{"id":432674,"date":"2021-02-26T12:46:03","date_gmt":"2021-02-26T11:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hashtag.al\/?p=432674"},"modified":"2021-02-26T13:26:28","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T12:26:28","slug":"po-nese-ne-fleten-e-votimit-vendosim-opsionin-asnje-nga-partite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2021\/02\/26\/po-nese-ne-fleten-e-votimit-vendosim-opsionin-asnje-nga-partite\/","title":{"rendered":"Po n\u00ebse n\u00eb flet\u00ebn e votimit vendosim opsionin \u2018asnj\u00eb nga partit\u00eb\u2019","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Nga Irena Beqiraj<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Afrimi i zgjedhjeve parlamentare t\u00eb 25 Prillit, si\u00e7 edhe pritej, po shoq\u00ebrohet me nj\u00eb ambivalend\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, e cila ka prekur shumic\u00ebn e votuesve jo partiak\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht nga profesioni apo niveli i edukimit.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb ndjesi votuesi shqiptar ka koh\u00eb q\u00eb e provon, dhe kjo shprehet m\u00eb s\u00eb miri n\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjet e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve n\u00eb zgjedhje.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Politikan\u00ebt tan\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb suksessh\u00ebm\u201d nuk ngurojn\u00eb t\u00eb proklamojn\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb politik\u00eb, i ka mbajtur dhe i mban vet\u00ebm vota. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb r\u00ebnia drastike e pjes\u00ebmarrjes n\u00eb zgjedhje, e cila me gjasa do t\u00eb thellohet n\u00eb zgjedhjet e 25 Prillit, tregon q\u00eb votuesi i zakonsh\u00ebm, jo partiak dhe jo tifoz, i ka abandonuar me koh\u00eb partit\u00eb politike edhe lider\u00ebt e tyre afatgjat\u00eb. Ky abandonim u b\u00eb masiv n\u00eb zgjedhjet e fundit partlamentare, ku nuk votuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysma e votuesve, ose rreth 53.2% e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Q\u00eb prej 2001-shit pyetja q\u00eb shtrohet \u00ebsht\u00eb: shumica e shqiptar\u00ebve nuk votojn\u00eb sepse jan\u00eb t\u00eb pa-interesuar, t\u00eb pa-informuar, apo thjesht t\u00eb lodhur nga k\u00ebrkimi i padobish\u00ebm i s\u00eb keqes m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl n\u00eb alternativat q\u00eb paraqiten n\u00eb flet\u00ebn e votimit?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb demokraci p\u00ebr nj\u00eb votues jopartiak, marrja e nj\u00eb vendimi t\u00eb arsyetuar mbi alternativ\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, k\u00ebrkon koh\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrkushtim. Ai duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsoj\u00eb njohurit\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar politikat publike edhe ekonomike t\u00eb paraqitura nga pal\u00ebt. Th\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb votues jo-partiak, ku fitorja e nj\u00eb partie t\u00eb caktuar nuk lidhet me interesa t\u00eb caktuara personale, pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb zgjedhje shoq\u00ebrohet me kosto t\u00eb larta oportune, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb ndikimi i vot\u00ebs s\u00eb tij n\u00eb rezultatin final \u00ebsht\u00eb i pap\u00ebrfillsh\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekonomisti Anthony Downs n\u00eb punimin e tij Teoria Ekonomike e Demokracis\u00eb, e quan k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen \u201cinjoranca racionale e votuesit\u201d edhe e p\u00ebrshkruan k\u00ebshtu: \u201cP\u00ebr shum\u00eb qytetar\u00eb n\u00eb demokraci, nj\u00eb sjellje racionale do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtonte \u00e7do investim t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm n\u00eb informacionin politik. Pavar\u00ebsisht se sa i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshimi midis partive, kur qytetari e kupton se vota e tij nuk ka pothuajse asnj\u00eb shans p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndikuar n\u00eb rezultatin e zgjedhjeve, apo votimi nuk ndryshon asgj\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tij, sjellja e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u informuar, apo p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbetur injorant \u00ebsht\u00eb racionale\u201d<\/em>. N\u00eb romanine\u00a0 tij klasik \u201cWalden Two\u201d psikologu BF Skinner e thot\u00eb edhe m\u00eb shkoqur: \u201cMund\u00ebsia q\u00eb vota e nj\u00eb njeriu t\u00eb jet\u00eb vendimtare n\u00eb zgjedhje apo n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt se mund\u00ebsia se ai do t\u00eb vritet rrug\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00eb votime\u201d.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr n\u00eb demokracit\u00eb ku pal\u00ebt akuzojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme nj\u00ebri-tjetrin p\u00ebr vjedhje votash, kur fushatat elektorale jan\u00eb negativiste, kur polarizimi politik \u00ebsht\u00eb ekstrem ku shp\u00ebrqendrimi dhe largimi i publikut nga faktet e v\u00ebrteta dhe t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb i q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm, kostoja opportune e p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsimit t\u00eb informacionit rritet dhe besimi tek vota bie. P.sh, studimet tregojn\u00eb se sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb te flitet p\u00ebr korrupsionin, aq m\u00eb shujm\u00eb votuesit refuzojn\u00eb kutit\u00eb e votimit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Interesant \u00ebsht\u00eb studimi i Daniel Stockemer, Bernadette LaMontagne, Lyle Scruggs, \u201cImpakti i korrupsionit n\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjen n\u00eb zgjedhje\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shpesh guxoj t\u00eb mendoj se kjo strategji e ndjekur nga dinozaur\u00ebt politik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e q\u00ebllimt\u00eb. Me sistemin e sot\u00ebm elektoral, partive kryesore u intereson pjes\u00ebmarrja e ul\u00ebt n\u00eb zgjedhje. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, p\u00ebrcaktuesit e fituesit jan\u00eb pakica e partiak\u00ebve dhe tifoz\u00ebt e tyre. Lider\u00ebt e kan\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsojn\u00eb vegjetimin e tyre n\u00eb politik\u00eb, pa u lodhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar ide, pa pasur nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb programe realiste, pasi retorika dhe demagogjia do t\u00eb mjaftonte p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur tifoz\u00ebt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Partiak\u00ebt e thekur apo tifoz\u00ebt e tyre, leht\u00ebsisht mund t\u00eb argumentojn\u00eb q\u00eb partit\u00eb politike nuk kan\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb drejt kutive t\u00eb votimit njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb racionalisht kan\u00eb vendosur t\u00eb jen\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb painformuar politikisht\u201d.<\/em> N\u00eb fakt ky argument rri mbi nj\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb nuk kemi nj\u00eb matje reale t\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjes s\u00eb votuesve t\u00eb informuar q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb votojn\u00eb, por refuzojn\u00eb ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb, pasi e kan\u00eb kuptuar q\u00eb koncepti \u201ce keqja m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl\u201d nuk ekziston.<\/span><\/p>\n

Refuzimi i votuesve pa zgjedhje, ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi politike, krahasuar me refuzimin e pjes\u00ebmarrjes n\u00eb votime t\u00eb t\u00eb pa-interesuarve apo t\u00eb pa-informuarve.<\/span><\/p>\n

53.2% e votuesve shqiptar\u00ebve nuk votuan n\u00eb vitin 2017. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb ishin t\u00eb painteresuar, t\u00eb painformuar, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ekonomist\u00ebt e quajn\u00eb “injoranca racionale” apo ka shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb informuar q\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb votuar por q\u00eb e kan\u00eb kuptuar, se koncepti “e keqja m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl nuk ekziston” e p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye kan\u00eb braktisur kutit\u00eb e votimit?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse ka pak mekanizma n\u00eb demokraci p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar drejt kutive individ\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb zgjedhur racionalisht t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pa interesuar edhe t\u00eb painformuar politikisht, duke zgjedhur k\u00ebshtu t\u00eb braktisin zgjedhjet, demokracia ka mekanizma p\u00ebr t\u2019iu dh\u00ebn\u00eb mund\u00ebsi shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb informuar, q\u00eb duan t\u00eb votojn\u00eb por q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb dakord me cil\u00ebsin\u00eb aktuale t\u00eb ofert\u00ebs politike. <\/span><\/p>\n

Matja e k\u00ebtij segmenti, t\u00eb elektoratit gri ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi politike, pasi do t\u00eb tregonte hendekun n\u00eb tregun politik duke na dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb ide m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb mosp\u00ebrputhjes s\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs dhe ofert\u00ebs politike, duke shtyr\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebsaj t\u00eb fundit drejt pritshm\u00ebrive t\u00eb shumic\u00ebs. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye ka ardhur koha t\u00eb konsiderojm\u00eb n\u00eb flet\u00ebn e votimit opsionin: “Asnj\u00eb nga partit\u00eb\u201d (disa vende n\u00eb bot\u00eb e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb opsion t\u00eb quajtur ndryshe NOTA).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte ka ardhur koha t\u00eb konsiderojm\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirjen n\u00eb flet\u00ebn e votimit t\u00eb alternativ\u00ebs \u201cAsnj\u00eb nga partit\u00eb\u201d (disa vende n\u00eb bot\u00eb e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb opsion t\u00eb quajtur ndryshe NOTA). Me an\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij instrumenti, do t\u00eb kishim nj\u00eb matje t\u00eb vlefshme t\u00eb hendekut n\u00eb tregun politik dhe nj\u00eb ide m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb mosp\u00ebrputhjes s\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs dhe ofert\u00ebs politike. Matja e k\u00ebtij refuzimi mund t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb shtys\u00eb p\u00ebr reformimin aq t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm t\u00eb partive duke i shtyr\u00eb ato t\u00eb rinovojn\u00eb m\u00eb shpesh trupat drejtuese, t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb vler\u00eb, m\u00eb shum\u00eb ide dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsim cil\u00ebsor. Kjo matje patjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb largonte nga sjellja euforike n\u00eb ushtrimin e pushtetit, fituesin e dal\u00eb nga votimi i pakicave. Matja e k\u00ebtij refuzimi n\u00eb procesin e votimit, do t\u00eb tregonte qart\u00ebsisht n\u00ebse fituesi, \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet vullneti i shumic\u00ebs si\u00e7 k\u00ebrkohet n\u00eb demokraci, apo demokracin\u00eb e kemi katandisur n\u00eb nj\u00eb besim patetik tek men\u00e7uria kolektive e pakic\u00ebs s\u00eb tifoz\u00ebve dhe partiak\u00ebve.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE: Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00eb intelektuale e Gazeta SI<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Irena Beqiraj Afrimi i zgjedhjeve parlamentare t\u00eb 25 Prillit, si\u00e7 edhe pritej, po shoq\u00ebrohet me nj\u00eb ambivalend\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, e cila ka prekur shumic\u00ebn e votuesve jo partiak\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht nga profesioni apo niveli i edukimit. K\u00ebt\u00eb ndjesi votuesi shqiptar ka koh\u00eb q\u00eb e provon, dhe kjo shprehet m\u00eb s\u00eb miri n\u00eb p\u00ebrqindjet e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":30,"featured_media":432680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-432674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/432674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=432674"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/432674\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/432680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=432674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=432674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=432674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}