{"id":499414,"date":"2022-01-22T22:50:13","date_gmt":"2022-01-22T21:50:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/?p=499414"},"modified":"2022-01-23T00:04:08","modified_gmt":"2022-01-22T23:04:08","slug":"universi-25-eksperimenti-utopia-me-minjte-qe-u-shnderrua-ne-apokalips-video","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2022\/01\/22\/universi-25-eksperimenti-utopia-me-minjte-qe-u-shnderrua-ne-apokalips-video\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cUniversi 25\u201d – Eksperimenti \u2018utopia\u2019 me minjt\u00eb q\u00eb u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb apokalips (Video)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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Gjat\u00eb disa qindra viteve t\u00eb fundit, popullsia njer\u00ebzore e Tok\u00ebs ka par\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje, duke na \u00e7uar nga nj\u00eb miliard n\u00eb 1804 n\u00eb shtat\u00eb miliard\u00eb n\u00eb 2017. Gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe, jan\u00eb ngritur shqet\u00ebsime se numri yn\u00eb mund t\u00eb tejkaloj\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb ton\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar ushqim , duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb uri t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Disa – Maltusian\u00ebt<\/a> – madje ishin t\u00eb mendimit se me mbarimin e burimeve, popullsia do t\u00eb \u2018kontrollonte\u2019 veten p\u00ebrmes vdekjeve masive derisa t\u00eb arrihej nj\u00eb popullsi e q\u00ebndrueshme. Si\u00e7 ndodh, p\u00ebrparimet n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, ndryshimet n\u00eb praktikat bujq\u00ebsore dhe teknologjia e re bujq\u00ebsore na kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb ushqim t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb ushqyer 10 miliard\u00eb njer\u00ebz por \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra se si shp\u00ebrndahet ushqimi q\u00eb ka shkaktuar zi buke dhe uri masive.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrdorim burimet tona dhe kriza klimatike p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet, e gjith\u00eb kjo mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb – por tani p\u00ebr tani, ne kemi qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb prodhojm\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb ushqim sesa kemi nevoj\u00eb, edhe n\u00ebse na ka munguar vullneti ose aft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t’ua shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb at\u00eb atyre q\u00eb kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ishin t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr munges\u00ebn e burimeve, nj\u00eb studiues i sjelljes n\u00eb vitet 1970 u p\u00ebrpoq t’i p\u00ebrgjigjej nj\u00eb pyetjeje tjet\u00ebr: \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh me shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha orekset tona plot\u00ebsohen dhe t\u00eb gjitha nevojat tona plot\u00ebsohen? P\u00ebrgjigja – sipas studimit t\u00eb tij – ishte nj\u00eb kanibaliz\u00ebm i tmerrsh\u00ebm i ndjekur s\u00eb shpejti nga nj\u00eb apokalips.<\/span><\/p>\n

John B Calhoun filloi t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb seri eksperimentesh q\u00eb n\u00eb thelb do t\u00eb plot\u00ebsonin \u00e7do nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb brejt\u00ebsve dhe m\u00eb pas do t\u00eb gjurmonin efektin n\u00eb popullat\u00eb me kalimin e koh\u00ebs. Eksperimenti m\u00eb fam\u00ebkeqi nga eksperimentet u em\u00ebrua, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mjaft dramatike, Universi 25.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb studim, ai mori kat\u00ebr \u00e7ifte minjsh p\u00ebr mbar\u00ebshtim dhe i vendosi brenda nj\u00eb \u2018utopie\u2019. Mjedisi u krijua p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar problemet q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7onin n\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebri n\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb eg\u00ebr. Ata mund t\u00eb kishin ushqim t\u00eb pakufish\u00ebm n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet 16 gropave ushqimore, t\u00eb aksesuara n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet tuneleve, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb ushqenin deri n\u00eb 25 minj n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, si dhe shishe uji. <\/span><\/p>\n

Materiali folezues u sigurua. Moti u mbajt n\u00eb 20\u00b0C, q\u00eb \u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb temperatura perfekte p\u00ebr minjt\u00eb. Minjt\u00eb u zgjodh\u00ebn sipas sh\u00ebndetit t\u00eb tyre, t\u00eb marr\u00eb nga kolonia e mbar\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb Institutit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndetit. U mor\u00ebn masa paraprake ekstreme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar \u00e7do s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb hynte n\u00eb univers.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, asnj\u00eb grabitqar nuk ishte i pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb utopi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eksperimenti filloi dhe si\u00e7 mund ta prisnit, minjt\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn koh\u00ebn q\u00eb zakonisht harxhohej n\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin e ushqimit dhe strehimit p\u00ebr kryerjen e sasive t\u00eb tep\u00ebrta t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve seksuale. Rreth \u00e7do 55 dit\u00eb, popullsia dyfishohej nd\u00ebrsa minjt\u00eb mbushnin hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshirueshme, ku qasja n\u00eb tunelet e ushqimit ishte e leht\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kur popullsia arriti n\u00eb 620 individ\u00eb, kjo u ngadal\u00ebsua duke u dyfishuar \u00e7do 145 dit\u00eb, pasi shoq\u00ebria e minjve filloi t\u00eb haste probleme. Minjt\u00eb u ndan\u00eb n\u00eb grupe dhe ata q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb gjenin nj\u00eb rol n\u00eb k\u00ebto grupe, e gjet\u00ebn veten pa nj\u00eb vend ku t\u00eb shkonin.<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn normale t\u00eb ngjarjeve n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis natyror ekologjik, m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj mbijetojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb pjekuri sesa \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e tyre q\u00eb po vdesin ose po plaken.” –<\/em> shkroi Calhoun n\u00eb 1972.<\/span><\/p>\n

“T\u00eb tep\u00ebrtit q\u00eb nuk gjejn\u00eb asnj\u00eb pozicion social emigrojn\u00eb.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu, \u2018teprica\u2019 \u200b\u200bnuk mund t\u00eb emigronte, sepse nuk kishte ku t\u00eb shkonte. Minjt\u00eb q\u00eb e gjet\u00ebn veten pa asnj\u00eb rol social p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar, u izoluan.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Meshkujt q\u00eb d\u00ebshtuan u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn fizikisht dhe psikologjikisht; ata u b\u00ebn\u00eb shum\u00eb joaktiv\u00eb dhe u grumbulluan n\u00eb pishina t\u00eb m\u00ebdha pran\u00eb qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb dyshemes\u00eb s\u00eb universit. Q\u00eb nga kjo pik\u00eb e tutje ata nuk filluan m\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprim me bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e tyre, e as sjellja e tyre nuk shkaktoi sulm nga meshkujt territorial\u00eb\u201d<\/em>, lexohet n\u00eb studim.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Megjithat\u00eb, ata u karakterizuan nga shum\u00eb plag\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb d\u00ebmtime si rezultat i sulmeve nga meshkuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Meshkujt e t\u00ebrhequr nuk p\u00ebrgjigjeshin gjat\u00eb sulmeve, ata q\u00ebndronin t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb aty t\u00eb pal\u00ebvizsh\u00ebm. M\u00eb von\u00eb ata do t\u00eb sulmonin t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin model. Homolog\u00ebt femra t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre meshkujve t\u00eb izoluar u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn gjithashtu. Disa minj i kalonin dit\u00ebt duke u p\u00ebrgatitur, duke iu shmangur \u00e7ift\u00ebzimit dhe duke mos u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kurr\u00eb n\u00eb luftime. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ata kishin g\u00ebzof t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ndryshimi i sjelljes s\u00eb zakonshme nuk ishte e kufizuar vet\u00ebm tek t\u00eb huajt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Minjt\u00eb \u2018alfa\u2019 u b\u00ebn\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht agresiv\u00eb, duke sulmuar t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt pa asnj\u00eb motiv apo p\u00ebrfitim p\u00ebr veten e tyre, dhe rregullisht p\u00ebrdhunonin meshkujt dhe femrat. Takimet e dhunshme ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrfundonin n\u00eb kanibaliz\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht – ose ndoshta sepse – \u00e7do nevoj\u00eb e tyre po plot\u00ebsohej, n\u00ebnat do t’i braktisnin t\u00eb vegjlit e tyre ose thjesht do t’i harronin plot\u00ebsisht, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb kujdeseshin p\u00ebr veten e tyre. Edhe minjt\u00eb n\u00ebna u b\u00ebn\u00eb agresiv\u00eb ndaj shkel\u00ebsve t\u00eb foleve t\u00eb tyre, me meshkujt q\u00eb normalisht do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushnin k\u00ebt\u00eb rol t\u00eb d\u00ebbuar n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb utopis\u00eb. Ky agresion u p\u00ebrhap dhe n\u00ebnat vrisnin rregullisht t\u00eb vegjlit e tyre. Vdekshm\u00ebria foshnjore n\u00eb disa territore t\u00eb utopis\u00eb arriti n\u00eb 90 p\u00ebrqind.<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/minjte.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kjo ishte e gjitha gjat\u00eb faz\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnies s\u00eb “utopis\u00eb”. N\u00eb faz\u00ebn q\u00eb Calhoun e quajti “vdekja e dyt\u00eb”, \u00e7far\u00ebdo minjsh t\u00eb rinj q\u00eb mbijetonin nga sulmet nga n\u00ebnat e tyre dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, do t\u00eb rriteshin rreth k\u00ebtyre sjelljeve t\u00eb pazakonta t\u00eb miut. Si rezultat, ata nuk m\u00ebsuan kurr\u00eb sjelljet e zakonshme t\u00eb minjve dhe shum\u00eb prej tyre treguan pak ose aspak interes p\u00ebr \u00e7ift\u00ebzimin, duke preferuar t\u00eb hanin dhe t\u00eb pastroheshin vet\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Popullsia arriti kulmin n\u00eb 2,200 \u2013 m\u00eb pak se kapaciteti aktual prej 3,000 minjve t\u00eb \u201cuniversit\u201d \u2013 dhe prej andej erdhi r\u00ebnia. Shum\u00eb nga minjt\u00eb nuk ishin t\u00eb interesuar t\u00eb shumoheshin dhe u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn n\u00eb kuvert\u00ebn e sip\u00ebrme, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt u \u00a0bashkuan n\u00eb banda t\u00eb dhunshme posht\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb sulmonin dhe kanibalizonin rregullisht grupe t\u00eb tjera, si dhe grupet e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shkalla e ul\u00ebt e lindjeve dhe vdekshm\u00ebria e lart\u00eb foshnjore u kombinuan me dhun\u00ebn dhe s\u00eb shpejti e gjith\u00eb kolonia u zhduk. Gjat\u00eb epokalipsit t\u00eb miut, ushqimi mbeti i bollsh\u00ebm dhe \u00e7do nevoj\u00eb e tyre u plot\u00ebsua plot\u00ebsisht.<\/span><\/p>\n

Calhoun e quajti at\u00eb q\u00eb ai e pa si shkakun e kolapsit \u2018bataku i sjelljes\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

“P\u00ebr nj\u00eb kafsh\u00eb kaq t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb sa miu, sjelljet m\u00eb komplekse p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb grupin e nd\u00ebrlidhur t\u00eb miq\u00ebsis\u00eb, kujdesit t\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebs, mbrojtjes territoriale dhe organizimit shoq\u00ebror hierarkik brenda grupit dhe nd\u00ebrgrupit,”<\/em> p\u00ebrfundoi ai n\u00eb studimin e tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Kur sjelljet q\u00eb lidhen me k\u00ebto funksione nuk arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb maturohen, nuk ka zhvillim t\u00eb organizimit shoq\u00ebror dhe nuk ka riprodhim. Ashtu si n\u00eb rastin e studimit tim t\u00eb raportuar m\u00eb lart, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e popullat\u00ebs do t\u00eb plaken dhe p\u00ebrfundimisht do t\u00eb vdesin. Llojet do t\u00eb vdesin.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ai besonte se eksperimenti i miut mund t\u00eb zbatohet edhe p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit, dhe paralajm\u00ebroi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dit\u00eb ku t\u00eb gjitha nevojat tona plot\u00ebsohen.<\/span><\/p>\n

“P\u00ebr nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb kaq t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar sa njeriu, nuk ka asnj\u00eb arsye logjike pse nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb e krahasueshme ngjarjesh nuk duhet t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb gjithashtu n\u00eb zhdukjen e specieve. N\u00ebse mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbushjen e rolit jan\u00eb shum\u00eb larg k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs nga ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb rolet dhe t\u00eb ken\u00eb pritshm\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb, vet\u00ebm dhuna dhe p\u00ebr\u00e7arja e organizimit shoq\u00ebror mund t\u00eb pasoj\u00eb.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, eksperimenti dhe p\u00ebrfundimi u b\u00ebn\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb njohura, duke rezonuar me ndjenjat e njer\u00ebzve p\u00ebr mbipopullimin n\u00eb zonat urbane q\u00eb \u00e7uan n\u00eb \u2018prishje morale\u2019 (megjith\u00ebse sigurisht, kjo injoron kaq shum\u00eb faktor\u00eb si varf\u00ebria dhe paragjykimi).<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e fundit, njer\u00ebzit kan\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dyshim n\u00ebse eksperimenti mund t\u00eb zbatohej me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb kaq thjesht te njer\u00ebzit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fundi i utopis\u00eb s\u00eb miut mund t\u00eb kishte ardhur \u2018jo nga dend\u00ebsia, por nga nd\u00ebrveprimi i tepruar shoq\u00ebror,\u2019 tha historiani mjek\u00ebsor Edmund Ramsden n\u00eb 2008.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb minjt\u00eb e Calhoun ishin \u00e7mendur. Ata q\u00eb arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb kontrollonin hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb relativisht normale.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, dizajni i eksperimentit \u00ebsht\u00eb kritikuar p\u00ebr krijimin jo t\u00eb nj\u00eb problemi t\u00eb mbipopullimit, por nj\u00eb skenar ku minjt\u00eb m\u00eb agresiv\u00eb ishin n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb kontrollonin territorin dhe t\u00eb izolonin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Ashtu si me prodhimin e ushqimit n\u00eb bot\u00ebn reale, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur q\u00eb problemi nuk ishte te burimet e p\u00ebrshtatshme, por si kontrollohen ato burime.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE<\/strong><\/span>: Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e Iflscience<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti p\u00ebr Hashtag.al,<\/span> Klodian Manjani<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gjat\u00eb disa qindra viteve t\u00eb fundit, popullsia njer\u00ebzore e Tok\u00ebs ka par\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje, duke na \u00e7uar nga nj\u00eb miliard n\u00eb 1804 n\u00eb shtat\u00eb miliard\u00eb n\u00eb 2017. Gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe, jan\u00eb ngritur shqet\u00ebsime se numri yn\u00eb mund t\u00eb tejkaloj\u00eb aft\u00ebsin\u00eb ton\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar ushqim , duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb uri t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur. Disa – […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":51,"featured_media":499415,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-499414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ballina","category-fast-foodi"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/499414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=499414"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/499414\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/499415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=499414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=499414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=499414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}