 10 metra e lart\u00eb, e mbuluar me tela me gjemba, kalon si nj\u00eb ndarje se dh\u00ebmb\u00ebzuar n\u00ebp\u00ebr kat\u00ebr komuna. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ajo ndan zonat e varfra t\u00eb San Juan de Miraflores, ku jeton Yanac, dhe Villa Mar\u00eda del Triunfo nga rrethet e pasura t\u00eb La Molina dhe Santiago de Surco, t\u00eb cilave i p\u00ebrket Casuarinas. Muri i betonit ka ndryshuar jet\u00ebn dhe perceptimet e atyre nga secila an\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndron si nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi e pabarazis\u00eb ekonomike t\u00eb Lim\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

“\u00c7far\u00eb t’u them f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb mi?”<\/em> pyet Yanac.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDjali im 6-vje\u00e7ar shkon atje p\u00ebr t\u00eb luajtur, shikon p\u00ebrreth dhe tani po m\u00eb pyet: \u201cMami, pse \u00ebsht\u00eb ai mur atje?\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

“\u00cbsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb tendence globale t\u00eb nj\u00eb “muri”<\/em>, pohon Belen Desmaison, nj\u00eb arkitekte n\u00eb Universitetin Katolik Papnor t\u00eb Perus\u00eb q\u00eb studion murin e Lim\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Kjo tendenc\u00eb e vendosjes s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj pengese fizike midis dy grupeve sociale ose grupeve etnike.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Muri i Perus\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj nj\u00eb vale emigrimi nga zonat rurale n\u00eb vitet 1980, e cila u nxit nga dhuna midis qeveris\u00eb peruane dhe grupit gueril maoist \u2018Shtegu Shk\u00eblqyes\u2019. Disa q\u00eb ik\u00ebn e pan\u00eb Lim\u00ebn thjesht si nj\u00eb vend p\u00ebr t’i shp\u00ebtuar gjakderdhjes; t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt e pan\u00eb at\u00eb si nj\u00eb vend mund\u00ebsie.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Por pa tok\u00eb, shum\u00eb migrant\u00eb u vendos\u00ebn n\u00eb kodra t\u00eb braktisura n\u00eb skaj t\u00eb qytetit dhe nd\u00ebrtuan mas\u00ebn gjithnj\u00eb n\u00eb zgjerim t\u00eb vendbanimeve informale q\u00eb shtrihen n\u00eb zon\u00eb. Prind\u00ebrit e Susana Galinas Tacuri ishin nd\u00ebr ata q\u00eb iknin nga Ayacucho, qendra e dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb Perun\u00eb jugore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gueril\u00ebt \u201cvran\u00eb xhaxhallar\u00ebt dhe kush\u00ebrinjt\u00eb tan\u00eb\u201d, m\u00eb tha Galinas. \u201cAta do t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbenin m\u00eb t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb 10 dhe 14 vje\u00e7 p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb terroriz\u00ebm. Ata do t\u00eb vidhnin t\u00eb gjitha parat\u00eb dhe leshin e tyre me arm\u00eb gjahu dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdhunonin grat\u00eb\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Lima, ata nd\u00ebrtuan nj\u00eb barak\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, dhe nd\u00ebrsa nuk kishte drita apo uj\u00eb t\u00eb rrjedhsh\u00ebm, ishte e sigurt, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. Duke u rritur, zona si Casuarinas ishin nj\u00eb mjet shp\u00ebtimi ekonomik p\u00ebr emigrant\u00ebt si Galinas. \u00c7do dit\u00eb, pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt shkonin n\u00eb lagje p\u00ebr t\u00eb pastruar sht\u00ebpit\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nd\u00ebrtesa dhe n\u00eb rastin e n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb Galinas, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shitur ushqim.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00ebna e saj punonte n\u00eb kantieret e nd\u00ebrtimit duke gatuar, Galinas luante n\u00eb parqet e harlisura q\u00eb mungonin n\u00eb lagjen e saj. Por nd\u00ebrsa rrjedha e migrimit n\u00eb Lima vazhdoi, Galinas tha se frika dhe neveria filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkojn\u00eb vendet ku ata punonin.<\/span>\u201cAta na shikojn\u00eb sikur t\u00eb jemi hajdut\u00eb,\u201d<\/em> tha ajo, \u201cse n\u00eb dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebt tan\u00eb duam t\u00eb hyjm\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tyre.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrtimi i murit filloi n\u00eb vitin 1985, kur nj\u00eb akademi private elitare n\u00eb distriktin Surco e rrethoi terrenin e saj me gardhe t\u00eb larta tullash. Zyrtar\u00ebt e shkoll\u00ebs than\u00eb se barrierat do sh\u00ebrbenin si siguri nga vendbanimet n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb emigrant\u00ebve. <\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00eb shpejti, banor\u00ebt e Casuarinas aty pran\u00eb filluan t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonin murin e tyre, duke pretenduar gjithashtu se krimi vinte nga \u2018ana tjet\u00ebr\u2019. P\u00ebr tre dekada, banor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb pasur e zgjeruan at\u00eb mur me lejen e qeverive lokale, n\u00eb disa raste duke sjell\u00eb me vete policin\u00eb si roje, than\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e komunitetit n\u00eb San Juan de Miraflores.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00eb shpejti, u b\u00eb gati e pamundur p\u00ebr Galinas dhe n\u00ebn\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb punonin n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar, ata do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ecin dy or\u00eb rreth murit ose t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e pag\u00ebs s\u00eb dit\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb autobus\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201cEkziston kjo ide e siguris\u00eb pas murit q\u00eb krijon grupe sociale homogjene,\u201d<\/em> tha ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00ebse nd\u00ebrton nj\u00eb mur ose vendos nj\u00eb gardh rreth lagjes, po manifeston se je nj\u00eb grup shoq\u00ebror koheziv q\u00eb nuk ka asnj\u00eb lloj dialogu me tjetrin.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Vilat e lagjes Casuarinas t\u00eb Surco-s shtrihen lart n\u00eb male dhe jan\u00eb zbukuruar me kopshte t\u00eb harlisur, pishina dhe koleksione makinash t\u00eb huaja t\u00eb parkuara n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e assfaltuara. Her\u00ebt n\u00eb m\u00ebngjes, pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt nga rrethet e varfra t\u00eb San Juan de Miraflores dhe Villa Mar\u00eda del Triunfo ecin p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb gardheve t\u00eb shkurtuara me kujdes dhe kalojn\u00eb portat e dekoruara, t\u00eb injoruar derisa t\u00eb mb\u00ebrrijn\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e kontrollit ku duhet t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb Casuarinas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Patricia Novoa, 61 vje\u00e7, e cila ecte me shpejt\u00ebsi pran\u00eb asaj postblloku me pajisje st\u00ebrvitore t\u00eb mark\u00ebs, ka jetuar n\u00eb Casuarinas p\u00ebr gjysm\u00ebn e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb saj.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edhe pse ajo nuk e ka par\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr prej vitesh, njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb vende si San Juan de Miraflores \u2018po jetojn\u00eb m\u00eb keq se kafsh\u00ebt\u2019. Ata jan\u00eb kriminel\u00eb dhe hajdut\u00eb, shpjegoi ajo, sepse duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb. Ata nuk kan\u00eb asnj\u00eb pun\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb margjinalizuar kthehen n\u00eb agresor\u00eb, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrteta,”<\/em> tha Novoa, nd\u00ebrsa grupe pun\u00ebtor\u00ebsh kalonin aty.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ata nuk kan\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar dhe jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mjedis ku nuk kan\u00eb arsim.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lily Mamani Reyes, nj\u00eb pastruese sht\u00ebpie 33-vje\u00e7are n\u00eb Surco, kujtohet \u00e7do m\u00ebngjes kur zgjohet n\u00eb 5 t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar udh\u00ebtimin e saj gati dy or\u00eb e gjysm\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb pun\u00eb. Ajo l\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e saj me nj\u00eb dhom\u00eb me kompensat\u00eb dhe dysheme t\u00eb papast\u00ebr, ku lufton p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb uj\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebr, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar dit\u00ebn e saj duke pastruar nd\u00ebrtesat me pishina t\u00eb mbushura dhe kopshte t\u00eb rregulluara me kujdes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reyes erdhi n\u00eb Lima si nj\u00eb 15-vje\u00e7are me shpresa p\u00ebr arsim dhe nj\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb se ajo q\u00eb la pas n\u00eb qytetin e saj t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. Por, teksa e ka l\u00ebn\u00eb pas dore hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e pakufishme t\u00eb lagjeve t\u00eb varfra t\u00eb mbuluara me mjegull q\u00eb ajo i quan sht\u00ebpia e saj, ajo tha se diskriminimi q\u00eb ajo ndjen se jeton me murin i ka shkat\u00ebrruar ato ambicie, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb pas at\u00eb q\u00eb ajo mund ta p\u00ebrshkruaj\u00eb vet\u00ebm si \u2018turp\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vendi ku do donit t\u00eb rrisnit f\u00ebmij\u00ebt,”<\/em> tha ajo.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ky vend ku mund t\u00eb ec\u00ebsh p\u00ebrpara. Ky mur \u00ebsht\u00eb turp p\u00ebr ne\u201d.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb kodrat e kryeqytetit\u00a0 t\u00eb Perus\u00eb, Lima, nj\u00eb mur betoni ndan nj\u00eb lagje t\u00eb varf\u00ebr nga nj\u00eb komunitet i pasur, duke sh\u00ebnuar nj\u00eb kufi t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar. Nj\u00eb banore e lagjes s\u00eb varf\u00ebr, Raquel Yanac, kujton koh\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb murit q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkon nj\u00eb gjat\u00ebsi t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb kryeqytetit. N\u00eb rr\u00ebfimin e saj ajo kujton turmat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":606789,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-606784","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ballina"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/606784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=606784"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/606784\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/606789"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=606784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=606784"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=606784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}