{"id":583475,"date":"2023-03-08T08:19:18","date_gmt":"2023-03-08T07:19:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=583475"},"modified":"2023-03-08T08:21:32","modified_gmt":"2023-03-08T07:21:32","slug":"burrat-ne-shqiperi-kane-pushtetin-mbi-parane-e-biznesin-grate-po-rrisin-peshen-ne-politike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2023\/03\/08\/burrat-ne-shqiperi-kane-pushtetin-mbi-parane-e-biznesin-grate-po-rrisin-peshen-ne-politike\/","title":{"rendered":"Burrat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri kan\u00eb ‘pushtetin’ mbi paran\u00eb e biznesin, grat\u00eb po rrisin pesh\u00ebn n\u00eb politik\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

8 Marsi \u00ebsht\u00eb Dita Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e Gruas. \u00cbsht\u00eb koha p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar arritjet e grave, p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar barazi dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat dhe lirit\u00eb themelore.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ndon\u00ebse jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrparime n\u00eb barazin\u00eb gjinore, s\u00ebrish ka diferenca t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, sidomos kur b\u00ebhet krahasimi p\u00ebr \u201cpushtetin\u201d ekonomik. Meshkujt paguhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa femrat dhe dominojn\u00eb n\u00eb pozicionet drejtuese n\u00eb biznes, ndon\u00ebse femrat kan\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb arsimit universitar.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur pesha e grave n\u00eb politik\u00eb, me nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb kabinetit q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga gra ministre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur numri i ministreve. 70% e qeveris\u00eb aktuale p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga ministre gra, duke u renditur nd\u00ebr 10 vendet e para n\u00eb bot\u00eb, ku femrat kan\u00eb pushtet t\u00eb madh politik. N\u00eb bot\u00eb, vet\u00ebm 14 vende kan\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 50% gra q\u00eb mbajn\u00eb poste ministrore n\u00eb kabinetin komb\u00ebtar, bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e UN Women dhe The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU).<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjithsesi Kuvendin e dominojn\u00eb meshkujt, teksa ata p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb rreth 65% t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb deputet\u00ebve gjithsej, sipas INSTAT, ndon\u00ebse pesha e deputeteve femra ka ardhur n\u00eb rritje. N\u00eb vitin 2021, shkalla e pjes\u00ebmarrjes s\u00eb gruas \u00ebsht\u00eb 35,7%. Nd\u00ebr tet\u00eb komisionet parlamentare, pjes\u00ebmarrja m\u00eb e madhe e grave shihet n\u00eb \u201cKomisionin p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn, \u00e7\u00ebshtjet sociale dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsin\u00eb\u201d dhe \u201cKomisionin p\u00ebr edukimin dhe mjetet e informimit publik\u201d, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht 61,9% dhe 57,9%.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Europ\u00eb, sipas Eurostat, pesh\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb te grave n\u00eb Parlament e ka Suedia, me rreth 50%, e ndjekur nga Finlanda me 46%, Belgjika me 43%, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt\u00ebn, Hungaria dhe Malta me nga 13% secila.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb pak gra pronare n\u00eb biznes<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zyrtare t\u00eb INSTAT, 24.1% e nd\u00ebrmarrjeve n\u00eb vitin 2021 kishin pronare ose administratore fem\u00ebr, me nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie prej 1.4 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje n\u00eb raport me vitin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm. P\u00ebrqindja e grave pronareve ishte m\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjet e vogla (me 1-4 t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar) me 24.2%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo pesh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se mesatarja europiane prej 35%, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Eurostat.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrqindjen m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb e regjistron Letonia (46%), pastaj Polonia dhe Suedia p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht (43%) dhe Estonia (41%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb e treta nga fundi. Pas vendit ton\u00eb, p\u00ebrqindjet m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb grave menaxhere regjistrohen n\u00eb Qipro (21%) dhe Luksemburg (22%).<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vend, numri m\u00eb i madh i sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebseve dhe administratoreve femra \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, me 32.2% t\u00eb totalit dhe m\u00eb i ul\u00ebti n\u00eb Berat, me 15.5%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burrat paguhen m\u00eb mir\u00eb, por femrat n\u00eb drejtim ua kalojn\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Paga mesatare mujore bruto e femrave n\u00eb vitin 2021 ishte 55,760 lek\u00eb, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb INSTAT. N\u00eb krahasim me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb, pagat e grave jan\u00eb 7.9% m\u00eb t\u00eb larta.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi grat\u00eb n\u00eb vend paguhen m\u00eb pak se burrat. N\u00eb vitin 2021, hendeku ishte 4.5%, d.m.th. q\u00eb paga mesatare e grave n\u00eb vend \u00ebsht\u00eb 4.5% m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt sesa ajo e burrave (kjo e fundit n\u00eb 2021 ishte mesatarisht 58.4 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb).<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb krahasim me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb, kur ishte 6.5%, hendeku \u00ebsht\u00eb ngushtuar, teksa pagat e meshkujve u rrit\u00ebn me ritme m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta se ato t\u00eb femrave (3.4%, kundrejt gati 8%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ka vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb profesion ku femrat ia kalojn\u00eb meshkujve. N\u00ebse je \u201cDrejtuese administrative dhe komerciale\u201d paguhesh mesatarisht 172 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj, ose gati 12% m\u00eb shum\u00eb se i nj\u00ebjti pozicion p\u00ebr meshkujt (k\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit marrin mesatarisht 154 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj).<\/span><\/p>\n

Drejtues administrativ\u00eb dhe komercial\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe grup profesioni m\u00eb i paguar n\u00eb vend, p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja gjinit\u00eb. N\u00eb krahasim me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb grup profesion pagat e drejtuesve meshkujt u rrit\u00eb me ritme m\u00eb t\u00eb larta sesa t\u00eb femrave, duke e ngushtuar hendekun, n\u00eb krahasim me 17% q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb 2020-n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Profesioni i dyt\u00eb m\u00eb i paguar si p\u00ebr meshkujt dhe p\u00ebr femrat \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cDrejtues prodhimi dhe sh\u00ebrbimesh t\u00eb specializuara\u201d, por m\u00eb t\u00eb paguar jan\u00eb burrat, q\u00eb marrin mesatarisht 130 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj, ose gati 14% m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa gjinia tjet\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nga 37 grup profesione, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat INSTAT raporton t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr tre prej tyre (Punonj\u00ebs n\u00eb profesionet e elektro-teknologjis\u00eb; Drejtues administrativ\u00eb dhe komercial\u00eb; Pun\u00ebtor t\u00eb punimit t\u00eb metaleve dhe montimit t\u00eb makinerive), femrat paguhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb. <\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr dy t\u00eb tjera pagat jan\u00eb pothuajse nj\u00ebsoj ( Ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebs, n\u00ebpun\u00ebs t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs shtet\u00ebrore dhe drejtor\u00eb ekzekutiv\u00eb; Pun\u00ebtor\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimi dhe ndihm\u00ebs). N\u00eb kategorit\u00eb e tjera dominojn\u00eb meshkujt- (Shiko grafikun: Paga mesatare mujore bruto sipas grup profesioneve dhe gjinis\u00eb).<\/span><\/p>\n

Meshkujt paguhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb, por femrat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shkolluara me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse meshkujt n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi paguhet m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa femrat, k\u00ebto t\u00eb fundit jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb prirura q\u00eb t\u00eb mbarojn\u00eb arsimin e lart\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas INSTAT, n\u00eb vitin 2021, rreth 19.5% e femrave mbi 25 vje\u00e7 n\u00eb vend e kishin mbaruar arsimin e lart\u00eb, p\u00ebrkundrejt 16.9% t\u00eb meshkujve. Vitet e fundit, rritja e pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb vajzave q\u00eb zgjedhin t\u00eb ndjekin universitetin \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb sesa ajo e meshkujve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Numri i t\u00eb diplomuarve n\u00eb arsimin e lart\u00eb n\u00eb vitin akademik 2020-21 ishte af\u00ebrsisht 33 mij\u00eb student\u00eb nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vajzat p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin 66,1 %. P\u00ebrqindja q\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb diplomuarat vajza n\u00eb krahasim me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me 0,8 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje.<\/span><\/p>\n

30.2% e t\u00eb diplomuarave femra ishin n\u00eb \u201cbiznes administrim dhe ligje\u201d, p\u00ebrkundrejt 29.7% te meshkujt. \u201cSh\u00ebndeti dhe mir\u00ebqenia\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb dega e dyt\u00eb m\u00eb e preferuar, me 18.3% t\u00eb totalit, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr meshkujt jan\u00eb \u201cinxhinierit\u00eb, prodhim dhe nd\u00ebrtim\u201d, me 18.9%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kursimet i mbajn\u00eb burrat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas INSTAT n\u00eb vitin 2021 kishte gjithsej 3.5 milion\u00eb llogari depozituese n\u00eb sektorin familjar, nga t\u00eb cilat 57% mbahen nga burrat.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn linj\u00eb, jan\u00eb meshkujt ata q\u00eb mbajn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi dhe n\u00eb marrjen e nj\u00eb kredie. Nga rreth 400 mij\u00eb hua q\u00eb jan\u00eb marr\u00eb nga familjar\u00ebt, 57% t\u00eb tyre kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb burrave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Grat\u00eb jetojn\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shkak se jetojn\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb, mosha mediane e grave n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se burrave.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2022, mosha mediane e grave shqiptare arriti 39,1 vjet (mosha mediane n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb 50% t\u00eb grave jan\u00eb n\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb mosh\u00eb dhe 50% mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb mosh\u00eb), duke u rritur me gati 11 muaj p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vit raportoi INSTAT.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa mosha mediane e burrave arriti n\u00eb 37,3 vjet ose 2.3 vite m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se grave. Mosha e mediane e meshkujve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri si kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se e femrave p\u00ebr shkak se kan\u00eb jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt se paku m\u00eb 5 vite.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mosha mediane e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb po rritet me ritme te shpejta nga viti n\u00eb vit duke sinjalizuar plakjen e popullsis\u00eb. P\u00ebrgjat\u00eb nj\u00eb viti mosha e mediane p\u00ebr t\u00eb dy gjinit\u00eb gati u rrit me nj\u00eb vit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb 10 vitet e fundit p\u00ebr grat\u00eb u rrit me 4.6 vite dhe p\u00ebr burrat me 5.5 vite.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si meshkujt ashtu dhe femrat n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri punojn\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Punonj\u00ebsit shqiptar\u00eb, si meshkuj, ashtu dhe femra, kan\u00eb oraret m\u00eb t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 50 or\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb, sipas nj\u00eb raporti t\u00eb Eurofund p\u00ebr kushtet e pun\u00ebs dhe implikimet n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, ku p\u00ebrfshihen shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb, Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar, Norvegjia, Zvicra, Shqip\u00ebria, Bosnj\u00eb dhe Hercegovina, Kosova, Mali i Zi, Maqedonia e Veriut dhe Serbia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Meshkujt shqiptar\u00eb punojn\u00eb rreth 50 or\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa femrat rreth 45 or\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb. Pas shqiptar\u00ebve renditen grek\u00ebt, serb\u00ebt, malazez\u00ebt, rumun\u00ebt dhe shtetasit e Kosov\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Or\u00ebt e larta t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri duken t\u00eb lidhura me dy faktor\u00eb, s\u00eb pari puna edhe gjat\u00eb fundjavave dhe s\u00eb dyti niveli i lart\u00eb i t\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsuarve, q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria e ka rekord n\u00eb rajon me rreth 36% t\u00eb totalit t\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas raportit, mesatarisht, n\u00eb BE-27 burrat raportuan se punonin pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 42 or\u00eb n\u00eb jav\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa grat\u00eb punonin af\u00ebrsisht 37 or\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE: Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e Monitor<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

8 Marsi \u00ebsht\u00eb Dita Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e Gruas. \u00cbsht\u00eb koha p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar arritjet e grave, p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar barazi dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat dhe lirit\u00eb themelore. N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ndon\u00ebse jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrparime n\u00eb barazin\u00eb gjinore, s\u00ebrish ka diferenca t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, sidomos kur b\u00ebhet krahasimi p\u00ebr \u201cpushtetin\u201d ekonomik. Meshkujt paguhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":583479,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-583475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme","category-te-fundit"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/583475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=583475"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/583475\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/583479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=583475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=583475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=583475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}