{"id":322857,"date":"2019-09-20T09:05:49","date_gmt":"2019-09-20T07:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hashtag.al\/?p=322857"},"modified":"2019-09-20T09:05:50","modified_gmt":"2019-09-20T07:05:50","slug":"bb-skema-e-pensioneve-ne-shqiperi-ne-presion-te-dyfishte-nga-plakja-dhe-informaliteti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2019\/09\/20\/bb-skema-e-pensioneve-ne-shqiperi-ne-presion-te-dyfishte-nga-plakja-dhe-informaliteti\/","title":{"rendered":"BB: Skema e pensioneve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, n\u00eb presion t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb nga plakja dhe informaliteti","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

\"\"Sistemet aktuale t\u00eb pensioneve publike n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudhe jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt do duhet t\u00eb reformohen totalisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur defektet q\u00eb po shfaqin kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Banka Bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb thelluar globale p\u00ebr v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb po hasin skemat e sigurimeve nga plakja e popullsie dhe nga mungesa e efikasitetit q\u00eb disa vende kan\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur sigurimet shoq\u00ebrore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria bashk\u00eb m\u00eb disa vende t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Lindore \u00ebsht\u00eb e ekspozuar edhe nga fenomeni i plakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb vetvete sjell r\u00ebnien e numrit t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve dhe kontributeve n\u00eb skemat e pensioneve, por edhe nga informaliteti i lart\u00eb i pun\u00ebs q\u00eb gjithashtu p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebson deficitin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Banka Bot\u00ebrore referon se ekonomia informale dhe pun\u00ebsimi informal u rriten n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dramatike n\u00eb vende si Shqip\u00ebria, Bullgaria, Rumania, dhe Serbia, si dhe n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe vendet q\u00eb dol\u00ebn nga ish Bashkimi Sovjetik, m\u00eb 2018. Informalizimi n\u00eb rritje i pun\u00ebs p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebson n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dramatike ekuilibrin midis kontribuuesve dhe pensionist\u00ebve.<\/span>
\nKjo ekuilib\u00ebr rezultoi n\u00eb deficite t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, madje kur normat e kontributeve ligjore ishin n\u00eb nivele mbi 20 p\u00ebr qind.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shumica e vendeve n\u00eb rajon thjesht nuk ka indeksuar pensionet me inflacionin dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur deficitin kan\u00eb rritur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb periodike pag\u00ebn minimale.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kolapsit n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen skemat aktuale te pensioneve, disa vende kan\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar pension t\u00eb sheshte p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/span>
\nN\u00eb Gjeorgji, deri n\u00eb vitin 2006 pothuajse gjysma e shpenzimeve e skem\u00ebs s\u00eb pensioneve u financua nga buxheti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm dhe shumica e njer\u00ebzve mor\u00ebn pension minimal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Parashikimet sugjeruan se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb moshuarve nuk do t\u00eb kualifikohej as p\u00ebr pensionin minimal. N\u00eb vitin 2008, qeveria e Gjeorgjis\u00eb kuptoi q\u00eb sistemi i vjet\u00ebr nuk ishte m\u00eb i zbatuesh\u00ebm. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb pensioni n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb kontributeve u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua me nj\u00eb pension t\u00eb shesht\u00eb universal. Lidhja midis pag\u00ebs ligjore, kontributeve dhe p\u00ebrfitimeve nga sistemi komb\u00ebtar i pensioneve d\u00ebshtoi. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti i par\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb plan \u201cde jure\u201d kontribuues u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua nga nj\u00eb plan jo-kontribuues. Por nuk ka gjasa t\u00eb jet\u00eb rasti i fundit. Disa vende t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore s\u00eb shpejti mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me zgjedhje t\u00eb ngjashme pasi piramidat e tyre t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb po p\u00ebrmbysen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sfida afatgjat\u00eb e plakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn fiskale me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn p\u00ebrballet shumica e vendeve me t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb larta jan\u00eb po aq t\u00eb frikshme. N\u00eb vitin 2016, shpenzimet mesatare t\u00eb pensioneve n\u00eb vendet e Bashkimit Evropian (BE) tejkaluan 10 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb GDP. Kjo norm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e lart\u00eb kur krahasohet me nivelet n\u00eb vendet me t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb mesme.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Japoni, plakja e shpejt\u00eb e popullsis\u00eb gjat\u00eb 50 viteve t\u00eb fundit e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb modelin kontribuues gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb ambient pa rritje ekonomike. Autoritetet japoneze me ligj kan\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar q\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave nga TVSH-ja t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb financuar pensionin baz\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00ebn 50%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gjermania tani po p\u00ebrballet me presione t\u00eb ngjashme demografike si Japonia dhe po p\u00ebrshtat financimin e sistemit t\u00eb sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me rrethanat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shembujt m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb vendeve q\u00eb zgjodh\u00ebn t\u00eb financojn\u00eb sistemet e pensioneve nga buxheti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm jan\u00eb Australia dhe Zelanda e RE.<\/span>
\nZelanda e Re prezantoi nj\u00eb pension universal t\u00eb shesht\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1891 dhe e ka ruajtur at\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa Australia aplikon nj\u00eb skem\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/span> Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e Monitor.al<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Sistemet aktuale t\u00eb pensioneve publike n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudhe jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt do duhet t\u00eb reformohen totalisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur defektet q\u00eb po shfaqin kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Banka Bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb thelluar globale p\u00ebr v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb po hasin skemat e sigurimeve nga plakja e popullsie dhe nga mungesa e efikasitetit q\u00eb disa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":30,"featured_media":290160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-322857","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322857","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=322857"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322857\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/290160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=322857"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=322857"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=322857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}