{"id":304317,"date":"2019-06-17T07:28:33","date_gmt":"2019-06-17T05:28:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hashtag.al\/?p=304317"},"modified":"2019-06-17T07:30:39","modified_gmt":"2019-06-17T05:30:39","slug":"kultura-financiare-shqiptaret-marrin-note-kaluese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/2019\/06\/17\/kultura-financiare-shqiptaret-marrin-note-kaluese\/","title":{"rendered":"Kultura financiare, shqiptar\u00ebt marrin not\u00eb kaluese","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb vrojtim i Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nxori n\u00eb pah kultur\u00ebn e dob\u00ebt financiare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, por njohurit\u00eb matematikore jan\u00eb ende t\u00eb admirueshme.<\/span>
\nMbi 90% e t\u00eb intervistuarve jan\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00ebtim t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb me mend, po vet\u00ebm gjysma e t\u00eb anketuarve din\u00eb t\u00eb llogarisin nj\u00eb norm\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb interesi, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb e kat\u00ebrta gabojn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje dhe po kaq nuk din\u00eb si t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen<\/span><\/p>\n

Fakti q\u00eb af\u00ebrisht 50% t\u00eb shpenzimeve t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ushqime, tregon se marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnia e tyre me bankat dhe produktet financiare \u00ebsht\u00eb e dob\u00ebt e p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, kultura financiare \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb po k\u00ebto nivele. Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb vrojtim t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm, p\u00ebr kultur\u00ebn financiare n\u00eb vend, gjeti se Shqip\u00ebria ka nj\u00eb indeks t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs financiare n\u00eb vler\u00ebn 12.7 nga 21 maksimumi, ose vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pik\u00eb m\u00eb posht\u00eb mesatares s\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb OECD-s\u00eb dhe 0,6 pik\u00eb posht\u00eb mesatares s\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vendeve q\u00eb kan\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vrojtim.N\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 2015, Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb kreu vrojtimin e dyt\u00eb, pas atij t\u00eb vitit 2011, p\u00ebr matjen e nivelit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs, rezultatet e t\u00eb cilit u publikuan s\u00eb fundmi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rezultatet e p\u00ebrftuara tregojn\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt nuk zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb njohuri mjaft t\u00eb mira financiare. Mbi 90% e t\u00eb intervistuarve jan\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00ebtim t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb me mend, po vet\u00ebm gjysma e t\u00eb anketuarve din\u00eb t\u00eb llogarisin nj\u00eb norm\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb interesi, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb e kat\u00ebrta gabojn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje dhe po kaq nuk din\u00eb si t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen. Vet\u00ebm 29% e tyre u p\u00ebrgjigjen sakt\u00eb pyetjes mbi interesin e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb gjysma japin p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb gabuar, nd\u00ebrsa vet\u00ebm 52% e t\u00eb intervistuarve p\u00ebrgjigjen sakt\u00eb ndaj pyetjes q\u00eb teston njohjen e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb paras\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

89% e t\u00eb intervistuarve e njohin interesin e huas\u00eb, teksa 78% e tyre njohin dhe kuptojn\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien q\u00eb ekziston mes rrezikut dhe kthimit nga nj\u00eb investim. 71% e njohin konceptin e inflacionit dhe efektin e tij mbi koston e jetes\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa vet\u00ebm 66% e tyre i jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjur sakt\u00eb pyetjes mbi marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien mes riskut dhe diversifikimit t\u00eb portofolit. Analiza e p\u00ebrgjigjeve p\u00ebrftuar p\u00ebr pyetjet q\u00eb matin njohurit\u00eb financiare, sipas karakteristikave socio-demografike, nxjerr n\u00eb pah q\u00eb nuk ekzistojn\u00eb diferenca n\u00eb njohurit\u00eb financiare t\u00eb meshkujve dhe femrave.<\/span>
\nNga p\u00ebrgjigjet p\u00ebr pyetjen a i njohin produktet financiare, rezulton se produkti m\u00eb pak i njohur nga t\u00eb intervistuarit \u00ebsht\u00eb kredia mikrofinanciare (17%), nd\u00ebrsa ai m\u00eb i njohuri \u00ebsht\u00eb llogaria e kursimit (79%).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se, megjith\u00ebse llogaria e kursimit \u00ebsht\u00eb produkti q\u00eb njihet nga p\u00ebrqindja m\u00eb e lart\u00eb e t\u00eb intervistuarve (79%) vet\u00ebm 30% e tyre zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari t\u00eb till\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, q\u00eb llogaria rrjedh\u00ebse, megjith\u00ebse njihet vet\u00ebm nga 58% e t\u00eb intervistuarve, zot\u00ebrohet nga 51% e tyre. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e mbledhura nga kampioni d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb financiarisht. Megjith\u00ebse me nj\u00eb rritje prej 4% nga viti 2011, vet\u00ebm 46% e t\u00eb intervistuarve raporton t\u00eb ket\u00eb zot\u00ebruar dhe p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb llogari rrjedh\u00ebse apo kursimi n\u00eb dy vitet e fundit. Duke l\u00ebn\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb p\u00ebr politika t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme p\u00ebr nxitjen e qasjes n\u00eb produkte financiare e bankare.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" \"\"<\/p>\n

Njohuri t\u00eb mira, por p\u00ebrfshirje e dob\u00ebt financiare<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb njohuri financiare mbi nevojat, pasi i p\u00ebrdorin produktet financiare shum\u00eb pak, pavar\u00ebsisht se din\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e mbledhura n\u00eb nivel vendi tregojn\u00eb se 15% e t\u00eb intervistuarve zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb produkte sigurimi dhe 18% e t\u00eb intervistuarve zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb produkt kredie. Nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e kat\u00ebr treguesve t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshirjes financiare, vihet re se lloji i produktit financiar m\u00eb i p\u00ebrdorur nga t\u00eb intervistuarit \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i pages\u00ebs (43%), nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb pak i p\u00ebrdoruri, \u00ebsht\u00eb sigurimi (15%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Zot\u00ebrimi i njohurive financiare baz\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i duhur i aft\u00ebsive llogarit\u00ebse e matematikore p\u00ebr veprime t\u00eb lidhura me financat personale p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb nga tre elementet e kultur\u00ebs financiare. Nj\u00eb nivel i mir\u00eb njohurish financiare e ndihmon individin t\u00eb krahasoj\u00eb produktet e ndryshme financiare, t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb zgjedhje t\u00eb mirinformuara dhe t\u00eb administroj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur \u00e7\u00ebshtjet financiare personale. Matja e nivelit t\u00eb njohurive financiare t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs shqiptare realizohet me nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebsi prej 8 pyetjesh t\u00eb vrojtimit, t\u00eb cilat shqyrtojn\u00eb koncepte si: inflacioni, diversifikimi, rreziku dhe kthimi nga investimi, interesi i thjesht\u00eb e ai i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb, si dhe matin aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tyre llogarit\u00ebse.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigjet treguan se shqiptar\u00ebt zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb njohuri financiare t\u00eb nivelit mesatar, duke sh\u00ebnuar 64% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta. Njohurit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mira, ata i shfaqin p\u00ebr koncepte si interesi i huas\u00eb (84% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta), marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnia midis rrezikut t\u00eb nj\u00eb investimi dhe kthimit prej tij (77% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta) dhe inflacioni (75% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta). Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, njohurit\u00eb e tyre financiare \u00e7alojn\u00eb n\u00eb koncepte si interesi i thjesht\u00eb (48% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta) dhe ai i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb (vet\u00ebm 28% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi i aft\u00ebsive llogarit\u00ebse, shqiptar\u00ebt marrin shk\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb kontekst financiar, kryerja e veprimeve t\u00eb thjeshta matematikore me mend plot\u00ebson zot\u00ebrimin e njohurive financiare tek nj\u00eb individ financiarisht i edukuar. Pyetja e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb matur k\u00ebt\u00eb tipar \u00ebsht\u00eb relativisht e thjesht\u00eb: \u201cImagjinoni sikur 5 v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve iu kan\u00eb dhuruar 100,000 lek\u00eb. N\u00ebse ata i ndajn\u00eb parat\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb, nga sa i takon secilit?\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nisur edhe nga thjesht\u00ebsia e pyetjes, p\u00ebrgjigjet e marra jan\u00eb mjaft pozitive. 9 nga 10 t\u00eb anketuar i p\u00ebrgjigjen sakt\u00eb pyetjes. P\u00ebr sa u p\u00ebrket karakteristikave socio-demografike, nuk vihen re dallime mes meshkujve dhe femrave (91%), nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb duket se niveli m\u00eb i lart\u00eb i arsimimit ndikon bindsh\u00ebm n\u00eb aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e kryerjes s\u00eb veprimeve aritmetike t\u00eb t\u00eb anketuarve (97% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta nga individ\u00ebt me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb, kundrejt vet\u00ebm 69% nga ata pa shkoll\u00eb, ose me arsim t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm). Nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb e kund\u00ebrt vihet re p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket mosh\u00ebs, ku t\u00eb anketuarit e rinj p\u00ebrgjigjen m\u00eb sakt\u00eb (95%) krahasuar me ata t\u00eb moshuar (79%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Norma e interesit t\u00eb nj\u00eb depozite p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb element t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb llogaritur rritjen e kursimeve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb matur aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e llogaritjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb norme t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb interesi, t\u00eb anketuarit jan\u00eb pyetur: \u201cT\u00eb supozojm\u00eb se ju keni vendosur 10,000 lek\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari kursimi me interes fiks 2% n\u00eb vit dhe pa komisione. Ju nuk b\u00ebni derdhje t\u00eb tjera dhe as t\u00ebrheqje parash nga llogaria. Sa do t\u00eb jet\u00eb shuma n\u00eb llogari n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb par\u00eb, pasi t\u00eb jet\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb dhe derdhja e interesit?\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rezultatet tregojn\u00eb se gjysma e t\u00eb anketuarve din\u00eb t\u00eb llogarisin nj\u00eb norm\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb interesi, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb \u00bc gabojn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje dhe \u00bc e mbetur nuk din\u00eb si t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen. Femrat shfaqen disi m\u00eb t\u00eb pasigurta n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje se meshkujt, me 47% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta dhe 28% \u201cNuk e di\u201d, kundrejt 52% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta dhe 23% \u201cNuk e di\u201d, p\u00ebr meshkujt. Individ\u00ebt q\u00eb banojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona urbane p\u00ebrgjigjen m\u00eb sakt\u00eb (51%) se ata t\u00eb zonave rurale (47%), por nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe gabojn\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr (29% kundrejt 21%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ndryshe nga norma e thjesht\u00eb e interesit, norma e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb llogaritet jo vet\u00ebm si p\u00ebrqindje e shum\u00ebs fillestare t\u00eb depozituar n\u00eb nj\u00eb llogari kursimi, por edhe e interesave t\u00eb akumuluara gjat\u00eb periudhave t\u00eb m\u00ebpasshme. Njohja e k\u00ebtij koncepti sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb llogaritur interesat e p\u00ebrfituara nga investimi i kursimeve p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb se nj\u00eb vit. P\u00ebrgjigjet e p\u00ebrftuara tregojn\u00eb se t\u00eb anketuarit hasin v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb llogaritjen e interesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm 29% e tyre i p\u00ebrgjigjen sakt\u00eb pyetjes, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb gjysma japin nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb gabuar. P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebsaj pyetjeje sipas karakteristikave socio-demografike, 1 n\u00eb 3 meshkuj, kundrejt 1 n\u00eb 4 femra, e njohin interesin e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Gjysma i njohin efektet e inflacionit t\u00eb paga<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Njohja e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb paras\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb ndihmon t\u00eb kuptuarit e ndikimit t\u00eb inflacionit n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb bler\u00ebse t\u00eb burimeve financiare, me kalimin e koh\u00ebs. Ky koncept prek vendimet afatgjata t\u00eb individ\u00ebve mbi p\u00ebrdorimin m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb burimeve financiare n\u00eb dispozicion. T\u00eb pyetur n\u00ebse, pas nj\u00eb viti, me nj\u00eb norm\u00eb pozitive inflacioni, mund t\u00eb blihet m\u00eb pak apo m\u00eb shum\u00eb me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn shum\u00eb parash, vet\u00ebm gjysma e individ\u00ebve p\u00ebrgjigjen sakt\u00eb. N\u00eb zonat urbane, vlera e paras\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb njihet nga 62% e individ\u00ebve, kundrejt 37% t\u00eb atyre n\u00eb zona rurale. Niveli i arsimimit dhe niveli i t\u00eb ardhurave jan\u00eb dy tregues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb pozitivisht mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb njohuri, sa m\u00eb i lart\u00eb arsimimi dhe sa m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb ardhurat, aq m\u00eb e mir\u00eb edhe njohja e konceptit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Interesi i huas\u00eb, 89% e din\u00eb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Interesi i huas\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga elementet kryesore q\u00eb merren n\u00eb analiz\u00eb, n\u00eb momentin e marrjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb borxhi apo huaje. Njohja e k\u00ebtij koncepti analizohet nga pyet\u00ebsori p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb pyetjeje t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb: \u201cJu i keni dh\u00ebn\u00eb hua 2,500 lek\u00eb nj\u00eb mikut tuaj. T\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen ai ju kthen borxhin. Sa interes ka paguar miku juaj p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb hua?\u201d. Rezultatet e k\u00ebsaj pyetjeje jan\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqshme dhe tregojn\u00eb se 89% e t\u00eb intervistuarve e njohin interesin e huas\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb intervistuarit q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona urbane jan\u00eb pak m\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb familjarizuar me k\u00ebt\u00eb koncept (92% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta), kundrejt atyre t\u00eb zonave rurale (86%). N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb pozitive ndikon edhe niveli i t\u00eb ardhurave, sa m\u00eb t\u00eb larta, aq m\u00eb t\u00eb mira edhe njohurit\u00eb p\u00ebr interesin e huas\u00eb. P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket situat\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, njohuri m\u00eb t\u00eb mira tregojn\u00eb student\u00ebt dhe praktikant\u00ebt (95% p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb sakta), nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi duken pensionist\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb paaft\u00ebt p\u00ebr pun\u00eb (81%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt e njohin rrezikun financiar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Koncepti i radh\u00ebs analizon marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien q\u00eb ekziston mes rrezikut dhe kthimit nga nj\u00eb investim. Njohja e k\u00ebsaj marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieje i ndihmon individ\u00ebt n\u00eb kryerjen e investimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegjshme, duke analizuar drejt rrezikun q\u00eb ato mund t\u00eb paraqesin. T\u00eb intervistuarit, t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebrpara pohimit: \u201cNj\u00eb investim me interes (fitim) t\u00eb lart\u00eb, ka gjasa t\u00eb paraqes\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb lart\u00eb\u201d, jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjur sakt\u00eb n\u00eb 78% t\u00eb rasteve. T\u00eb analizuar sipas tipareve sociodemografike, p\u00ebrgjigjen m\u00eb sakt\u00eb: femrat (80%); banor\u00ebt n\u00eb zonat urbane (81%); si dhe t\u00eb intervistuarit me mosh\u00eb t\u00eb re dhe t\u00eb mesme (79-80%). K\u00ebto rezultate tregojn\u00eb se meshkujt, banor\u00ebt n\u00eb zonat rurale dhe t\u00eb moshuarit p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb kategorit\u00eb me njohuri m\u00eb t\u00eb brishta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sjellja e matur p\u00ebrpara blerjeve<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mungesa e maturis\u00eb p\u00ebrpara kryerjes s\u00eb blerjeve apo shpenzimeve rrezikon q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e financave, duke ndikuar rrjedhimisht mir\u00ebqenien afatshkurt\u00ebr e afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb individ\u00ebve dhe familjeve. Shpesh, blerjet e nxituara mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt kursimesh dhe mbikreditim. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, kampioni \u00ebsht\u00eb pyetur se sa shpesh shqyrton n\u00ebse nj\u00eb shpenzim \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm ose jo. Rezulton se shumica d\u00ebrrmuese e t\u00eb intervistuarve \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht dakord (76%) dhe dakord (19%) me pohimin \u201cP\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb blej di\u00e7ka, marr n\u00eb shqyrtim n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shpenzim q\u00eb mund ta p\u00ebrballoj\u201d dhe vet\u00ebm 1% shprehen se jan\u00eb \u201ckund\u00ebr\u201d dhe \u201cplot\u00ebsisht kund\u00ebr\u201d tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa nuk ka diferenca mes femrave dhe meshkujve n\u00eb sjelljen e matur p\u00ebrpara blerjes, kur t\u00eb intervistuarit i ndajm\u00eb sipas nivelit t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave, vihet re se sa m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb ardhurat -43-mujore t\u00eb familjes, aq m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt p\u00ebrqindja e t\u00eb intervistuarve q\u00eb shprehen plot\u00ebsisht dakord me pohimin.<\/span><\/p>\n

81% paguajn\u00eb faturat n\u00eb koh\u00eb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pyetja e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr matjen e sjelljes financiare t\u00eb kampionit, ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me shlyerjen e faturave n\u00eb koh\u00eb. Ky tregues paraqet r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi, pasi mosrespektimi i afateve t\u00eb pagesave shpesh sjell kosto t\u00eb reja shtes\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb financat e familjes. Ashtu si p\u00ebr pyetjen e par\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, shumica d\u00ebrmuese e t\u00eb intervistuarve shprehen t\u00eb ken\u00eb sjellje t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket pages\u00ebs s\u00eb faturave n\u00eb koh\u00eb. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb mbledhura nga vrojtimi, 81% e t\u00eb intervistuarve shprehen se jan\u00eb \u201cdakord\u201d ose \u201cplot\u00ebsisht dakord\u201d me pohimin \u201cFaturat i paguaj n\u00eb koh\u00eb\u201d, nd\u00ebrsa vet\u00ebm 6% jan\u00eb \u201ckund\u00ebr\u201d ose \u201cplot\u00ebsisht kund\u00ebr\u201d. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se grupet m\u00eb t\u00eb kujdesshme (p\u00ebrgjigjet \u201cPlot\u00ebsisht dakord\u201d dhe \u201cDakord\u201d) n\u00eb respektimin e afateve t\u00eb shlyerjes s\u00eb faturave jan\u00eb: femrat, me 85%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebkontrolli i financave, i admiruesh\u00ebm<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kujdesi i vazhduesh\u00ebm ndaj financave personale \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs i sjelljes, q\u00eb paraqet interes p\u00ebr studimin ton\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak se njohja dhe kontrolli i gjendjes s\u00eb financave b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur reduktimin e shpenzimeve t\u00eb panevojshme, rritjen e kursimeve apo investimeve dhe shmangien e gabimeve, apo veprimeve keqdash\u00ebse nga pal\u00eb t\u00eb treta. P\u00ebr t\u00eb matur k\u00ebt\u00eb tregues, t\u00eb intervistuarve u \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb shprehin dakord\u00ebsin\u00eb me pohimin \u201cKujdesem personalisht p\u00ebr marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e mia financiare\u201d. Nga 1000 t\u00eb intervistuarit, 3 n\u00eb 4 individ\u00eb shprehen se jan\u00eb \u201cdakord\u201d ose \u201cplot\u00ebsisht dakord\u201d me pohimin, nd\u00ebrsa 1 n\u00eb 10 individ\u00eb jan\u00eb \u201ckund\u00ebr\u201d ose \u201cplot\u00ebsisht kund\u00ebr\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kur t\u00eb intervistuarve u k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb shprehin dakord\u00ebsin\u00eb me pohimin \u201cVendos objektiva financiar\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrpiqem t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbush ato\u201d, 41% e tyre p\u00ebrgjigjen se jan\u00eb \u201cdakord\u201d ose \u201cplot\u00ebsisht dakord\u201d, 28% jan\u00eb \u201ckund\u00ebr\u201d ose \u201cplot\u00ebsisht kund\u00ebr\u201d dhe 26% jan\u00eb dakord n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e rasteve, duke treguar edhe nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u fokusuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb afatin e shkurt\u00ebr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dim\u00eb t\u00eb buxhetojm\u00eb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfshirja n\u00eb vendimmarrjen financiare dhe kontrolli i financave personale apo familjare p\u00ebrmes mbajtjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb buxheti jan\u00eb dy \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb tjera me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb adresuara n\u00eb vrojtim. Matja e k\u00ebtyre dy treguesve b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrmes pyetjeve \u201cA keni nj\u00eb buxhet familjar?\u201d dhe \u201cKush \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr vendimet q\u00eb lidhen me menaxhimin e p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm t\u00eb parave n\u00eb familjen tuaj?\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se mbajtja e nj\u00eb buxheti familjar \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sjellje relativisht e zakonshme, me 71% t\u00eb t\u00eb intervistuarve q\u00eb pohojn\u00eb se kan\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. Gjithashtu, edhe p\u00ebrfshirja e kampionit n\u00eb vendimmarrjen financiare t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme t\u00eb familjes rezulton e lart\u00eb, n\u00eb nivelin 83%. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se 61% e t\u00eb intervistuarve kan\u00eb nj\u00eb buxhet familjar dhe p\u00ebrfshihen personalisht n\u00eb vendimet q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me menaxhimin e p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm t\u00eb parave t\u00eb familjes. Vihet re q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb tregues t\u00eb ri nuk ka diferenca t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme mes meshkujve dhe femrave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si veprojm\u00eb kur nuk mbulojm\u00eb shpenzimet<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 pyetjeve t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta q\u00eb synojn\u00eb t\u00eb matin sjelljen kursimtare t\u00eb t\u00eb intervistuarve, buxhetimin, planifikimin dhe kreditimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar shpenzimet e p\u00ebrditshme, pyet\u00ebsori i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb vrojtim p\u00ebrmban edhe dy pyetje shtes\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat synojn\u00eb t\u2019i masin t\u00ebrthorazi k\u00ebta tregues. K\u00ebshtu, p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrgjigjeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrftuara p\u00ebr pyetjen \u201cN\u00eb 12 muajt e fundit, a ju ka ndodhur q\u00eb me t\u00eb ardhurat n\u00eb dispozicion t\u00eb mos ia dilni t\u00eb mbuloni shpenzimet mujore?\u201d, hidhet drit\u00eb mbi aft\u00ebsit\u00eb buxhetuese dhe menaxhimin e financave nga ana e t\u00eb intervistuarve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave vet\u00ebm 43% t\u00eb t\u00eb intervistuarve nuk u ka ndodhur t\u00eb mos mbulojn\u00eb shpenzimet me t\u00eb ardhurat e tyre mujore, gjat\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar, duke d\u00ebshmuar k\u00ebshtu aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb mira buxhetuese dhe menaxhuese. Nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrmes pyetjes s\u00eb dyt\u00eb, \u201cN\u00ebse ju ka ndodhur, si keni vepruar p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar situat\u00ebn, her\u00ebn e fundit?\u201d zbulohet n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjendur n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, a kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019i b\u00ebjn\u00eb ball\u00eb pa marr\u00eb hua, duke d\u00ebshmuar k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb kan\u00eb buxhetuar dhe planifikuar si\u00e7 duhet p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive financiare. Si\u00e7 shihet nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar shpenzimet mujore, kur t\u00eb ardhurat nuk i mbulojn\u00eb ato, \u00ebsht\u00eb marrja hua nga t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit apo miqt\u00eb (58%), e shpjeguar kjo nga marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet ende shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngushta familjare n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb. Thuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn p\u00ebrqindje p\u00ebrgjigjesh pozitive ka marr\u00eb edhe alternativa \u201cduke shpenzuar m\u00eb pak, duke shkurtuar shpenzimet\u201d (57%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Kursimi aktiv<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pa dyshim nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs i sjelljes financiare me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi par\u00ebsore, p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket matjes s\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe kursimi. Kjo kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak se ai ndikon drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb rritjen e siguris\u00eb financiare, n\u00eb shmangien e kreditimit t\u00eb panevojsh\u00ebm dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushjen e objektivave financiar\u00eb individual\u00eb apo familjar\u00eb. N\u00eb vrojtim, kjo sjellje \u00ebsht\u00eb matur p\u00ebrmes pyetjes \u201cN\u00eb 12 muaj e fundit, a keni kursyer\u201d, duke renditur disa forma kursimi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rezultatet d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb se mes nivelit t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave dhe kursimit aktiv ekziston nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie e drejt\u00eb, pra sa m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb ardhurat mujore familjare, aq m\u00eb e lart\u00eb p\u00ebrqindja e t\u00eb kursyerit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive . Rreth 1 n\u00eb 3 persona me t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb ul\u00ebta kursen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive, dhe rreth 2 n\u00eb 3 nga t\u00eb intervistuarit me t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb larta. E nj\u00ebjta marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie duket se ekziston edhe mes kursimit dhe nivelit arsimor t\u00eb t\u00eb intervistuarit, ku rreth 1 n\u00eb 4 persona pa arsim formal apo me arsim t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm shprehet se kursen aktivisht, dhe rreth 1 n\u00eb 2 persona me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb apo p\u00ebrtej tij.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 studimit t\u00eb sjelljes karshi kursimit, nga ana e grupeve t\u00eb ndryshme socio-demografike, me interes \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe analizimi i saj n\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimin e vendosjes s\u00eb objektivave financiar\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrpjekjeve p\u00ebr t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbushur ato, p\u00ebr shkak se k\u00ebto dy sjellje pritet ta ndikojn\u00eb nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn \u2013 pritet q\u00eb individ\u00ebt q\u00eb vendosin objektiva financiar\u00eb t\u00eb kursejn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbushur ato.<\/span><\/p>\n

VINI RE:<\/span> Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00ebsi intelektuale e Monitor.al<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nj\u00eb vrojtim i Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nxori n\u00eb pah kultur\u00ebn e dob\u00ebt financiare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, por njohurit\u00eb matematikore jan\u00eb ende t\u00eb admirueshme. Mbi 90% e t\u00eb intervistuarve jan\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00ebtim t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb me mend, po vet\u00ebm gjysma e t\u00eb anketuarve din\u00eb t\u00eb llogarisin nj\u00eb norm\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb interesi, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":30,"featured_media":253867,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-304317","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme","category-te-fundit"],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304317","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=304317"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304317\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/253867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=304317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=304317"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hashtag.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=304317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}