{"id":434582,"date":"2021-03-06T18:28:14","date_gmt":"2021-03-06T17:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hashtag.al\/?p=434582"},"modified":"2021-03-06T18:28:14","modified_gmt":"2021-03-06T17:28:14","slug":"franca-ndryshon-qasjen-ne-afrike-perpjekje-per-te-kundershtuar-ndikimin-e-kines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2021\/03\/06\/franca-ndryshon-qasjen-ne-afrike-perpjekje-per-te-kundershtuar-ndikimin-e-kines\/","title":{"rendered":"Franca ndryshon qasjen n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar ndikimin e Kin\u00ebs","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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Franca po k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb reformoj\u00eb politik\u00ebn e saj p\u00ebr ndihm\u00ebn ndaj Afrik\u00ebs – duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00eb bujare dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnjestruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb efikase – si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar rritjen e ndikimit gjeopolitik t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonomit\u00eb dhe popullsia n\u00eb lul\u00ebzim e Afrik\u00ebs kan\u00eb krijuar mund\u00ebsi fitimprur\u00ebse p\u00ebr lojtar\u00ebt nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb kontinentin nj\u00eb vat\u00ebr t\u00eb konkurrenc\u00ebs gjeopolitike gjat\u00eb dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit. Fondi Monetar Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar zbuloi n\u00eb 2019 q\u00eb Afrika ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb rajoni n\u00eb bot\u00eb me rritjen m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, me Forumin Ekonomik Bot\u00ebror q\u00eb parashikon q\u00eb popullsia e saj do t\u00eb dyfishohej n\u00eb rreth 2.2 miliard\u00eb deri n\u00eb 2050.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb partneri m\u00eb i madh tregtar dypal\u00ebsh i Afrik\u00ebs, pasi ka tejkaluar SHBA n\u00eb 2009. Para se kriza e koronavirusit t\u00eb godiste ekonomin\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, vlera e tregtis\u00eb kino-afrikane arriti n\u00eb 161 miliard\u00eb euro (192 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb) n\u00eb 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Tani mund t\u00eb thuash se \u00e7do projekt i madh n\u00eb qytetet afrikane q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se tre kate ose rrug\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb se tre kilometra ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohen dhe projektohen nga kinez\u00ebt”, i tha Forbes n\u00eb 2018, Dave Roggeveen, themeluesi i botimit t\u00eb specializuar MORE Architecture.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si dhe n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb, Kina ka investuar masivisht n\u00eb media n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb – me Agjencin\u00eb Shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Lajmeve Xinhua duke zhvilluar rrjetin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb korrespondent\u00ebve t\u00eb kontinentit. Nairobi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb mediave afrikane t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs, me Xinhua duke l\u00ebvizur nj\u00eb nga selit\u00eb e saj nga Parisi n\u00eb kryeqytetin Kenian n\u00eb 2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

Franca tani po k\u00ebrkon gjithashtu t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb reja n\u00eb kontinentin Afrikan duke ndryshuar strategjin\u00eb e saj drejt vendeve n\u00eb zhvillim. Parisi ka arritur t\u00eb rris\u00eb buxhetin e tij t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs globale edhe n\u00eb mes t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs s\u00eb koronavirusit, me shpenzimet e zhvillimit nga 10.9 miliard\u00eb euro n\u00eb 2019 n\u00eb 12.8 miliard\u00eb euro n\u00eb 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb 2 mars, deputet\u00ebt francez\u00eb miratuan nj\u00eb projekt-ligj q\u00eb rrit buxhetin e ndihm\u00ebs s\u00eb Franc\u00ebs n\u00eb 0.55 p\u00ebrqind t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb deri n\u00eb vitin 2022. Qeveria e Presidentit Macron po rrit gjithashtu p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb parat\u00eb e ndihm\u00ebs jan\u00eb efektive. Projektligji p\u00ebrmban pes\u00eb objektiva kryesor\u00eb (p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar kund\u00ebr varf\u00ebris\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar ndryshimin e klim\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb forcuar sh\u00ebndetin publik, p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjeruar sh\u00ebrbimet e arsimit dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur barazin\u00eb gjinore) t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn Sub-Sahariane dhe gjithashtu Haitin.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Solidariteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar nuk ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb m\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm sesa tani,” tha Louis-Nicolas Jandeaux, nj\u00eb z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs i Oxfam France. \u201cPandemia Covid-19 na tregon se sa shum\u00eb sfida t\u00eb m\u00ebdha – si luftimi i varf\u00ebris\u00eb dhe mbrojtja e sh\u00ebndetit publik – jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura. Duke qen\u00eb se Franca \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse n\u00eb k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje shum\u00ebpal\u00ebshe dhe duke pasur parasysh q\u00eb Presidenti Francez Emmanuel Macron ka folur aq shum\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e bashk\u00ebpunimit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, Franca me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje si shpenzimet e ndihm\u00ebs. “<\/span><\/p>\n

Projekt-ligji k\u00ebrkon gjithashtu t’i jap\u00eb Franc\u00ebs m\u00eb shum\u00eb ndihm\u00eb duke bashkuar dy agjencit\u00eb e saj t\u00eb zhvillimit. Agjencia Franceze e Zhvillimit – e cila jep hua dhe grante – do t\u00eb bashkohet me France Expertise – e cila p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb nivelin e vog\u00ebl t\u00eb logjistik\u00ebs s\u00eb projektit t\u00eb zhvillimit. Ky bashkim do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt francez\u00eb t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs “t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen m\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe m\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb nevojat e vendeve n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat po punojm\u00eb”, tha J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Pellet, drejtori i France Expertise.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shmangia e kurthit t\u00eb borxhit<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Franca ka pasur nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhe t\u00eb komplikuar me Afrik\u00ebn. Ajo fitoi kontrollin e pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb kontinentit – kryesisht duke kapur pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs per\u00ebndimore – n\u00eb pushtimin konkurrues t\u00eb kontinentit t\u00eb nisur nga fuqit\u00eb evropiane nga shekulli i 17-t\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pas nj\u00eb val\u00eb l\u00ebvizjesh t\u00eb suksesshme t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1950 dhe 1960, Franca mbajti marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb ngushta me shum\u00eb ish-koloni frankofone n\u00eb nj\u00eb politik\u00eb q\u00eb filloi t\u00eb njihej si Fran\u00e7afrique. Mbrojt\u00ebsit e k\u00ebsaj qasje e pan\u00eb Franc\u00ebn si nj\u00eb garantuese t\u00eb stabilitetit n\u00eb kontinent, por kritik\u00ebt e pan\u00eb Franc\u00ebn si t\u00eb neveritshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb hequr dor\u00eb nga ndikimi i saj i epok\u00ebs koloniale dhe duke vazhduar t\u00eb luante nj\u00eb rol klientelist.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fokusi i shtetit francez n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb u zbeh n\u00eb vitet 1990 nd\u00ebrsa e ktheu v\u00ebmendjen e tij drejt integrimit evropian. Por Franca edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb ka vendosur synimet e saj n\u00eb kontinent p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar rritjen e ndikimit t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dhe k\u00ebsaj here Franca k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb q\u00eb veprimtarit\u00eb e saj n\u00eb kontinent nuk sjellin asnj\u00eb rikthim t\u00eb neo-kolonializmit, me nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb re ndihme q\u00eb favorizon grante mbi huat\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Analist\u00ebt jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuar n\u00eb lidhje me krijimin e kurtheve t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs me borxhet e saj t\u00eb majme p\u00ebr vendet afrikane, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat \u00ebsht\u00eb huadh\u00ebn\u00ebsi m\u00eb i madh dypal\u00ebsh. Kredit\u00eb kineze p\u00ebr vendet e pazhvilluara jan\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se sa tregohet nga shifrat zyrtare: rreth gjysma e tyre nuk raportohen n\u00eb Fondin Monetar Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ose Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore, shkruan nj\u00eb raport p\u00ebr think-tank gjerman Instituti Kiel p\u00ebr Ekonomin\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore gjetur n\u00eb 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deri tani, Franca nuk ka pasur nj\u00eb rekord t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm n\u00eb kredi: n\u00eb 2018, gjysma e ndihm\u00ebs s\u00eb saj p\u00ebr zhvillim ishte n\u00eb kredi n\u00eb vend t\u00eb granteve, sipas Oxfam. Sidoqoft\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa “vendet per\u00ebndimore gjithashtu p\u00ebrdorin borxhin p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar ndikim n\u00eb vendet afrikane, ndryshe nga Kina, ata jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb etur p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur vendosjen e kurtheve t\u00eb borxheve”, tha Chelpi-den Hamer i IRIS.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ligji p\u00ebrfshin nj\u00eb plan p\u00ebr t\u00eb riatdhesuar pasurit\u00eb e \u201ckeqfituara\u201d q\u00eb sistemi francez i drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb ka konfiskuar nga udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e huaj. Franca ka b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur politikan\u00ebt e korruptuar q\u00eb kan\u00eb vendosur miliona n\u00eb tok\u00ebn franceze. N\u00eb vitin 2020 nj\u00eb gjykat\u00eb e Parisit d\u00ebnoi Teodorin Obiang, n\u00ebnkryetar i Guines\u00eb Ekuatoriale, me tre vjet burg dhe 30 milion euro gjob\u00eb p\u00ebr pastrim parash p\u00ebrmes pronave franceze.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ridrejtimi i parave t\u00eb paligjshme tek njer\u00ebzit \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie diplomatike p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur imazhin e Franc\u00ebs n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ky aspekt duket aq i sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb moralisht sa \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse e pamundur t\u00eb jesh kund\u00ebr tij<\/em>,” tha Magali Chelpi-den Hamer, shefi i programit humanitar dhe t\u00eb zhvillimit n\u00eb think-tank me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Paris IRIS (Instituti Francez p\u00ebr \u00c7\u00ebshtjet Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe Strategjike) . “Sidoqoft\u00eb, v\u00ebllimi i parave n\u00eb fjal\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb relativisht i ul\u00ebt.<\/em>“<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ne po luftojm\u00eb Kin\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb betej\u00eb p\u00ebr ndikim – dhe nj\u00eb betej\u00eb mbi at\u00eb sistem t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shohin si modelin e tyre”, tha Ministri i Jasht\u00ebm Francez Jean-Yves Le Drian muajin e kaluar p\u00ebr radion France Inter.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfshirja n\u00eb rritje e Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon n\u00eb “p\u00ebrfundim negativ p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb afatmesme dhe afatgjat\u00eb”, paralajm\u00ebroi Macron n\u00eb nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb shtypi n\u00eb Xhibuti n\u00eb turneun e tij afrikan 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Nuk do t\u00eb doja q\u00eb nj\u00eb brez i ri investimesh nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shkelnin sovranitetin e partner\u00ebve tan\u00eb historik\u00eb ose t\u00eb dob\u00ebsonin ekonomit\u00eb e tyre<\/em>“, shtoi ai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Projekt-ligji i reform\u00ebs s\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs s\u00eb Franc\u00ebs tani shkon n\u00eb Senat dhe pritet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet ligj k\u00ebt\u00eb ver\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/strong><\/span> Ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e France 24<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Franca po k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb reformoj\u00eb politik\u00ebn e saj p\u00ebr ndihm\u00ebn ndaj Afrik\u00ebs – duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00eb bujare dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnjestruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb efikase – si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar rritjen e ndikimit gjeopolitik t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs. Ekonomit\u00eb dhe popullsia n\u00eb lul\u00ebzim e Afrik\u00ebs kan\u00eb krijuar mund\u00ebsi fitimprur\u00ebse p\u00ebr lojtar\u00ebt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":32,"featured_media":434584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-434582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nderkombetare","category-te-fundit"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/434582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=434582"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/434582\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/434584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=434582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=434582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=434582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}