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Rreth 23 p\u00ebr qind e popullsis\u00eb shqiptare \u00ebsht\u00eb e rriskuar t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb n\u00eb varf\u00ebri sipas nj\u00eb anket\u00eb n\u00eb familjet shqiptare p\u00ebr realizoi INSTAT dhe u publikuar sot p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n Sipas INSTAT treguesi i rrezikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri n\u00eb vitin 2018 \u00ebsht\u00eb 23,4 %. N\u00eb vitin 2017, ky tregues ishte 23,7 %, duke p\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie me 0,3 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje.<\/span><\/p>\n Krahasuar me shtetet e tjera t\u00eb BE n\u00eb lidhje me treguesin e rrezikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr, p\u00ebr vitin 2018, Shqip\u00ebria e vler\u00ebsuar me 23,4 % renditet para Serbis\u00eb (24,3 %) dhe Rumanis\u00eb (23,5 %).<\/span><\/p>\n Treguesit e varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Anket\u00ebn e t\u00eb Ardhurave dhe Nivelit t\u00eb Jetes\u00ebs, bazohen n\u00eb konceptin relativ t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb, i cili merr n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat familjare t\u00eb disponueshme, numrin e pjes\u00ebtareve n\u00eb familje (madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e familjes) dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e t\u00eb ardhurave nd\u00ebrmjet grupeve t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri kufiri i rrezikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr p\u00ebr nj\u00eb person n\u00eb vitin 2018 \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar 160.742 Lek\u00eb krahasuar me 145.017 lek\u00eb q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb vitin 2017.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin 2018, jan\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar rreth 671.000 individ\u00eb q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00ebn kufirin e rrezikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebr, kundrejt rreth 681.000 t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb vitin 2017. Kjo tregon se niveli i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i t\u00eb ardhurave familjare t\u00eb disponueshme \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur dhe p\u00ebrqindja e individ\u00ebve n\u00eb rrezik p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur me rreth 1,5 %.<\/span><\/p>\n Shkalla e thelluar e privimit material tregon p\u00ebrqindjen e individ\u00ebve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb familje t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 4 nga 9 kategorit\u00eb e privimit material. Ky tregues \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar 38,3 % n\u00eb vitin 2018 kundrejt 41,1 % vler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb vitin 2017, duke sh\u00ebnuar nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie prej 2,8 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje.<\/span><\/p>\n Intensiteti n\u00eb pun\u00ebsim i familjes i referohet numrit t\u00eb muajve q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb individ\u00ebt e familjes kan\u00eb punuar kundrejt numrit gjithsej t\u00eb muajve q\u00eb teorikisht duhet t\u00eb punojn\u00eb gjat\u00eb vitit (12 muaj). Familjet t\u00eb cilat konsiderohen me intensitet shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt n\u00eb pun\u00ebsim p\u00ebrcaktohen n\u00eb kufirin 20 %.<\/span><\/p>\n Individ\u00ebt e grupmosh\u00ebs 18-59 vje\u00e7 t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb familje me intensitet shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt n\u00eb pun\u00ebsim n\u00eb vitin 2018 sipas vler\u00ebsimeve p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb 13,3 % kundrejt 14,4 % t\u00eb rezultuar n\u00eb vitin 2017, duke pasqyruar nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie prej 1,1 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje.<\/span><\/p>\n Rreziku p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr ose p\u00ebrjashtimi social i referohet individ\u00ebve q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebr ose thell\u00ebsisht t\u00eb privuar materialisht ose q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb familje me intensitet shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt n\u00eb pun\u00ebsim.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin 2018 ky tregues \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar 49,0 % kundrejt 51,8 % vler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb vitin 2017. P\u00ebrfitimet sociale, si pensionet e pleq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe ato familjare, t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat familjare t\u00eb disponueshme, ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb uljen e rrezikut p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr. <\/span><\/p>\n N\u00ebse n\u00eb nivelin e t\u00eb ardhurave nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshiheshin t\u00eb gjitha llojet e p\u00ebrfitimeve sociale, rreziku p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr n\u00eb vitin 2018 \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar 39,0 % kundrejt 26,3 % q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar n\u00ebse do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshiheshin n\u00eb nivelin e t\u00eb ardhurave p\u00ebrfitimet sociale vet\u00ebm nga pensionet e pleq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe ato familjare.<\/span><\/p>\n Rreziku p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr sipas grupmoshave dhe gjinis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb analizuar p\u00ebr tre grupmosha. Trendi n\u00eb r\u00ebnie vihet re n\u00eb grupmosh\u00ebn 18-64 vje\u00e7 ku rreziku p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr n\u00eb vitin 2018 n\u00eb krahasim me vitin 2017, \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur me 0,5 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje. Grupmosha 0\u201317 vje\u00e7 nuk ka p\u00ebsuar ndryshime, nd\u00ebrsa grupmosha mbi 65 vje\u00e7 ka p\u00ebsuar rritje me 0,6 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje.<\/span><\/p>\n Rreziku p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr sipas statusit t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit e mosh\u00ebs 18 vje\u00e7 e lart, n\u00eb vitin 2018 \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar me r\u00ebnie me 1,4 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje krahasuar me vitin 2017. Rreziku p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb i varf\u00ebr tek individ\u00ebt e papun\u00eb ka p\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie prej 1,7 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje.<\/span><\/p>\n Shkalla e varf\u00ebris\u00eb sips tipit t\u00eb familjes, n\u00eb vitin 2018, n\u00eb familjet pa f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb var\u00ebsi, vler\u00ebsohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt krahasuar me familjet me f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb var\u00ebsi, respektivisht 15,2 % pa f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb var\u00ebsi dhe 27,0 % me f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb var\u00ebsi. Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb k\u00ebto p\u00ebrqindje ishin respektivisht 15,9 % dhe 26,9 %.<\/span><\/p>\n Niveli i pabarazis\u00eb sipas shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave matet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet koeficentit Gini dhe raportit t\u00eb kuintileve t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave (S80\/S20). Koeficenti Gini mat pabarazin\u00eb n\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen e t\u00eb ardhurave, ku vlera 0 % shpreh barazin\u00eb e plot\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb individ\u00ebt kan\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb koeficient Gini i barabart\u00eb me 100 % shpreh pabarazin\u00eb e plot\u00eb ku vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb person ka t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb ardhurat.<\/span><\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin 2018, Gini \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar 35,4 %, duke p\u00ebsuar r\u00ebnie me 1,4 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje nga viti 2017. Raporti kuintileve S80\/S20, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb indikator i cili mat pabarazin\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura me an\u00eb t\u00eb raportit t\u00eb nivelit m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave disponib\u00ebl t\u00eb ekuivalentuara (kuintili i fundit) me nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave disponib\u00ebl t\u00eb ekuivalentuara (kuintili i par\u00eb).<\/span><\/p>\n Ai paraqet raportin nd\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb ardhurave gjithsej t\u00eb ekuivalentuara t\u00eb 20 % t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb me t\u00eb ardhura m\u00eb t\u00eb larta dhe t\u00eb 20 % t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb me t\u00eb ardhura m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta. N\u00eb vitin 2018 raporti S80\/S20 \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar me 0,5 pik\u00eb p\u00ebr qind m\u00eb pak krahasuar me vitin 2017. <\/span><\/p>\n P\u00ebr popullsin\u00eb 65 vje\u00e7 e lart ky raport \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar me r\u00ebnie 0,1 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje, nd\u00ebrkaq p\u00ebr personat n\u00ebn 65 vje\u00e7 r\u00ebnia vler\u00ebsohet 0,5 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje n\u00eb vitin 2018 krahasuar me vitin 2017.<\/span><\/p>\n