{"id":537454,"date":"2022-07-23T11:28:42","date_gmt":"2022-07-23T09:28:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=537454"},"modified":"2022-07-23T11:28:42","modified_gmt":"2022-07-23T09:28:42","slug":"pergjysmohet-numri-i-bagetive-ne-shqiperi-vetem-ne-2021-tkurrja-me-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2022\/07\/23\/pergjysmohet-numri-i-bagetive-ne-shqiperi-vetem-ne-2021-tkurrja-me-7\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrgjysmohet numri i bag\u00ebtive n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, vet\u00ebm n\u00eb 2021 tkurrja me 7%","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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Nga viti 2004 deri n\u00eb vitin 2021, numri i bag\u00ebtive n\u00eb vend ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me 50%. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vitin 2021, tkurrja ishte 7% p\u00ebr gjedhin dhe 3.2% p\u00ebr t\u00eb imtat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Blegtor\u00ebt paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb se, numri i krer\u00ebve do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjysmohet m\u00eb tej gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arsyet lidhen me kostot e larta, munges\u00ebn e subvencioneve, emigrimin e popullsis\u00eb rurale, nivelin e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb produktivitetit etj.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u00ebnia e krer\u00ebve po rrit importet e bulmetit dhe \u00e7mimet qum\u00ebshtit dhe n\u00ebnprodukteve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb pikat me pakic\u00eb. Fermat blegtorale humbin fizibilitetin, t\u00eb voglat deri n\u00eb 50 krer\u00eb n\u00eb faliment, t\u00eb m\u00ebdhat\u00eb n\u00eb mbijetes\u00eb,shkruan Blerina Hoxha e Monitor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nazim Buzo, blegtor 40-vje\u00e7ar n\u00eb zon\u00ebn Kor\u00e7\u00ebs, i cili mbar\u00ebshton nj\u00eb ferm\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl me 20 krer\u00eb lop\u00eb p\u00ebr qum\u00ebsht, po mendon t\u00eb reduktoj\u00eb numrin e krer\u00ebve vitin q\u00eb vjen, me gjas\u00eb ta mbyll\u00eb fare aktivitetin e lodhsh\u00ebm q\u00eb nuk ia shp\u00ebrblen mundin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si Nazimi edhe Luan \u00c7ela, n\u00eb fshatin Ngurr\u00ebz n\u00eb Fier, q\u00eb ka rreth 20 lop\u00eb dhe 30 kok\u00eb t\u00eb imta, do t\u00eb shes\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb shlyer 100 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb kredi n\u00eb bank\u00eb. T\u00eb dy fermer\u00ebt, q\u00eb konsiderohen ferma t\u00eb vogla, kan\u00eb n\u00eb plan q\u00eb n\u00eb vitet e ardhshme t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb disa krer\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr vet\u00ebkonsum dhe jo m\u00eb p\u00ebr treg.<\/span><\/p>\n

Brenda nj\u00eb viti, numri i krer\u00ebve t\u00eb gjedhit ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me 7%, por q\u00eb nga viti 2014 r\u00ebnia \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 50%. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zyrtare, n\u00eb vitin 2021, n\u00eb vend num\u00ebroheshin rreth 336 mij\u00eb krer\u00eb gjedh nga m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 654 mij\u00eb krer\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2014.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studime t\u00eb ndryshme tregojn\u00eb se numri i krer\u00ebve t\u00eb bag\u00ebtive ka p\u00ebsuar r\u00ebnie p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kategorit\u00eb fermave, t\u00eb vogla, t\u00eb mesme dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qarqet dhe llojet e kafsh\u00ebve. Blegtor\u00ebt pohuan se arsye kryesore p\u00ebr r\u00ebnien e krer\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e fizibilitetit n\u00eb k\u00ebto lloj biznesesh.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00ebr\u00ebn an\u00eb, fermat po p\u00ebrballen me kosto t\u00eb larta t\u00eb baz\u00ebs ushqimore, e cila n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, importohet nga jasht\u00eb dhe nga ana tjet\u00ebr, qeveria nuk ofron subvencione p\u00ebr blegtor\u00ebt n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kompensohen nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e kostove, ashtu si\u00e7 veprohet n\u00eb Rajon dhe Europ\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lahim Kosiqi, ekspert i blegtoris\u00eb n\u00eb Qarkun e Dibr\u00ebs, nj\u00eb zon\u00eb me tradit\u00eb n\u00eb blegtori sidomos n\u00eb t\u00eb imtat, tha se tani po braktiset mbar\u00ebshtimi n\u00eb mas\u00eb. Ai tha se shum\u00eb shpejt bag\u00ebtit\u00eb n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e tij do t\u00eb shuhen t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht. N\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Maqellar\u00ebs, deri para pes\u00eb vitesh, kishte mbi 350 krer\u00eb gjedh, tani nuk jan\u00eb as 50.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ai sheh si arsye themelore braktisjen e fshatit dhe munges\u00ebn e d\u00ebshir\u00ebs nga moshat e reja p\u00ebr t\u2019u marr\u00eb me blegtori. N\u00eb zonat rurale t\u00eb vendit, popullsia po plaket me shpejt\u00ebsi, dhe banor\u00ebt jan\u00eb duke i shitur bag\u00ebtit\u00eb pasi nuk kujdesen dot p\u00ebr to.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, vendi po p\u00ebrballet me rritjen e k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr prodhime vendase, si n\u00eb mish dhe bulmet.<\/span>
\nRritja e numrit t\u00eb turist\u00ebve dhe zhvillimi i agroturizmit e ka baz\u00ebn tek mishi dhe bulmeti, pa t\u00eb cilat sektori nuk mund t\u00eb zhvillohet. Altin Prenga, i cili administron nj\u00ebsin\u00eb e agroturizmit,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMrizi i Zanave\u201d, tha se kostot e mishit dhe bulmetit po rriten, pasi gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb merren me bujq\u00ebsi. Kulinaria shqiptare bazohet te mishi dhe n\u00ebnproduktet e tij, tha zoti Prenga, por nj\u00ebsit\u00eb e agroturizmit dhe restorantet nuk mund t\u00eb zhvillohen n\u00ebse nuk kemi prodhim vendas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tendenca e uljes s\u00eb numrit t\u00eb fermave t\u00eb orientuara ndaj tregut \u00ebsht\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese. P\u00ebr shembull, numri i fermave q\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5 lop\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktuar nga 4,250 ferma (n\u00eb vitin 2015) n\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 2800 t\u00eb tilla n\u00eb vitin 2020, duke konfirmuar v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e fermer\u00ebve me rritjen e kostove t\u00eb inputeve dhe ushqimit, koston e lart\u00eb t\u00eb punimit t\u00eb tok\u00ebs dhe \u00e7mimin e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb qum\u00ebshtit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, mishi dhe qum\u00ebshti i ngrir\u00eb i lir\u00eb i importuar nga nd\u00ebrmarrjet vendore t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit po pengon zhvillimin e brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb sektorit t\u00eb blegtoris\u00eb dhe po mban nj\u00eb presion t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm \u00e7mimesh mbi fermer\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Blegtor\u00ebt lajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrgjysmim t\u00eb krer\u00ebve m\u00eb 2022 nga kostot e larta<\/span><\/p>\n

Blegtor\u00ebt pohojn\u00eb se v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e krijuara pas luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, me rritjen e \u00e7mimeve do t\u00eb sjellin r\u00ebnie drastike t\u00eb krer\u00ebve t\u00eb bag\u00ebtive gjat\u00eb vitit 2022. Ervin Resuli, ekspert i sektorit t\u00eb blegtoris\u00eb, i cili gjithashtu mbar\u00ebshton nj\u00eb ferm\u00eb me gjedh, tha se, kostot p\u00ebr krer\u00eb jan\u00eb rritur drejt n\u00eb 50%, nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7mimet nuk kan\u00eb jan\u00eb transferuar te shitja e qum\u00ebshtit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Resuli thot\u00eb se, kosto ditore e nj\u00eb lope p\u00ebr qum\u00ebsht vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr ushqimin \u00ebsht\u00eb 1687 lek\u00eb, gati 50% m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2021. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb qum\u00ebshti me shumic\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 66 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr kilogram.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb lop\u00eb race e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar n\u00eb fermat e specializuara prodhon rreth 25 litra qum\u00ebsht n\u00eb dit\u00eb, duke siguruar t\u00eb ardhura ditore jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se, 1650 lek\u00eb. Fermer\u00ebt pohojn\u00eb se t\u00eb ardhurat nga qum\u00ebshti i nj\u00eb lope race nuk i mbulojn\u00eb shpenzimet e ushqimit t\u00eb saj.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb justifikuar koston e ushqimit, nj\u00eb lop\u00eb duhet t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 28-30 litra qum\u00ebsht n\u00eb dit\u00eb, por nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb bizneset e fermave p\u00ebrballen me kosto t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, transportit etj. Fermat e vogla kan\u00eb fitime edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta nga qum\u00ebshti me 50-60 lek\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si shum\u00eb biznese bujq\u00ebsore, fitimet e blegtor\u00ebve jan\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb presionin e kostove dhe shumica e tyre po rezultojn\u00eb me humbje. Fermat e m\u00ebdha jan\u00eb n\u00eb presionin e rritjes s\u00eb kostos s\u00eb ushqimit, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb trajtimit stallor. P\u00ebr k\u00ebto arsye, shum\u00eb blegtor\u00eb po heqin dor\u00eb nga mbar\u00ebshtimi dhe kjo sipas tij do t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb e dukshme gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikuarit, blegtor\u00ebt me 3 deri n\u00eb 50 krer\u00eb<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikuarat p\u00ebr faliment duket se jan\u00eb fermat e vogla dhe t\u00eb mesme nga 3 deri n\u00eb 50 krer\u00eb. Kjo kategori e fermave, sipas zotit Resuli, p\u00ebrballet me kosto t\u00eb larta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studimet e financuara nga programet e BE (IPARD iII) tregojn\u00eb se madh\u00ebsia minimale e nj\u00eb ferme ekonomikisht t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb blegtori, sipas numrit t\u00eb krer\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb si m\u00eb posht\u00eb, 6 lop\u00eb qum\u00ebshtore, 130 rip\u00ebrtyp\u00ebs t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl (dele\/dhi) mjel\u00ebs, 15 vi\u00e7a p\u00ebr mish (15 krer\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl x 2 cikle n\u00eb vit), 20 dosa ose 20,000 zogj pule p\u00ebr mish.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pragjet minimale p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e fermave blegtorale n\u00eb rastin e vendit ton\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 kostove t\u00eb aktivitetit, marrin n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb pag\u00ebn minimale p\u00ebr 2 persona (e barasvlershme me 500 euro n\u00eb muaj).<\/span><\/p>\n

Duke pranuar se madh\u00ebsia mesatare e familjes n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb 3.8 persona, rreziku i migrimit mbetet shum\u00eb i lart\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb aktivitetet bujq\u00ebsore, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat mbeten shum\u00eb m\u00eb posht\u00eb se pagat mesatare n\u00eb qendrat urbane n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lahim Kosiqi, ekspert i blegtoris\u00eb n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Dibr\u00ebs, tha se, r\u00ebnia e numrit t\u00eb bag\u00ebtive t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe se n\u00eb shifrat zyrtare t\u00eb INSTAT.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edhe zona e Kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Dod\u00ebs, e cila ka pasur nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb fort\u00eb n\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtimin e t\u00eb imtave, tani po shuhet. Zoti Kosiqi tha se blegtoria \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pun\u00eb e mundimshme dhe me fitime t\u00eb ul\u00ebta ose pa fitim fare. T\u00eb rinjt\u00eb nuk duan t\u00eb merren me bag\u00ebti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Familjet n\u00eb fshat po shk\u00ebputen nga tradita p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtuar dy-tre lop\u00eb p\u00ebr vet\u00ebkonsum. Familjet e reja nuk mbajn\u00eb fare bag\u00ebti, nd\u00ebrsa moshat e vjetra nuk kan\u00eb fuqi m\u00eb t\u00eb merren me k\u00ebt\u00eb zanat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prandaj zona e Dibr\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut q\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtojn\u00eb racat e rralla t\u00eb gjedhit \u201cgjersei\u201d dhe dhis\u00eb autoktone (dhia e Hasit) po heqin dor\u00eb nga traditat shekullore dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht po l\u00ebn\u00eb bosh tregun me prodhimet e mishit dhe bulmetit.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb r\u00ebnie edhe t\u00eb imtat, nuk ka fizibilitet deri n\u00eb 38 krer\u00eb<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastin e fermave q\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtojn\u00eb dele dhe dhi (shumica e fermave jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera), ferma mesatare zot\u00ebron 37.4 dele qum\u00ebshti (t\u00eb pjella) dhe\/ose 28.8 dhi qum\u00ebshti (t\u00eb pjella). Nd\u00ebrsa 78.9% e fermave me dele zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb nga 5 deri n\u00eb 50 dele, jan\u00eb 84% e fermave t\u00eb dhive n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn madh\u00ebsi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb studim i financuar nga BE vler\u00ebson se, pragu i q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb ekonomike vler\u00ebsohet n\u00eb 120 \u2013 130 dele ose dhi. Mbar\u00ebshtimi ekstensiv i deleve dhe dhive \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb q\u00eb aktualisht nuk po t\u00ebrheq fermer\u00ebt \/ barinjt\u00eb e rinj pasi ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb kufizuara eksportim, n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb afatshkurt\u00ebr p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kufizimeve nga mungesa e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore n\u00eb zonat rurale dhe fitimit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pa mb\u00ebshtetjen me fonde publike, ekziston rreziku q\u00eb shum\u00eb fermer\u00eb t\u00eb braktisin mbar\u00ebshtimin e tyre. P\u00ebr sa u p\u00ebrket fermave tradicionale t\u00eb derrave, tendenca \u00ebsht\u00eb leht\u00ebsisht pozitive, duke v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje rritjen e ndjeshme t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb dosave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, rritja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb fermave m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha konkurruese, pasi numri i fermave me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5 dosa u ul me 45,2% n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn kohore midis 2015 dhe 2019, por p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb numrit n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtuesve t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl (t\u00eb fermer\u00ebve q\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb vog\u00ebl krer\u00ebsh).<\/span><\/p>\n

Sektori i zogjve t\u00eb pulave p\u00ebr prodhim mishi \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht i polarizuar: Sasia m\u00eb e madhe e zogjve t\u00eb pulave p\u00ebr mish prodhohen n\u00eb 24 ferma, nd\u00ebrsa 99.8% e fermave kultivojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 1000 zogj pule p\u00ebr mish.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studimet e tregut rreth blegtoris\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se, faktor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm q\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb ruajtjen e nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhure t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme dhe t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetshme jan\u00eb njohurit\u00eb e kufizuara, aksesi i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb n\u00eb teknologjit\u00eb\/pajisjet\/makinerit\u00eb e reja, kosto e lart\u00eb n\u00eb inputet bujq\u00ebsore (ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe me cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb dob\u00ebt) dhe n\u00eb kreditim (si p\u00ebr prodhimin dhe p\u00ebr investimet).<\/span><\/p>\n

Emigrimi, arsye p\u00ebr zhdukjen e fermave t\u00eb vogla me kafsh\u00eb<\/span><\/p>\n

Reduktimi i numrit t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve p\u00ebr mish dhe qum\u00ebsht ka shkuar paralelisht me reduktimin e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb vend. Popullsia totale e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2022 arriti n\u00eb 2.85 milion\u00eb banor\u00eb, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt 1.43 milion\u00eb jan\u00eb gra, nd\u00ebrsa popullsia rurale n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin vit nuk p\u00ebrllogaritet m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1 milion banor\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrqindja e popullsis\u00eb rurale ka r\u00ebn\u00eb vazhdimisht nga 42,57% n\u00eb vitin 2015 n\u00eb 38,89% n\u00eb vitin 2020, e shkaktuar nga migrimi jasht\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht nivelet m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb lindjeve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Emigrant\u00ebt t\u00ebrhiqen kryesisht nga zonat urbane, pasi shkalla e urbanizimit \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rritje, pavar\u00ebsisht nga nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie e p\u00ebrgjithshme e popullsis\u00eb. Sipas parashikimeve, popullsia shqiptare do t\u00eb ulet me 100,000 njer\u00ebz n\u00eb rreth 2.75 milion\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2031 krahasuar me vitin 2020, e cila do t\u00eb jet\u00eb kryesisht n\u00eb zonat rurale, duke zgjeruar m\u00eb tej hendekun e madh social-ekonomik midis zonave urbane dhe rurale pa kund\u00ebrmasa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, cil\u00ebsia e jet\u00ebs n\u00eb fshat \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt dhe njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto zona jan\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr pragut p\u00ebr t\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb varf\u00ebri. Mungesa dhe cil\u00ebsia e dob\u00ebt e infrastruktur\u00ebs rurale dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve baz\u00eb jan\u00eb ende duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta n\u00eb zonat rurale, dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb zonat e thella dhe malore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vazhdimisht ka furnizim t\u00eb paq\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm me energji elektrike, sisteme t\u00eb pasigurta t\u00eb uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb zeza dhe kanalizimeve, nuk kryhet grumbullimi i mbetjeve, rrjeti rrugor rajonal dhe rural ose konektiviteti dixhital jan\u00eb shum\u00eb dob\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si rrjedhoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtij hendeku, popullsia n\u00eb fshat do t\u00eb vij\u00eb n\u00eb r\u00ebnie edhe n\u00eb vitet n\u00eb vijim dhe do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb r\u00ebnie drastike edhe n\u00eb numrin e fermave blegtorale t\u00eb vogla dhe t\u00eb mesme. P\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb fshat dhe duan t\u00eb merren me blegtori \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb gjetja e punonj\u00ebsve, sidomos \u00e7oban\u00ebve. Ky profesion i zakonsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr zonat rurale i trash\u00ebguar n\u00eb histori tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb drejt zhdukjes, pasi t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb zgjedhin emigrimin apo pun\u00eb t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb kullosin bag\u00ebtit\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diversifikimi n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb d\u00ebmton blegtorin\u00eb<\/span><\/p>\n

Blegtoria nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pun\u00eb me sezon, ndryshe nga bizneset e fermave n\u00eb fush\u00eb dhe n\u00eb serra. Bag\u00ebtit\u00eb jan\u00eb fabrika konsumi t\u00eb ushqimit n\u00eb \u00e7do sekond\u00eb pa pushim, por prodhimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sidomos n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotme ku kostot kan\u00eb arritur majat, t\u00eb rris\u00ebsh bag\u00ebti nuk konsiderohet nj\u00eb zgjidhje e mir\u00eb n\u00eb kushtet kur subvencionet shtet\u00ebrore mungojn\u00eb. Ndaj shum\u00eb fermer\u00eb po diversifikohen drejt sektor\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Veriut, shum\u00eb fermer\u00eb kan\u00eb nisur t\u00eb mbar\u00ebshtojn\u00eb blet\u00eb. Biznesi, edhe pse ka rreziqe t\u00eb shumta p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb njohurive t\u00eb fermer\u00ebve, sjell fitime m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se deg\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

P.sh. fitimet neto t\u00eb Kujtimit, nj\u00eb blet\u00ebrrit\u00ebs n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Tropoj\u00ebs, arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb rreth 16 mij\u00eb euro vit nga ferma e tij prej 107 kosheresh. Fitimet ishin sa dyfishi i pag\u00ebs mesatare n\u00eb vend, teksa bletaria \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak e lodhshme se bizneset e tjera t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb si blegtoria dhe kultivimi i perimeve. Mbar\u00ebshtimi i blet\u00ebve po shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb tendenc\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb INSTAT, n\u00eb vitin 2021, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin ishin 394 mij\u00eb koshere, me rritje 36% nga viti 2017. N\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb numri i bag\u00ebtive dhe t\u00eb imtave ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi, numri i koshereve po rritet.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb fitmeve m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta, shum\u00eb banor\u00eb t\u00eb zonave rurale q\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb merreshin me blegtori, tani punojn\u00eb si punonj\u00ebs me pag\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e nd\u00ebrtimit dhe n\u00eb aktivitete t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb zonat urbane.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pagat n\u00eb sektorin bujq\u00ebsor jan\u00eb rreth nivelit minimal. Diferenca nd\u00ebrmjet pag\u00ebs n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi dhe pag\u00ebs mesatare n\u00eb rang vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb thelluar m\u00eb tej n\u00eb dy vitet e fundit duke arritur n\u00eb 36% nga rreth 24% q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb dekad\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Modeli ekonomik, i bazuar te nd\u00ebrtimi, nuk favorizon fermat<\/span><\/p>\n

Lul\u00ebzimi i fermave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve i pati fillimet e veta pas kriz\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 2008, ku r\u00ebnia e aktivitetit n\u00eb sektorin e nd\u00ebrtimit orientoi likuiditet n\u00eb ekonomi drejt fermave me stalla. Shum\u00eb nd\u00ebrtues hap\u00ebn stalla, por shum\u00eb shpejt ata u zhg\u00ebnjyen, pasi fitimet ishin me pikatore dhe shpesh u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me humbje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Duke pasur munges\u00eb p\u00ebrvoje, shum\u00eb kapanone p\u00ebr bag\u00ebti u nd\u00ebrtuan n\u00eb mjedis urban, pa pasur tok\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion. Fermat p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn teknologji moderne, mor\u00ebn raca nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare me rendiment t\u00eb lart\u00eb, ushqim t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb me teknologji, por u detyruan t\u00eb importojn\u00eb ushqim.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr nj\u00eb lop\u00eb duhet minimalisht gjysm\u00eb hektar tok\u00eb. U investua gjithashtu n\u00eb raca q\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrshtateshin me kushtet klimatike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb investoheshin n\u00eb racat shqiptare, q\u00eb p\u00ebr nga rendimenti mund t\u00eb jepnin prodhim m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, por jan\u00eb m\u00eb rezistente ndaj kushteve t\u00eb ekosistemit k\u00ebtu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo me gjith\u00eb gabimet q\u00eb pati dyndja e investimeve n\u00eb stalla e rriti numrin e krer\u00ebve dhe prodhimin vendas. Por vitet e fundit sektori i nd\u00ebrtimit \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer me zhvillime t\u00eb vrullshme. Numri i lejeve ka arritur rekorde historike dy vitet e fundit, duke thithur forc\u00ebn pun\u00ebtore nga fshati dhe duke t\u00ebrhequr likuiditetet n\u00eb ekonomi, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb konkurrues i fort\u00eb i deg\u00ebs s\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u00ebnia e bag\u00ebtive, n\u00eb r\u00ebnie prodhimi i bulmetrave, rriten importet<\/span><\/p>\n

Paralelisht me r\u00ebnien e numrit t\u00eb krer\u00ebve ka p\u00ebsuar r\u00ebnie edhe prodhimi i qum\u00ebshtit dhe n\u00ebnprodukteve t\u00eb tij. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zyrtare nga INSTAT, n\u00eb vitin 2021, sasia gjithsej e qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb grumbulluar rezulton rreth 115 mij\u00eb ton\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas llojit, sasia e grumbulluar e qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb lop\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 94 mij\u00eb ton\u00eb, e qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb deles, 13 mij\u00eb ton\u00eb dhe sasia e grumbulluar e qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb dhis\u00eb, rreth 8 mij\u00eb ton\u00eb. Krahasuar me vitin 2020, sasia e grumbulluar e qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb lop\u00ebs paraqitet me r\u00ebnie 7,4%, nd\u00ebrsa sasia e grumbulluar e qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb deles dhe e dhis\u00eb paraqitet me rritje p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht me 26,3% dhe 8,0%.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u00ebnia e bag\u00ebtive po stimulon rritjen e importeve t\u00eb mishit dhe bulmetrave. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e tregtis\u00eb s\u00eb jashtme tregojn\u00eb se gjat\u00eb 5-mujorit t\u00eb par\u00eb 2022, importet e bulmetrave dhe vez\u00ebve sh\u00ebnuan rritje vjetore me 18%. Rritja ishte m\u00eb e fort\u00eb n\u00eb muajin maj, pasi rritja e sasive mujore t\u00eb importit t\u00eb bulmetrave sh\u00ebnoi rritje vjetore me 42%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Menaxher\u00ebt n\u00eb fabrikat e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb qum\u00ebshtit shpjeguan p\u00ebr nj\u00eb prirje t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb furnizimeve me l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb nga importi, p\u00ebr shkak se n\u00eb tregun vendas ka mungesa t\u00eb furnizimit, por edhe p\u00ebr faktin se \u00e7mimi i qum\u00ebshtit t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar nga tregjet e Serbis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i lir\u00eb se prodhimet e fermer\u00ebve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rritja e importeve t\u00eb bulmetit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb agresive tre vitet e fundit. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat zyrtare mbi tregtin\u00eb e jashtme, gjat\u00eb vitit 2021, tregojn\u00eb se importet e bulmetit, vez\u00ebve dhe mjaltit u rrit\u00ebn me 27%, duke arritur vler\u00ebn totale prej 4,7 miliard\u00eb lek\u00ebsh (38,8 milion\u00eb euro).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebna m\u00eb t\u00eb detajuara tregojn\u00eb se, importet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb grup udh\u00ebhiqen nga bulmeti dhe se rritja gjat\u00eb vitit 2021 \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar nga shtimi i importeve t\u00eb qum\u00ebshtit nga Serbia, e cila ka ndikuar n\u00eb 25% t\u00eb totalit t\u00eb rritjes totale. Importet e bulmetit nga ky vend arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb 327 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2021, me nj\u00eb rritje 251% n\u00eb raport me vitin 2020. Si rrjedhoj\u00eb, deficiti tregtar me jasht\u00eb u zgjerua me 27% vitin e kaluar.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/strong><\/span> Artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00eb intelektuale e Revista Monitor<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga viti 2004 deri n\u00eb vitin 2021, numri i bag\u00ebtive n\u00eb vend ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me 50%. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vitin 2021, tkurrja ishte 7% p\u00ebr gjedhin dhe 3.2% p\u00ebr t\u00eb imtat. Blegtor\u00ebt paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb se, numri i krer\u00ebve do t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjysmohet m\u00eb tej gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti. Arsyet lidhen me kostot e larta, munges\u00ebn e subvencioneve, emigrimin e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":32,"featured_media":518534,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-537454","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme","category-te-fundit"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/537454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=537454"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/537454\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/518534"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=537454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=537454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=537454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}