{"id":458650,"date":"2021-06-26T09:43:13","date_gmt":"2021-06-26T07:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hashtag.al\/?p=458650"},"modified":"2021-06-26T09:46:32","modified_gmt":"2021-06-26T07:46:32","slug":"ekspertja-e-bankes-boterore-pse-u-rrit-me-shume-varferia-ne-shqiperi-gjate-pandemise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2021\/06\/26\/ekspertja-e-bankes-boterore-pse-u-rrit-me-shume-varferia-ne-shqiperi-gjate-pandemise\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekspertja e Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore: Pse u rrit m\u00eb shum\u00eb varf\u00ebria n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Rritja ekonomike e ka humbur produktivitetin vitet e fundit, p\u00ebr shkak se ajo po kontribuon m\u00eb pak n\u00eb uljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb. Ekonomistja e Lart\u00eb n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e varf\u00ebris\u00eb, Ana Maria Oviedo, p\u00ebrllogariti se midis vitit 2002 dhe 2008, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, rritja ekonomike prej 1% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb e uli varf\u00ebrin\u00eb me 1.2%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pas vitit 2014, elasticiteti i rritjes s\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb ra. Rritja prej 1% e PBB-s\u00eb rezultoi vet\u00ebm me 0.8% n\u00eb uljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb. Varf\u00ebria monetare dhe privimi material u rrit n\u00eb 7 komuna n\u00eb 2019 dhe varf\u00ebria e p\u00ebrgjithshme iu rikthye rritjes n\u00eb vitin 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekspert\u00ebt e ekonomis\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se shkak jan\u00eb politikat q\u00eb kan\u00eb stimuluar paga t\u00eb ul\u00ebta dhe pun\u00ebsimin pa produktivitet. Nd\u00ebrhyrjet q\u00eb rekomandohen p\u00ebr uljen e fenomenit<\/span><\/p>\n

Rritja ekonomike n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit nuk po ndikon n\u00eb shtimin e mir\u00ebqenies s\u00eb popullat\u00ebs n\u00eb vend. T\u00eb ardhurat shtes\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb gjeneruar t\u00eb gjitha burimet jan\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb pak p\u00ebrfitues, duke e thelluar pabarazin\u00eb e duke ndikuar p\u00ebr m\u00eb keq shtresat e varfra n\u00eb vend, t\u00eb cilat rrezikojn\u00eb t\u00eb rriten n\u00eb num\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Midis vitit 2002 dhe 2008, n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, nj\u00eb rritje ekonomike prej 1% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb u shoq\u00ebrua me ulje t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb me 1.2%, sipas bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore. Pas vitit 2014, elasticiteti i rritjes n\u00eb efektin q\u00eb sjell n\u00eb tkurrjen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb ra. Nj\u00eb rritje prej 1% e PBB-s\u00eb rezultoi vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb prej 0.8%, tha p\u00ebr \u201cMonitor\u201d, Ana Maria Oviedo, Ekonomiste e Lart\u00eb n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngurt\u00ebsia e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb rritjes ekonomike u vu re qart\u00eb gjat\u00eb vitit pandemik ku Shqip\u00ebria kishte r\u00ebnien m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb me (-3.4%), pas Serbis\u00eb, por, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, numri i personave t\u00eb varf\u00ebr u rrit m\u00eb shum\u00eb se n\u00eb \u00e7do vend tjet\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas p\u00ebrllogaritjeve t\u00eb skenarit konservator t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, n\u00eb 6 vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor pandemia gjeneroi 336 mij\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebr, ku nj\u00eb e treta, rreth 112 mij\u00eb, ishin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, n\u00eb tre vende t\u00eb rajonit s\u00eb bashku, Serbi, Bosnj\u00eb dhe Malin i Zi u gjeneruan 42 mij\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebr t\u00eb rinj. Edhe pse Bosnja ka nj\u00eb popullsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe se Shqip\u00ebria dhe kishte r\u00ebnie ekonomike m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe se vendi yn\u00eb, gjeneroi shum\u00eb m\u00eb pak t\u00eb varf\u00ebr t\u00eb rinj se sa Shqip\u00ebria.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonomistja e lart\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebror\u00eb, zonja Oviedo, thot\u00eb se arsyeja kryesore se pse kriza e pandemis\u00eb ka prodhuar me shum\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri lidhet me faktin se, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e popullsis\u00eb shqiptare jeton me t\u00eb ardhura p\u00ebr frym\u00eb, af\u00ebr kufirit t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb prej 5.5 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ndryshime t\u00eb vogla n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura mund t\u00eb gjenerojn\u00eb efekte t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb varf\u00ebri, tha ekspertja, se sa n\u00eb vendet e tjera t\u00eb rajonit.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00eb varf\u00ebr t\u00eb rinj nga kriza pandemike<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrfundime t\u00eb ngjashme kan\u00eb arritur edhe ekspert\u00ebt vendas t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb. Selami Xhepa tha se, procesi i krijimit t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb gjat\u00eb tranzicionit ka sjell\u00eb formimin e grupeve t\u00eb polarizuara shoq\u00ebrore p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket p\u00ebrqendrimit t\u00eb pasuris\u00eb. Indeksi i koeficientit Gini, q\u00eb mat pabarazin\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura, ka nj\u00eb vler\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, n\u00eb rreth 33%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xhepa thot\u00eb se, 10% e popullsis\u00eb merr rreth nj\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt\u00ebn e s\u00eb ardhur\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb krijuar dhe 20% e saj marrin rreth 41% t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa 10% e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb fundin e piramid\u00ebs s\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave marrin vet\u00ebm rreth 3% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave, ose rreth 8 her\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 10% q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb maj\u00eb t\u00eb piramid\u00ebs. Rreth nj\u00eb e pesta e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb shtres\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb piramid\u00ebs s\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave marrin vet\u00ebm 7.5% t\u00eb s\u00eb ardhur\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb krijuar gjat\u00eb vitit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Profesor\u00ebt Selami Xhepa dhe Adrian Civici, n\u00eb nj\u00eb anket\u00eb q\u00eb zhvilluan me rreth 1300 qytetar\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb studimit \u201dSistemi Ekonomik dhe Roli i Shtetit n\u00eb Ekonomi\u201d, i cili u publikua s\u00eb fundmi, gjet\u00ebn se prej 66% e t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve (2 n\u00eb 3 banor\u00eb), mendojn\u00eb se shp\u00ebrndarja e pabarabart\u00eb e t\u00eb ardhurave dhe pasuris\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri po b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb problem. Po ashtu, 39% e tyre mendojn\u00eb se pasuria e krijuar nga t\u00eb pasurit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb me an\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb ndershme. Gjithashtu, opinioni publik (43.50%) beson se, politikat e derisotme u kushtojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendje interesave t\u00eb sektorit privat dhe pak v\u00ebmendje interesave t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs. Sistemi \u00ebsht\u00eb i disbalancuar n\u00eb favor t\u00eb kapitalit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonomistja e Lart\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, zonja Oviedo, tha se fenomeni i varf\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb zbutet n\u00ebse aplikohen nd\u00ebrhyrje n\u00eb elementet q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen. Sipas saj, varf\u00ebria n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur ngusht\u00eb me nivelin e arsimit t\u00eb kryefamiljarit, numrin e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb familjes, pun\u00ebsimin midis t\u00eb rriturve dhe kushtet e strehimit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, politikat q\u00eb ulin boshll\u00ebqet n\u00eb k\u00ebto drejtime ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb ndikim pozitiv n\u00eb uljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa zoti Xhepa, i cili ka b\u00ebr\u00eb s\u00eb fundmi hulumtime mbi sjelljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, tha se, fillimisht \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet niveli real i varf\u00ebris\u00eb dhe minimumit jetik n\u00eb vend, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet drejt kontributi n\u00eb reduktimin e varf\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ruhet transparenca mbi shpenzimin e fondeve publike p\u00ebr reduktimin e saj.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Varf\u00ebria po rritej, Covid-19 e p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsoi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Shifrat m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit zyrtare t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb datojn\u00eb n\u00eb 2012, kur numri i varf\u00ebris\u00eb ishte 39.1% (matur si 5.5 dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr person n\u00eb dit\u00eb, sipas Paritetit t\u00eb Fuqis\u00eb Bler\u00ebse m\u00eb 2011). Matje t\u00eb sakta nuk jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb nga ajo koh\u00eb, por Banka Bot\u00ebrore ka zhvilluar disa parashikime mbi ecurin\u00eb e varf\u00ebris\u00eb, bazuar n\u00eb ecurin\u00eb e PBB-s\u00eb, rritjen e konsumit dhe burime t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb cilat sugjerojn\u00eb se ka pasur nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb rreth 37% n\u00eb vitin 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngjarjet e fundit, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00ebrmetin me shkall\u00eb 6.3 Rihter q\u00eb goditi vendin n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2019, duke shkaktuar 51 t\u00eb vdekur dhe pandemia e koronavirusit kan\u00eb ndikuar negativisht n\u00eb uljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb. Varf\u00ebria monetare dhe privimi material u rrit n\u00eb 7 komunat m\u00eb t\u00eb prekura n\u00eb 2019 dhe varf\u00ebria e p\u00ebrgjithshme prishi tendenc\u00ebn r\u00ebn\u00ebse n\u00eb vitin 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rritja e varf\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb shkaktohet nga tkurrja e sektor\u00ebve t\u00eb turizmit dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb lidhura me t\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat vitet e fundit ishin gjeneruesi kryesor i pun\u00ebsimit n\u00eb vend. Pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb forc\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs t\u00eb grave n\u00ebn 25 vje\u00e7 vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb e ul\u00ebt, n\u00eb 31%. Pagat reale p\u00ebr grat\u00eb jan\u00eb rritur relativisht m\u00eb shpejt sesa p\u00ebr burrat n\u00eb transport dhe sh\u00ebrbime administrative, duke zvog\u00ebluar hendekun gjinor n\u00eb pag\u00eb n\u00eb ata sektor\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse hendeku i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm ka mbetur konstant n\u00eb rreth 11% q\u00eb nga viti 2014.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pagat, si mjeti kryesor p\u00ebr daljen nga varf\u00ebria<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Selami Xhepa thot\u00eb se duhet hetuar m\u00eb tej n\u00eb shkaqet e varf\u00ebris\u00eb, pasi p\u00ebrve\u00e7 problemeve q\u00eb lidhen me rritjen p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht t\u00eb dob\u00ebt ekonomike dhe n\u00eb r\u00ebnie nga nj\u00ebra dekad\u00eb n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb ngusht\u00ebsisht e lidhur me nivelin e pagave.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb studim t\u00eb FMN-s\u00eb, i vitit 2016, n\u00eb vendet e Ballkanit v\u00eb n\u00eb dukje, se niveli i t\u00eb ardhurave ka efekt dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs si n\u00eb varf\u00ebri, dhe n\u00eb pabarazi. Varf\u00ebria dhe mungesa e t\u00eb ardhurave nuk vijn\u00eb vet\u00ebm si pasoj\u00eb e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb, por dhe p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burimi m\u00eb i madh i t\u00eb ardhurave familjare jan\u00eb pagat dhe pensionet, ndaj n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet rritjes s\u00eb tyre, mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ulur varf\u00ebrin\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se me mjetet e tjera. Zonja Ovideo nga Banka Bot\u00ebrore tha se, n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn para kriz\u00ebs, 2008 t\u00eb varfrit p\u00ebrfituan nga rritja e fort\u00eb e pagave, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pun\u00eb me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb ul\u00ebta, por q\u00eb nga viti 2014, varf\u00ebria u ul kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak se m\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb varf\u00ebr ishin t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar, por jo se t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit po merrnin fitime m\u00eb t\u00eb larta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nga viti 2000 deri n\u00eb vitin 2009, paga mesatare n\u00eb sektorin shtet\u00ebror u rrit mesatarisht me 10% n\u00eb vit. Pas kriz\u00ebs ekonomike t\u00eb vitit 2008 rritja PBB-s\u00eb u frenua, borxhi publik u rrit dhe qeverit\u00eb ul\u00ebn stimulin fiskal, duke hequr dor\u00eb nga rritja e pagave. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat zyrtare nga INSTAT tregojn\u00eb se, rritja reale e pag\u00ebs mesatare ishte vet\u00ebm 2.2% n\u00eb vit. Pak a shum\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn ecuri pat\u00ebn edhe pagat n\u00eb sektorin privat, t\u00eb cilat ndoq\u00ebn t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn kurb\u00eb me sektorin shtet\u00ebror, por me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl. Paga mesatare n\u00eb sektorin privat sh\u00ebnoi 48,459 lek\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2020, duke mbetur pothuajse n\u00eb vendnum\u00ebro n\u00eb 6 vitet e fundit. Nga viti 2014 deri m\u00eb 2020, paga u rrit me 14% ose mesatarisht me 2.2%, rritje kjo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb konsumuar nga inflacioni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por q\u00eb ekonomia t\u00eb gjeneroj\u00eb paga m\u00eb t\u00eb larta, duhet t\u00eb rris\u00eb produktivitetin dhe vlera e shtuar duhet t\u00eb synoj\u00eb sektor\u00eb q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb pun\u00eb me paga t\u00eb larta. Zhvillimet nuk po shkojn\u00eb drejt k\u00ebtij ndryshimi, pasi struktura e ekonomis\u00eb dhe pesha e sektor\u00ebve mbetet gati e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb dy dekadat e fundit. P\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar modelin ekonomik nga nd\u00ebrtimi dhe konsumi drejt sh\u00ebrbimeve me vler\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar. Por, gjithsesi, n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit, rritja ekonomike ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb e fort\u00eb se sa rritja e pagave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs 2010-2018, produktiviteti n\u00eb ekonomi u rrit me 7%, nd\u00ebrsa paga reale mesatare u rrit me vet\u00ebm 3%. Pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektor\u00ebt i kan\u00eb rritur fitimet, por kan\u00eb hezituar t\u2019i ndajn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb me punonj\u00ebsit. Shqip\u00ebria ishte nd\u00ebr t\u00eb paktat vende n\u00eb Europ\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Azin\u00eb Qendrore q\u00eb, n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit, e rriti produktivitetin m\u00eb shum\u00eb se pagat, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb zhvillim, ndodhi e kund\u00ebrta.<\/span>
\nEkspertja e \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore, zonja Oviedo, tha se ulja e q\u00ebndrueshme e varf\u00ebris\u00eb arrihet duke investuar n\u00eb aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e t\u00eb rinjve (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet arsimit) dhe t\u00eb rriturve (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet programeve t\u00eb tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb tjera mjete jan\u00eb rritja e ndihm\u00ebs sociale p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb rriturit e moshuar n\u00eb varf\u00ebri, leht\u00ebsimi i gjenerimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, sidomos n\u00eb qytetet e vogla dhe zonat rurale dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i strehimit dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve sociale, q\u00eb do t\u00eb krijonin p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb varfrit dhe do t\u00eb siguronin ulje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, duke rritur t\u00eb ardhurat nga puna t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

38% e punonj\u00ebsve paga n\u00eb kufirin e varf\u00ebris\u00eb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2020, gati 38% e punonj\u00ebsve ishin paguar me pag\u00eb minimale, posht\u00eb kufirit t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb relative me 5.5 USD n\u00eb dit\u00eb. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb INSTAT, q\u00eb u referohen list\u00eb-pagesave n\u00eb tatime, n\u00eb tremujorin e fundit t\u00eb vitit 2020, nga totali i t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve q\u00eb paguanin sigurime, 25.6% e tyre kishin paga mujore deri n\u00eb pag\u00ebn minimale, 26 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa 12% e totalit t\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve merrnin pag\u00eb minimale n\u00eb nivelin 30 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve, rreth 52% e totalit, paguhen me paga mbi 30 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat mbi pagat tregojn\u00eb modelin n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin po zhvillohet ekonomia shqiptare, ku gati 38% e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve marrin nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb pag\u00ebs, m\u00eb pak se 30 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj. P\u00ebrqendrimi i punonj\u00ebsve n\u00eb pagat af\u00ebr kufirit t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb relative i ekspozon ata ndaj varf\u00ebris\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb anket\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr gjendjen financiare t\u00eb familjeve n\u00eb rreth 1200 familje ka gjetur se n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb vitit 2020, rreth 22% e familjeve t\u00eb anketuara kishin shpenzuar deri n\u00eb 20 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj, p\u00ebr shkak se, edhe t\u00eb ardhurat i kishin n\u00eb k\u00ebto nivele.<\/span><\/p>\n

Familjet e anketuara p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb edhe pensionist\u00eb dhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar. N\u00eb disa nj\u00ebsi t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe t\u00eb tregtis\u00eb, paga mujore \u00ebsht\u00eb posht\u00eb nivelit 30 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb. Fenomeni \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb rrethe. Si rrjedhoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre zhvillimeve, Shqip\u00ebria ka nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt n\u00eb rajon, si n\u00eb sektorin shtet\u00ebror dhe n\u00eb at\u00eb privat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paga mesatare n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, n\u00eb vitin 2019, ishte 420 euro, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 30% m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt se gjith\u00eb vendet e tjera t\u00eb rajonit. Pas Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, renditet Kosova (602 euro), Maqedonia (617 euro), Serbia dhe Bosnja e kan\u00eb pag\u00ebn mesatare rreth 700 euro.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb shum\u00eb paguhen punonj\u00ebsit n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, mesatarisht me 770 euro. Ky nivel pagash \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb linj\u00eb dhe me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Eurostat p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhurat p\u00ebr frym\u00eb, ku Shqip\u00ebria i ka nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebtat n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, me 31% t\u00eb mesatares europiane. Ndon\u00ebse ndikim n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nivel t\u00eb ul\u00ebt mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb dhe informaliteti i lart\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs n\u00eb vend, pagat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta dhe n\u00eb shtet, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb arsimin dhe mjek\u00ebsin\u00eb, apo dhe n\u00eb aktivitete ku nuk ka informalitet, si n\u00eb sektorin financiar apo telekomunikacionet.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tranzicioni demografik nxit varf\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn e tret\u00eb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mosha e tret\u00eb, q\u00eb shum\u00eb shpejt do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebj\u00eb 30% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, jeton n\u00eb varf\u00ebri dhe me munges\u00eb perspektive p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e kushteve financiare n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Sipas p\u00ebrcaktimeve t\u00eb INSTAT, q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb metodologji nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, nj\u00eb pensionist konsiderohet i varf\u00ebr, n\u00ebse pagesa mujore \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak se gjysma e pag\u00ebs mesatare n\u00eb shkall\u00eb vendi. Paga mesatare n\u00eb vitin 2020 ishte 54,951 lek\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa pensioni mesatar n\u00eb qytet ishte 15,732 lek\u00eb. Pensioni mesatar \u00ebsht\u00eb aktualisht 57% e gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb pag\u00ebs mesatare, duke e klasifikuar pjes\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese t\u00eb pensionist\u00ebve n\u00eb norm\u00ebn e varf\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

E ardhmja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb optimiste, p\u00ebr shkak se numri i t\u00eb moshuarve do t\u00eb rritet me shpejt\u00ebsi, kurse t\u00eb ardhurat do t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb presion dhe me gjas\u00eb, n\u00eb r\u00ebnie. N\u00eb janar t\u00eb vitit 2021, INSTAT raportoi se numri i personave mbi 60 vje\u00e7 arriti n\u00eb 619 mij\u00eb. Brenda nj\u00eb viti, numri i tyre u rrit me 14,600 persona. N\u00eb krahasim me vitin 2016, numri i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me 95 mij\u00eb, ose 18%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deri m\u00eb 2051, grupmosha mbi 60 vje\u00e7 do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebj\u00eb rreth 35% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, pensioni mesatar urban sh\u00ebnoi r\u00ebnie n\u00eb vitin 2020, duke regjistruar uljen e par\u00eb q\u00eb nga viti 2000, duke arritur vler\u00ebn e 15,732 lek\u00eb vitin e kaluar, nga 16,2543 lek\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2019, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zyrtare nga Instituti i Sigurimeve Shoq\u00ebrore.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/span> Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00eb intelektuale e Monitor.al<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rritja ekonomike e ka humbur produktivitetin vitet e fundit, p\u00ebr shkak se ajo po kontribuon m\u00eb pak n\u00eb uljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb. Ekonomistja e Lart\u00eb n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e varf\u00ebris\u00eb, Ana Maria Oviedo, p\u00ebrllogariti se midis vitit 2002 dhe 2008, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, rritja ekonomike prej 1% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb e uli varf\u00ebrin\u00eb me 1.2%. Pas […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":30,"featured_media":458656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-458650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=458650"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/458650\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/458656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=458650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=458650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=458650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}