{"id":524816,"date":"2022-05-20T10:47:57","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T08:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=524816"},"modified":"2022-05-20T10:51:22","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T08:51:22","slug":"524816","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2022\/05\/20\/524816\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cT\u00eb nisin hetimet\u201d – Jeffrey Sachs tregon prova se Covid-19 mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb krijuar n\u00eb laborator (HULUMTIMI)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Q\u00eb pas shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb s\u00eb shkaktuar nga virusi SARS-CoV-2 n\u00eb janar t\u00eb vitit 2020 n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, origjina e virusit ka qen\u00eb tem\u00eb e debatit intensiv shkencor dhe spekulimeve publike. <\/span><\/p>\n

Dy hipotezat kryesore jan\u00eb se virusi doli ose nga ekspozimi i njeriut ndaj nj\u00eb kafshe t\u00eb infektuar, ose se ai u krijua n\u00eb laborator.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb artikull i publikuar s\u00eb fundmi n\u00eb revist\u00ebn shkrencore \u201cProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\u201d<\/a><\/span> sugjeron se ajo q\u00eb ka ndodhur \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo e dyta.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb artikullin n\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb botuar t\u00eb enjten, ekonomisti Jeffrey Sachs b\u00ebri thirrje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb hetim t\u00eb pavarur t\u00eb informacionit t\u00eb mbajtur nga institucionet me baz\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA q\u00eb mund t\u00eb hedhin drit\u00eb sipas tij mbi origjin\u00ebn e pandemis\u00eb Covid-19.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sachs dhe bashk\u00ebautori i artikullit Neil Harrison, profesor i farmakologjis\u00eb molekulare dhe terapeutik\u00ebs n\u00eb Universitetin e Kolumbis\u00eb, than\u00eb se agjencit\u00eb dhe universitetet federale posedojn\u00eb prova q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb shqyrtuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb adekuate, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb: bazat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb viruseve, mostrat biologjike, sekuencat virale, komunikimet me email dhe fletoret e laboratorit.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Sachs dhe Harrison theksuan gjithashtu nj\u00eb detaj shkencor q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb tregues se SARS-CoV-2, e ka origjin\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb laborator: nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb prej tet\u00eb aminoacidesh n\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb kritike t\u00eb protein\u00ebs s\u00eb maj\u00ebs s\u00eb virusit \u00ebsht\u00eb identike me nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb aminoacide q\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb qelizat n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e frym\u00ebmarrjes njer\u00ebzore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Artikulli ofron nj\u00eb hart\u00eb shkencore t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs se si kjo sekuenc\u00eb e pazakont\u00eb e aminoacideve mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs, ose FCS, t\u00eb virusit. Sachs dhe Harrison pranojn\u00eb se sekuenca mund t\u00eb kishte lindur natyrsh\u00ebm. Por ata parashtrojn\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi tjet\u00ebr: q\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt mund ta ken\u00eb futur q\u00ebllimisht k\u00ebt\u00eb varg t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb aminoacidesh n\u00eb nj\u00eb koronavirus t\u00eb lakuriqit t\u00eb nat\u00ebs gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ata fokusohen ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht te shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt q\u00eb paraqit\u00ebn nj\u00eb propozim granti t\u00eb pafinancuar tek nj\u00eb divizion i Departamentit t\u00eb Mbrojtjes t\u00eb quajtur Agjencia e Projekteve t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb Avancuar t\u00eb Mbrojtjes, ose DARPA. Sipas Sachs dhe Harrison k\u00ebta shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb kishin plane p\u00ebr t\u00eb futur nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs n\u00eb nj\u00eb koronavirus t\u00eb lakuriqit t\u00eb nat\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Synimi i propozimit t\u00eb DARPA ishte t\u00eb \u201cparandalonte k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet patogjene n\u00eb zhvillim\u201d<\/em>, por puna, n\u00ebse do t\u00eb kryhej, mund t\u00eb kishte krijuar nj\u00eb virus t\u00eb ri t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb infektonte njer\u00ebzit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Disa shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb intervistuar n\u00eb lidhje me propozimin e DARPA n\u00eb shtator i than\u00eb gazet\u00ebs \u201cThe Intercept\u201d se shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt shpesh i fillojn\u00eb k\u00ebrkimet p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb fonde dhe k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb disa nga eksperimentet e p\u00ebrshkruara n\u00eb propozim mund t\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrfunduar tashm\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por kur u pyet p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb, Peter Daszak, presidenti i Aleanc\u00ebs EcoHealth, e hodhi posht\u00eb at\u00eb: \u201cPropozimi i DARPA-s nuk u financua. Prandaj, puna nuk u krye. E thjesht\u00eb.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Sachs dhe Harrison shkruajn\u00eb se hetimi p\u00ebr origjin\u00ebn e virusit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb provave kryesore q\u00eb nga dit\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimit – nuk ka dyshim se nj\u00eb transparenc\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe nga ana e autoriteteve kineze do t\u00eb ishte jasht\u00ebzakonisht e dobishme.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMegjithat\u00eb, ne argumentojm\u00eb k\u00ebtu se ka shum\u00eb informacione t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb mund t\u00eb nxirren nga institucionet k\u00ebrkimore me baz\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA, informacion q\u00eb ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr shqyrtim t\u00eb pavarur, transparent dhe shkencor.\u201d-<\/em> thon\u00eb ata.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sachs dhe Harrison, sugjerojn\u00eb se studiuesit mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb futur vargun e aminoacideve n\u00eb nj\u00eb koronavirus t\u00eb lakuriqit t\u00eb nat\u00ebs pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tij t\u00eb njohur p\u00ebr funksionin e mushk\u00ebrive.<\/span><\/p>\n

“P\u00ebr nj\u00eb ekip hulumtues q\u00eb vler\u00ebson potencialin pandemik t\u00eb koronaviruseve t\u00eb lidhura me SARS, FCS e ENaC-s\u00eb njer\u00ebzore – nj\u00eb FCS q\u00eb dihet se ndahet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase nga furina e bujt\u00ebsit e pranishme n\u00eb vendndodhjen e synuar (qelizat epiteliale) t\u00eb nj\u00eb organi t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb synuar (mushk\u00ebri), organizmi i synuar (njer\u00ebzor) – mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjedhje racionale, n\u00ebse jo e dukshme, e FCS p\u00ebr t’u futur n\u00eb nj\u00eb virus n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb infektueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e tij, n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me pun\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb kryera m\u00eb par\u00eb.”<\/em>– shkruajn\u00eb ata.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb zgjedhje e till\u00eb, theksojn\u00eb ata, do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me nj\u00eb projekt tjet\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimor viral n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin bashk\u00ebpunuan Aleanca EcoHealth, Instituti i Virologjis\u00eb Wuhan dhe Baric i UNC: nj\u00eb grant i vitit 2014 nga Instituti Komb\u00ebtar i Alergjis\u00eb dhe S\u00ebmundjeve Infektive q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte rritjen e transmetueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe patogjenitetit t\u00eb koronaviruseve t\u00eb lakuriq\u00ebve t\u00eb nat\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

LISTA E RAST\u00cbSIVE N\u00cb RRITJE<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Teoria intriguese e inxhinieris\u00eb virale varet nga dy v\u00ebzhgime: se sekuencat e aminoacideve p\u00ebrputhen dhe se ekspert\u00ebt si n\u00eb vendin e ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs ENaC-alfa ashtu edhe n\u00eb futjen e sekuencave gjenetike n\u00eb koronaviruset e lakuriq\u00ebve t\u00eb nat\u00ebs funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin institucion akademik: Universiteti i Karolin\u00ebs s\u00eb Veriut, Chapel Hill.<\/span><\/p>\n

Baric, puna e t\u00eb cilit synon t\u00eb parandaloj\u00eb dhe krijoj\u00eb trajtime p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrthimet virale, ka futur m\u00eb par\u00eb segmente t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb dhe ARN-s\u00eb n\u00eb viruse dhe ka krijuar nj\u00eb klon infektiv t\u00eb SARS duke p\u00ebrdorur metod\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb patentuar “No See’m” p\u00ebr futjen e materialeve gjenetike pa gjurm\u00eb. Ai gjithashtu ka bashk\u00ebpunuar n\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin e koronavirusit me shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb nga nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr p\u00ebr studime t\u00eb mushk\u00ebrive n\u00eb UNC-Chapel Hill, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb njohuri p\u00ebr ENaC-alpha. <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb studim t\u00eb vitit 2016, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt krijuan nj\u00eb virus t\u00eb ri duke p\u00ebrdorur maj\u00ebn e nj\u00eb koronavirusi t\u00eb lakuriqit t\u00eb nat\u00ebs q\u00eb ishte izoluar dhe karakterizuar nga Instituti i Virologjis\u00eb n\u00eb Wuhan. Eksperimenti zbuloi se virusi i ri “p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase”<\/em> n\u00eb qelizat e rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes njer\u00ebzore q\u00eb u kultivuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb laborator.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb punim tjet\u00ebr, t\u00eb botuar nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb, Baric, s\u00eb bashku me Shi Zhengli t\u00eb Institutit t\u00eb Virologjis\u00eb n\u00eb Wuhan dhe nj\u00eb ekspert t\u00eb mushk\u00ebrive n\u00eb institutin e mushk\u00ebrive UNC-Chapel Hill, p\u00ebrshkruan krijimin e nj\u00eb virusi hibrid duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb virus t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me SARS nga nj\u00eb lakuriq nate dhe nj\u00eb koronavirus t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatur p\u00ebr minjt\u00eb. Virusi i ri b\u00ebri q\u00eb minjt\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00ebmureshin m\u00eb shum\u00eb se ata t\u00eb ekspozuar ndaj virusit origjinal. Q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtyre eksperimenteve ishte p\u00ebrgatitja p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb virus mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrcej\u00eb natyrsh\u00ebm nga kafsh\u00ebt te njer\u00ebzit, si\u00e7 kishte ndodhur me SARS n\u00eb vitin 2003. Por edhe para pandemis\u00eb, eksperimenti t\u00ebrhoqi kritika nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuar sepse studiuesit kishin krijuar nj\u00eb virus q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej te njer\u00ebzit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sachs dhe Harrison v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt q\u00eb ishin bashk\u00ebautor\u00eb t\u00eb propozimit t\u00eb grantit t\u00eb DARPA-s do t\u00eb kishin qen\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkimet n\u00eb vendet e ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs s\u00eb koronavirusit, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nj\u00eb eksperiment t\u00eb vitit 2006, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin nj\u00eb vend i ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs u fut n\u00eb nj\u00eb koronavirus.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ekipi hulumtues do t\u00eb kishte gjithashtu nj\u00ebfar\u00eb familjariteti me sekuenc\u00ebn FCS dhe mekanizmin e aktivizimit t\u00eb varur nga FCS t\u00eb ENaC njer\u00ebzore, i cili u karakterizua gjer\u00ebsisht n\u00eb UNC.”<\/em>– shkruajn\u00eb ata.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, si mbivendosja n\u00eb sekuenc\u00ebn e aminoacideve ashtu edhe fakti q\u00eb ekspert\u00ebt n\u00eb vendin e ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs s\u00eb ENaC-alfa dhe futja e materialit gjenetik n\u00eb koronaviruset e lakuriq\u00ebve t\u00eb nat\u00ebs punojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin universitet mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme, si\u00e7 pranojn\u00eb Harrison dhe Sachs. Megjithat\u00eb, disa virolog\u00eb thon\u00eb se rast\u00ebsia e sforcon besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Richard Ebright, nj\u00eb biolog molekular n\u00eb Universitetin Rutgers, kur u pyet p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebto gj\u00ebra t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb dyja dukuri t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme ai p\u00ebrgjigjet: “Mundet. Por lista e rast\u00ebsive po b\u00ebhet shum\u00eb e gjat\u00eb.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ebright, nj\u00eb ithtar i hetimit t\u00eb origjin\u00ebs s\u00eb SARS-CoV-2 dhe i hetimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes natyrore dhe t\u00eb lidhur me k\u00ebrkimin, t\u00eb cilin Harrison dhe Sachs e fal\u00ebnderojn\u00eb “p\u00ebr komentet e dobishme mbi dor\u00ebshkrimin”, p\u00ebrshkroi disa nga rast\u00ebsit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb Covid q\u00eb ai i konsideron t\u00eb dyshimta.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrfshin shp\u00ebrthimin fillestar t\u00eb kioronavirusit n\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet q\u00eb, shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpara vitit 2019, ishte p\u00ebrcaktuar tashm\u00eb si nj\u00eb rrezik biosigurie. Ebright vuri n\u00eb dukje gjithashtu distanc\u00ebn 1000 milje t\u00eb Wuhan-it nga lakuriq\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt t\u00eb eg\u00ebr q\u00eb mbartin llojin e koronaviruseve t\u00eb lidhura me SARS q\u00eb shkaktuan pandemin\u00eb. Dhe ai vuri n\u00eb dukje kodimin e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb aminoacideve n\u00eb vendin e ndarjes s\u00eb furin\u00ebs s\u00eb SARS-CoV2.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/span> Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00eb intelektuale e The Intercept<\/a> <\/span>\/ P\u00ebrshtatur n\u00eb shqip nga Hashtag.al<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

*Kliko k\u00ebtu<\/a> <\/span>p\u00ebr studimin origjinal t\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb revist\u00ebn shkencore PNAS<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Q\u00eb pas shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb s\u00eb shkaktuar nga virusi SARS-CoV-2 n\u00eb janar t\u00eb vitit 2020 n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, origjina e virusit ka qen\u00eb tem\u00eb e debatit intensiv shkencor dhe spekulimeve publike. Dy hipotezat kryesore jan\u00eb se virusi doli ose nga ekspozimi i njeriut ndaj nj\u00eb kafshe t\u00eb infektuar, ose se ai u krijua n\u00eb laborator. Nj\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":30,"featured_media":524819,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,6,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-524816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ballina","category-nderkombetare","category-te-fundit"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/524816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=524816"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/524816\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/524819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=524816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=524816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=524816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}